Evidences for the Involvement of Monoaminergic and GABAergic Systems in Antidepressant-like Activity of Tinospora cordifolia in Mice

The present study was taken up to investigate the effect of petroleum ether extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Miers, on depression in mice. The extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered for 14 successive days to Swiss young albino mice (either sex) and evaluated for antidepressant-like activity using tail suspension test and forced swim test. Petroleum ether extract at all three doses produced significant antidepressant-like effect in tail suspension test as well as in forced swim test and their efficacies were found to be comparable to imipramine (15 mg/kg, p.o.) and sertraline (20 mg/kg, p.o.). The extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg showed most potent effect and did not show any significant change in locomotor functions of mice as compared to control. The antidepressant-like effect of the extract was significantly reversed by pretreatment of animals with prazosin (a α(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist), sulpiride (a selective dopamine D(2)-receptor antagonist), p-CPA (a serotonin synthesis inhibitor) and baclofen (GABA-B agonist), when tested in tail suspension test. Moreover, petroleum ether extract also reduced the mouse whole brain monoamine oxidase (MAO-A and MAO-B) activities as compared to control, resulting in increase in the levels of brain monoamines. Therefore, the extract may have potential therapeutic value for the management of depressive disorders.     

恶性血液病并发急性阑尾炎时外科手术的可行性探讨

目的探讨恶性血液病患者外科手术的可行性。方法对３例急性白血病及１例骨髓增生异常综合征并发急性阑尾炎患者进行阑尾切除术,术前术中输注浓缩红细胞及浓缩血小板,使血红蛋白维持在８０ｇ／Ｌ以上,血小板２０×１０９／Ｌ以上直至切口愈合。结果阑尾手术后４例患者切口愈合良好,无一例出现严重手术并发症。结论恶性血液病患者在外周血细胞极低时通过输注成分血可以保证手术的安全。     

离子交换树脂控释混悬剂的研究进展

介绍药物离子交换树脂控释混悬剂和药物－树脂微囊的各种制备方法、混悬介质的组成以及此种混悬剂的释药机制和释药特点。     

尾部悬吊大鼠肺动脉和胸主动脉血管反应性及一氧化氮合酶抑制剂的影响

目的进一步明确大小循环动脉对模拟微重力(simulated microgravity,SM)适应机理,阐明SM后立位耐力降低机理,为SM后立位耐力降低寻找新的对抗措施。方法一30。尾部悬吊(TS)大鼠模拟微重力的生理效应。尾部悬吊7d(TS7d)和14d(TSl4d)后的肺动脉(PA)和胸主动脉(TA)环对68mmol／LKCl、累加浓度的苯肾上腺素(PE)和乙酰胆碱(ACh)的反应性作了观察。加入10^-5mol／LNOS抑制剂N-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯(N-nitro-L-arginine methylester,L-NAME)孵育20min后重复检测对PE的收缩反应和ACh的舒张反应。结果TS7d、TSl4d大鼠PA和TA对KCl及PE的收缩反应非常显著降低;TS7d大鼠PA和TA对ACh的舒张反应显著或非常显著增强,TS14d大鼠PA无变化,TS14dTA仅有增强趋势。加入10^-5mol／L L-NAME后TS7d、TS14d大鼠PA对PE的收缩反应3组无差异,TS7d、TS14d大鼠TA对PE的收缩反应仍有降低;TS7dPA对ACh的舒张反应显著或非常显著降低,其余无变化。结论TS大鼠PA和TA收缩反应的降低可能归因于内皮舒张功能的增强。10^-5mol／LL-NAME可逆转TS后大鼠PA和部分逆转TA的收缩反应降低的实事表明其对内皮细胞的舒张功能有抑制作用．可用于抑制立位耐力降低。     

