肌酸激酶MBmass对急性心肌损伤早期诊断的实验研究

目的：连续测定犬急性心肌损伤动物模型血清中肌酸激酶MBmass（CK-MBmass）、CK-MB活性、CK活性等心肌酶学标志物,观察CK-MBmass对急性心肌损伤早期诊断的价值。方法：采用球囊堵闭左冠状动脉前降支中远端的方法建立犬急性心肌损伤动物模型。在诸闭前、堵闭后每10min直至90min连续采静脉血各2ml,3000r／min离心10min取血清测定或置-40℃保存待测。采用微粒子酶联免疫分析法测定CK-MBmass。免疫抑制法测定CK-MB活性,速率法测定CK活性。观察急性心肌损伤后CK-MBmass、CK-MB活性、CK活性等心肌酶学标志物的动态变化及损伤心肌的组织学改变。结果：冠状动脉堵闭90min后,心电图可见明显心肌损伤性ST段上抬改变;血清CK-MBmass、CK-MB活性、CK活性等指标皆超出个体值的2倍以上,但未超出实验参考值的2倍;出现异常值时间CK-MBmass、CK-MB活性、CK活性分别为（30-45）min、（30-60）min、（45-90）min。结论：CK-MBmass可早期诊断急性心肌损伤。     

In situ adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma of uterine cervix. Pathological and immunohistochemical analysis with cytokeratin 13

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was the pathological and immunohistochemical analysis of cytokeratin 13 (CK13) in intraepithelial cervical tumors. STUDY DESIGN: We studied 415 in situ squamous carcinomas and 13 in situ mucinous cervical type adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix. All patients underwent laser cervical conization and had a follow-up ranging 12-135 months. RESULTS: 3% of the squamous carcinoma patients recurred during the follow-up period, while the percentage of recurrence of in situ adenocarcinoma patients was 7.6%. We observed positive surgical edges in 46.1% of glandular tumors, and in 5% of squamous tumors. The percentage of recurrence was high among the cases with positive borders independently from their histopathologic type (14.3% in the squamous carcinomas versus 50% in the adenocarcinomas), compared to cases with negative edges (2.3% in the squamous carcinomas versus 0% in the adenocarcinomas). We observed CK13 positive staining in cervical squamous tumors and in mucinous cervical type adenocarcinomas, while there was no positive staining in non-neoplastic cervical glandular elements. CONCLUSION: CK13 positive immunostaining among in situ squamous and in situ mucinous cervical type adenocarcinoma cases adds additional evidence to data supporting a common origin of the two lesions.     

胃癌腹腔CEA和CK-20 mRNA检测的研究进展

转移和复发是影响胃癌患者预后的重要因素 ,肿瘤细胞在腹腔、淋巴结、外周血及骨髓中的微转移是肿瘤转移和复发的基础。以CEAmRNA和CK 2 0mRNA为靶基因 ,实时荧光定量RT PCR法检测微转移肿瘤细胞 ,是近年来该领域研究的焦点。本文拟从方法学、检测结果及临床意义等方面对实时荧光定量RT PCR检测胃癌患者腹腔冲洗液游离细胞CEA和CK 2 0基因的研究进展加以综述。     

CK19和PCNA在肝纤维化大鼠部分肝切除后再生肝中的表达

目的　检测肝纤维化大鼠部分肝切除后不同时点CK19及PCNA的表达,了解胆管再生情况。 方法　雄性SD大鼠,对照组和实验组各42只,实验组腹腔注射CCl4制备肝纤维化模型,两组均进行部分肝切除术,在不同时点取材后利用HE、免疫组化及免疫荧光双标染色等方法检测CK19和PCNA的表达情况。 结果　实验组和对照组术后随时间延长CK19表达均呈增强趋势,且实验组术后各时间点CK19的表达均高于对照组同时间点。两组PCNA的表达量都随时间推移逐步升高,但实验组大鼠明显上升缓慢,持续时间延长,表达高峰晚于对照组出现。 结论　 （1）肝纤维化大鼠部分肝切除能刺激肝卵圆细胞增殖和向胆管细胞的分化,而正常大鼠部分肝切除后再生肝中的胆管上皮细胞主要来源于原有细胞的代偿性增生。（2）术前肝纤维化大鼠的肝脏细胞就出现了增殖修复,术后由于肝纤维化大鼠本身肝脏受到伤害,因此肝脏的有效再生细胞数低于正常肝脏。     

718例浸润性乳腺癌分子分型中CK5/6和EGFR的表达及临床病理分析

目的 探讨CK5/6和EGFR在浸润性乳腺癌(invasive breast carcinoma,IBC)分子分型中的表达及相关性.方法 采用免疫组化法检测718例IBC中CK5/6、EGFR、ER、PR、HER-2及Ki-67蛋白的表达,分析CK5/6、EGFR与IBC组织学类型、分子分型及其他相关标志物之间的关系....     

Cystic tumors of the liver: on the problems of diagnostic criteria

We report on three cases of cystic neoplasms of the liver with mucinous epithelium. Case 1 showed a low-grade cystic neoplasm with ovarian-like stroma (OS). Case 2 showed a low-grade cystic neoplasm without OS, and case 3 showed a high-grade cystic neoplasm without OS. In all three cases, bile duct communication (BDC) was absent. Currently, pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) are clearly distinguishable. However, MCN of the liver and intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPN-B) are not as easily distinguished. According to the latest WHO classification (2010), these conditions are classed as typical MCN of the liver, MCNs of the liver without OS, or IPN-Bs without BDC. The clinicopathological differences between MCN without OS and IPN-B without BDC are controversial. We present three cases describing these presentations and discuss the difficulties related to the diagnostic criteria used to distinguish between MCN of the liver and IPN-B.     

