脐带间充质干细胞对重度烧伤大鼠肾脏保护作用的研究

目的：观察脐带间充质干细胞（UCMSCs）移植对大鼠严重烧伤后肾脏损伤的影响,为干细胞应用于烧伤后的脏器保护研究奠定基础。方法：获取并分离培养孕大鼠UCMSCs并用流式细胞技术鉴定细胞表面抗原。48只SD大鼠随机分为4组：正常对照组（n=12）、生理盐水组（n=12）、乌司他丁组（n=12）和UCMSCs组（n=12）。正常对照组不作任何处理,立即活杀取材;其余3组制备20％TBSAIII度烧伤模型（98℃,12s）,于伤后48h分别静脉注射生理盐水0．1ml／g（生理盐水组）、乌司他丁1．6×105U／kg（乌司他丁组）和UCMSCs106／k（uCMSCs组）,于给药后7、14d观察大鼠肾脏组织病理学,免疫组化法观察组织凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2的表达,并进行血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（cr）水平的测定。结果：烧伤后7、14d的组织病理学观察显示,干细胞移植后的大鼠烧伤后肾脏组织充血、肿胀等病理学改变较乌司他丁组及生理盐水组有所减轻,随时间延长减轻更加明显;免疫组化观察显示UCMSCs组伤后7d和14d肾组织中Bcl-2的表达较乌司他丁组和生理盐水组明显增多,表明肾组织抗凋亡能力增强。大鼠烧伤后BUN和Cr均较正常对照组显著升高。乌司他丁治疗组除14dBUN较生理盐水组升高外,其余时间BUN和Cr均明显下降。UCMSCs组伤后7和14d两肾功能指标均明显下降,与生理盐水组和乌司他丁组比较差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）,显示干细胞治疗对肾功能有明显改善作用。结论：UC—MSCs移植可有效减轻重度烧伤后大鼠‘肾脏组织的损伤并改善肾脏功能。     

皮肤软组织损伤创面的修复

目的:研究皮肤软组织损伤创面的修复方法和临床效果.方法:对于皮肤软组织损伤所造成的创面或溃疡,有手术条件者应实行撕脱皮肤原位缝合,或回植;裸露创面和移植皮肤采用湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)治疗,一般采用湿润暴露疗法,受压部位采用湿润包扎疗法.结果:挫擦伤创面8d～25d愈合,无瘢痕增生;骨及肌腱外露创面的肉芽组织生长迅速,创面愈合时间缩短,愈合创面皮肤弹性良好.结论:湿润烧伤膏对损伤皮肤有保护作用,可促进裸露创面愈合.     

烧伤病人的临床治疗方法与疗效分析

目的:总结烧伤病人的临床治疗方法与疗效.方法:回顾性分析2004年3月～2007年10月期间,我院所治疗的烧伤病历资料,主要统计指标为治疗方法、创面临床变化特点、病人转归等.结果:(1)采用烧伤湿润暴露疗法治疗者共51例,深Ⅱ度创面均于3周内愈合,未做植皮手术,大面积深度创面自行愈合,Ⅲ度烧伤创面有浅表软瘢痕形成,每次换药时病人安静、合作,乐意接受该方法治疗,并述说创面不疼痛或疼痛轻微,创面局部无紧缩感和撕裂感及烧灼感,治愈率达98%,其中一例死于多器官功能衰竭;(2)接受传统暴露疗法治疗者24例,病人的创面早期干燥、结痂明显,痂下积脓时有发生,有的患者在病情平稳后实行了削痂植皮手术治疗,有的祛除积脓痂皮行外科换药治疗,创面疼痛明显,且伴有紧缩感、撕裂感及烧灼感,治愈率为93%,其中2例死于多器官功能衰竭,5例因痂下积脓,行切痂换药后好转,二期行削痂植皮术后治愈,深Ⅱ度创面于26d内愈合,有些Ⅲ度烧伤创面实行了植皮手术治疗,创面封闭时间长短不一.结论:各种不同类型的烧伤创面采用不同的治疗方法其疗效不同,湿润暴露疗法所治疗的创面始终保持创面湿润而不浸渍,不疼痛或疼痛轻微,利于创面皮肤组织原位再生修复,即优于创面干燥暴露疗法.     

