Neurotoxicity of the pentabrominated diphenyl ether mixture, DE-71, and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in rat cerebellar granule cells in vitro

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) are compounds used as additive flame retardants in plastics, electronic equipment, and textiles. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro effects of the pentabrominated diphenyl ether mixture, DE-71, and HBCD on cerebellar granule cells (CGC). Both DE-71 and HBCD induced death of CGC in low micromolar concentrations. The NMDA receptor antagonist MK801 (3 μM), and the antioxidant α-tocopherol (50 μM) significantly reduced the cell death. Incubation of the compounds together with the rat liver post-mitochondrial (S9) fraction reduced cell death by 58 and 64% for DE-71 and HBCD, respectively. No ROS formation and no elevation in intracellular calcium were observed. We further demonstrated apoptotic morphology (Hoechst straining) after exposure to low levels of the two brominated flame retardants and signs of DNA laddering were found after DE-71 exposure. However, other hallmarks of apoptosis, like caspase activity, were absent indicating an atypical form of apoptosis induced by DE-71. After intraperitoneal injection of the two compounds both DE-71 and HBCD were found in significant amounts in brain (559 ± 194 and 49 ± 13 μg/kg, respectively) and liver (4,010 ± 2,437 and 1,248 ± 505 μg/kg, respectively) 72 h after injection. Our results indicate that the lower brominated PBDEs have a higher potency of bioaccumulation than HBCD, and that both compounds have a neurotoxic potential in vitro.     

三种新的活性氧相关DNA修饰碱基的分离鉴定

本文报道了三种新的活性氧相关DNA修饰碱基。DNA样品经Fenton反应处理后酸解、衍生,然后行毛细管柱气相色谱（CGC）/质谱（MS）分析,结果表明DNA中各成分成功分离,质谱数据库检索及标准品对照证实,有三个峰分别代表新的修饰碱基5-羟基胸嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶二醇和8-羟基腺嘌呤。上述三种DNA修饰碱基可通过CGC/MS分离鉴定,但这几种修饰碱基的分子生物学后果尚需进一步探讨。     

SFE-CGC法测定四神丸中主要成分的含量

目的建立超临界流体萃取（ＳＦＥ）技术和毛细管气相色谱（ＣＧＣ）非在线联用技术测定成药四神丸中的主要成分。本文以ＳＦＥ法样品前处理,采用含５％苯基硅氧烷交联毛细管柱,蒽作为内标进行定量试验。说明ＳＦＥ－ＣＧＣ法是四神丸质量控制的快速可靠,准确灵敏的方法。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定八味檀香丸中丁香酚的含量

目的:建立CGC法测定八味檀香丸(檀香、丁香等)中丁香酚的含量.方法:以环已酮为内标物,色谱柱为SE-54石英毛细管柱,用程序升温气相色谱法.结果:丁香酚进样在0.25～8μg范围内,丁香酚浓度与丁香酚峰和内标物峰面积之比值呈良好的线性关系,r＝0.9993,平均回收率为96.5%,RSD为2.4%.结论:本法操作简便,结果准确,重现性好,为八味檀香丸的质量控制提供可行的含量测定方法.