Increased expression levels of E-cadherin,cytokeratin 18 and 19 observed in preeclampsia were not correlated with disease severity

Introduction

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder and placental factor(s) contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Turnover of villous trophoblast is affected by impaired placental perfusion in preeclampsia. Expression and localisation of cadherins and cytokeratins are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. However, studies describing the associations between cadherins and cytokeratins in preeclampsia are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, cytokeratin 18 and cytokeratin 19 in placentae from women with preeclampsia in order to determine whether their expression differs with disease severity.

Methods

29 preeclamptic placentae and 25 normotensive placentae were included in this study. The expression of E-cadherin, cytokeratin 18, cytokeratin 19 andN-cadherin was quantified by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.

Results

E-cadherin, cytokeratin 18 and cytokeratin 19 were expressed predominantly in the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta and the expression of E-cadherin, cytokeratin 18 and cytokeratin 19 was significantly increased in preeclampsia compared to normotensive pregnancies. However, there was no significant difference in expression between severe preeclampsia and mild preeclampsia. In addition, there was no difference in the expression of N-cadherin between preeclampsic and normotensive pregnancies.

Discussion

Our data demonstrated increased expression of E-cadherin, cytokeratin 18 and cytokeratin 19 in the syncytiotrophoblast of preeclamptic placentae, but this increase was not correlated with disease severity.

Conclusion

Our data suggests that E-cadherin and cytokeratins are involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.     

胃癌及癌旁黏膜组织中CK7、CK20和Ki-67表达的临床意义

目的 研究CK7、CK20和Ki-67在胃腺癌组织中表达状况及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化EnVision法检测60例胃癌及癌旁黏膜组织CK7、CK20和Ki-67的表达情况,比较不同组织类型胃腺癌患者CK7、CK20和Ki-67的表达及其相关性.结果 胃癌组织中CK7、CK20和Ki-67的阳性表达率分别为88.33%(53/60)、73.33%(44/60)和96.67%(58/60),癌旁黏膜异型增生中CK7、CK20和Ki-67的表达分别为92.31%(24/26)、84.62%(22/26)和96.15%(25/26),肠上皮化生组织中CK7、CK20和Ki67的表达分别为85.71%(12/14)、78.57%(11/14)和92.86%(13/14),均明显高于癌旁正常黏膜组织(P均<0.05),且阳性强度多为高表达.低分化胃腺癌中CK7、CK20和Ki-67的表达明显强于高分化腺癌,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).CK7、CK20和Ki-67在胃腺癌组织中的表达呈正相关(P＜0.001).结论 CK7、CK20和Ki-67的表达与胃癌分化程度关系密切,可作为预测胃癌评估预后的指标.     

假肥大型肌营养不良患者血清酶学与肌电图改变的相关性研究

目的研究假肥大型肌营养不良（DMD）患者血清酶学、肌电图改变,进一步分析之间的相关性。方法选择DMD患者45例,平均年龄（7．14±2．92）岁,分别测定血清磷酸肌酸激酶（cK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK—Mb）、肌红蛋白（Mb）等。并进行肌电图检测。结果所有DMD患者血清酶学均增高,平均CK（13109．38±3023．99）U／L,LDH（1258．99±331．5）U／L,CK—Mb（494．22士121．75）U／L,Mb（1417．07±461．47）U／L。共检测肌肉169块,发现肌源性损害肌肉73块,其中1DO％股四头肌存在肌源性损害。33．3％（15／45）存在肱二头肌肌源性损害,26．7％（12／45）三角肌存在肌源性损害。股四头肌时限下降百分比平均为（42．31±8．74）％。CK与Mb、CK—Mb、LDH均呈正相关,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。Mb与CK—Mb、LDH均呈正相关,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）、CK—Mb与LDH呈正相关,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。股四头肌时限下降百分比与CK、Mb、CK—Mb呈正相关,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。CK、CK—Mb、股四头肌时限下降百分比等与病程明显相关,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论血清CK、Mb是早期诊断DMD的特异性指标。联合肌电图检查,可提高诊断的敏感性和特异性和评估病程的进展速度。     

Effects of number of eccentric muscle actions on first and second bouts of eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors

This study compared changes in indirect markers of muscle damage following eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors among the exercises consisting of different number of eccentric actions. Sixty male athletes were placed into one of the six groups (n=10 per group) based on the number of eccentric actions for the first (ECC1) and second exercise bouts (ECC2). Single bout groups (30, 50, and 70) performed ECC1 only, and repeated bout groups (30-30, 50-50, and 70-70) performed ECC2 3 days after ECC1. Another 10 male athletes performed different number of eccentric actions for ECC1 (30) and ECC2 (70) separated by 3 days (30-70). Changes in maximal isometric strength (MVC), range of motion (ROM), upper arm circumference (CIR), serum creatine kinase activity, myoglobin, and nitric oxide concentrations and muscle soreness for 10 days following ECC1 were compared among groups by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Changes in MVC, ROM, and CIR following ECC1 were significantly (P<0.05) smaller for the groups that performed 30 eccentric actions compared with other groups. No significant differences between 30 and 30-30, 50 and 50-50, and 70 and 70-70 were evident for the changes in the measures for 10 days following ECC1 except for the acute decreases in MVC and ROM immediately after ECC2 for the repeated bout groups. The 30-30 and 30-70 groups showed similar changes in all criterion measures. It is concluded that recovery from eccentric exercise is not retarded by the second bout of eccentric exercise regardless of the number of eccentric actions.