不同环境对海水浸泡犬复合型颅脑火器伤的影响

目的 探讨陆地与海上不同环境条件对海水浸泡犬复合型颅脑火器伤的影响.方法 成年健康犬30只,制作成复合型颅脑火器伤动物模型(颅脑火器伤+开放性胸部伤+开放性腹部伤+烧伤).动物致伤后随机分为3组,即A组(陆地非海水浸泡)、B组(陆地海水浸泡)和C组(海上海水浸泡),每组10只.采用:Powlab/8sp生理记录仪动态监测体温、呼吸(R)、心率(HR)和平均动脉压(MAP)的变化,监测血气分析和血电解质变化.结果 C组伤情明显重于A组和B组,表现为生命体征紊乱,呼吸明显加快,循环、体温调节功能障碍,低体温,血浆渗透压升高,高钠、高氯血症,代谢性酸中毒,导致动物生存时间缩短,死亡率增加.结论 海上环境对海水浸泡复合型颅脑火器伤犬的生命体征和生化指标均有明显影响.     

Clinical significance of leukocyte infiltrative response in deep wound of patients with major burns

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the time course of infiltrated leukocytes and the subpopulations of infiltrated lymphocytes in deep wounds, and their relationship with injury severity in seriously burned patients. METHODS: Six patients with major burns were enrolled in the study. Specimens were taken from deep partial-thickness burn wounds of all patients at 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after burn. The appearance time and cellular components of infiltrated leukocyte zone in the burn wound were evaluated by histological and immunohistochemistry examination with lymphocyte monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: The infiltrated leukocyte zone of burn wound formed 1-2 weeks after burn. The more severe the degree of injury (including burn area, depth and combined injuries) was, the later the infiltrated leukocyte zone appeared. The infiltrated cells mainly consisted of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) during the early period after burn while macrophages and lymphocytes appeared later. There were some changes of the T lymphocyte subsets and their activation degree in the burn wound. CONCLUSION: The changes of infiltrated leukocyte zone of wound following burns were closely related to the injury severity, and represented alteration of the anti-infection ability and immune rejection of local wound. These results provide important evidence for appropriate wound treatment and prolonging the survival of skin allograft.     

A survey of the use of propranolol in burn centers: Who,what, when,why

Introduction

Many burn centers utilize propranolol in both adult and pediatric burn patients to attenuate the hypermetabolic response related to thermal injury despite the relative paucity of data in adults compared to children. The purpose of this study was to identify practice patterns related to propranolol, for which groups it is being used, length of use, and the intended benefit.

Comparison of clinical outcomes in diabetic and non-diabetic burns patients in a national burns referral centre in southeast Asia: A 3-year retrospective review

Objective

Diabetic burns patients may be at risk of worse clinical outcomes. This study aims to further investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes in burns patients in Singapore.

荷负电气溶胶治疗对大鼠烫伤创面白细胞介素-8、10表达的影响及意义

目的 观察荷负电气溶胶治疗对大鼠烫伤创面愈合过程中白细胞介素(IL)-8、IL-10表达的影响,探讨荷负电气溶胶治疗促进创面愈合的作用机制.方法 制作SD大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,采用分组对照方法,将40只鼠随机分为治疗组(n1=20)和对照组(n2=20).治疗组应用荷负电气溶胶治疗,每次1.5 h,每天2次,直至创面愈合;对照组不作荷负电气溶胶治疗.伤后第1～11天分别取创面标本制作切片,采用免疫组织化学和图像分析方法,检测创面愈合过程中IL-8和IL-10表达水平.结果 创面平均愈合时间治疗组为(7.00±1.15)d,对照组为(9.00±1.34)d,治疗组创面愈合时间明显提前(P＜0.01).免疫组织化学显示,两组IL-8均在伤后第1天开始表达.主要位于多核粒细胞和单核细胞;第3天表达明显增多达高峰,并见大量成纤维细胞表达,治疗组的峰值明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),第5～11天表达水平迅速下降.两组IL-10伤后第1天在淋巴细胞和单核细胞均有表达;第3天开始有角质细胞表达并达高峰,第5～11天表达水平缓慢下降,但治疗组要明显高于对照组,第3～11天差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 荷负电气溶胶治疗能有效抑制创面IL-8的表达及促进IL-10的表达,缩短炎症进程,从而加速创面愈合.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the influence of aerosol bioelectricity on the expression of interleukin (IL) -8 and IL-10 in wound healing of burned rats. Methods The deep Ⅱ degree scalding models were established in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n1 =20) and control group (n2 =20). The rats in experimental group were treated with aerosol bioelectricity.Samples were collected at the first to eleventh day post-scalding. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods were conducted to examine the expression of IL-8 and IL-10 in both experimental and control groups. Results The average wound healing time in experimental group was 7. 00 ± 1. 15 days, and that in control group was 9. 00 ± 1. 34 days. IL-8 and IL-10 were observed mainly in polylmorphonuclear and mononuclear cells in both experimental and control groups on the 1 st day. On the third day, fibroblasts abounded, IL-8 expression was increased evidently and reached a peak. The peak value (6. 73 ± 1. 36) in experimental group was lower significantly than that in control group ( 2. 85 ± 0. 72, P ＜ 0. 01). From the 5th to 11th day, IL-8 expression was declined rapidly. IL-10 was expressed in keratode cells and had the peak value in experimental group (1. 24 ±0. 15) and control group (5. 69 ± 1. 32) on the 3rd day. IL-10 expression was declined gradually from the 5th to 11th days. The expression level of IL-10 in experimental group was significantly higher than in control group from the 3rd day to 11th days post-scalding (P＜0. 01). On the 3rd day, both IL-8 and IL-10 in experimental and control groups were expressed abundantly , and there was negative relationship between them (r = - 0. 862, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion Aerosol bioelectricity can indicate active cells proliferation through down-regulating the expression of IL-8 and up-regulating the expression of IL-10, accelerating burned wound healing.     

复方硝苯地平软膏在混合痔术后的应用

目的：研究复方硝苯地平软膏在混合痔术后的临床应用。方法：将135例混合痔术后患者随机分为4组：治疗组、地平组、消炎膏组、对照组,分别给予复方硝苯地平软膏、0.2%硝苯地平软膏、消炎祛腐生肌膏、凡士林软膏换药。结果：治疗组在平均疼痛指数、排便疼痛指数方面低于消炎膏组及对照组（P〈0.05）。对照组创面水肿多于其他3组（P〈0.05）,治疗组创面愈合时间短于其他3组（P〈0.05）。治疗组和地平组的术后肛管静息压低于消炎膏组和对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：复方硝苯地平软膏能有效减轻混合痔术后肛门疼痛,加快创面愈合,无明显不良反应。     

Environmental scan of mental health supports across Canadian burn centers: A healthcare providers’ perspective

BackgroundEarly mental health care and psychosocial support after burn injury provided by a variety of specialists and non-mental health professionals is instrumental in prevention of long-term mental health sequalae such as post-traumatic stress, depressive or substance use disorders. Diversity of mental health supports available to burn survivors vary across geography, resulting in variation of long-term mental health outcomes following burn injury.MethodsA mixed-methods study utilizing a semi-structured questionnaire to explore resources available for burn survivors in Canada as an inpatient, outpatient, and more broadly in the aftercare community. Interviews were completed with 17 Canadian burn centers, with a variety of burn care professionals.ResultsIn the continuum of burn care, a lack of available mental health professionals in certain regions and in the outpatient and community phases was observed. Emerging themes demonstrated the need for regular screening for mental health concerns among burn survivors and providing up to date discharge resources. In addition, increasing educational opportunities available to burn care staff with respect to burn survivor mental health was emphasized. Lastly, the importance of proactive and prolonged psychological support for burn survivors as they progress through an outpatient, rehabilitation and community setting was underlined.ConclusionsIdentification of burn care practices and resources across Canada provides the opportunity to compare, unify and improve gaps in care that exist across the Canadian burn network.