昆明小鼠胚胎干细胞向心肌细胞的分化

目的饲养层制作及复苏培养昆明小鼠胚胎干细胞,探索体外诱导胚胎干细胞向心肌细胞分化。方法饲养层制作,复苏及体外培养胚胎干细胞,采用一步法消化贴壁胚胎干细胞,悬浮培养5d,形成拟胚体(EB),待EB贴壁后,加入淫羊藿苷(Icraiin,ICA)诱导液对其诱导并每天观察,免疫荧光检测心肌细胞特异性肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)和心室肌球蛋白轻链(MLC-2v)的表达。结果胚胎干细胞悬浮聚集5d,形成类似球状的拟胚体,将拟胚体贴壁诱导8d,发现拟胚体中出现跳动,诱导后10d拟胚体跳动率达65%,显著高于空白对照组和阴性对照组,一个分化拟胚体中一般出现1-3个跳动点,节律约为50-80times/min,在诱导10d时跳动的合胞体,免疫荧光表明cTnT和MLC-2v表达为阳性。结论胚胎干细胞经悬浮聚集培养5d后经10-7mol/L淫羊藿苷诱导,得到了可以跳动的心肌细胞团。     

243例健康人血红细胞悬浮液射频介电特性的研究

本文应用同轴传输线反射法建立的细胞悬浮液介电测量系统，测量了２４３例健康人（男１２０，女１２３名）血红细胞悬浮液在１～５００ＭＨｚ频率范围的介电常数和电导率。结果表明不同性别和不同血型之间的红细胞悬浮液的介电参数无显著差异。将１９～８０岁之间的受试者按１０岁年龄间隔分成六个组，探讨年龄差别对介电参数的影响；发现５０岁左右是人红细胞介电参数有显著差异的临界年龄，４９岁后三个高年龄组的介电参数显著地低于４９岁前的三个低年龄组的数值（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本文的结果证明年龄对人血红细胞的介电参数有明确的影响。     

Sympathetic nervous activity and cardiovascular variability after a 3-day tail suspension in rats

The effects of a 3-day tail suspension on central and peripheral sympathetic activity were studied in rats by determining the in vivo noradrenaline (NA) turnover in the brain cell groups involved in central blood pressure control (A1, A2, A5 and A6) and in two peripheral organs, heart and kidneys. In addition, cardiovascular parameters and their variabilities were investigated by recording blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) before and after suspension. These measurements were processed by spectrum analysis to assess the influence of tail suspension on autonomic balance. The NA turnover in the suspended rats was markedly reduced in A2 (–49%, P<0.01) and A5 (–38%, P<0.01) nuclei but unchanged in A1 and A6 cell groups compared with the control rats. Peripheral NA turnover was decreased in cardiac atria (–44%, P<0.001) and ventricles (–27%, P<0.01) while it was unchanged in kidneys after suspension. The BP, HR and their variabilities were similar in both groups of animals and showed no changes after suspension compared with baseline values. Spectrum analysis of BP and HR in our conscious suspended rats revealed no changes in power spectrum density or in peak frequencies. The discrepancy between the decrease in central sympathetic activity and the absence of changes in cardiovascular parameters after tail suspension raises the question of the validity of the tail suspended rat model when studying the cardiovascular deconditioning observed in humans after an exposure to actual or simulated weightlessness.     

特布他林、爱喘乐及普米克令舒喷射雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎30例

目的探讨特布他林、爱喘乐及普米克令舒三药联合喷射雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的疗法。方法将56例住院毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为两组：对照组26例给予抗感染、吸氧祛痰、静注糖皮质激素等全身用药综合治疗；治疗组30例在上述治疗基础上加用特布他林、爱喘乐及普米克令舒喷射雾化吸入治疗3～5天。结果与对照组比较，治疗组的症状、体征改善优于对照组，病程缩短，且治愈率明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论在常规治疗基础上加用特布他林、爱喘乐及普米克令舒喷射雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎能缩短病程，值得临床推广。     

布地奈德联合利多卡因雾化吸入减轻扁桃体术后疼痛疗效观察

扁桃体手术术后常出现明显的咽喉疼痛,咽部异物感,张口困难,耳痛等不适症状,这些不适症状的改善有利于减轻患者痛苦,促进疾病恢复。糖皮质激素和利多卡因已广泛用于治疗各种急慢性疼痛。2011年5月～2014年1月采用双盲、随机、对照方法观察布地奈德联合利多卡因雾化吸入减轻扁桃体术后咽喉疼痛及咽部异物感的疗效,取得了较好效果,现报道如下。     

Laparoscopic and abdominal sacral colpopexies: a comparative cohort study

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to compare laparoscopic and open sacral colpopexies for efficacy and safety. STUDY DESIGN: Charts were reviewed for 56 patients who underwent laparoscopic sacral colpopexy and 61 patients who underwent open sacral colpopexy. Demographic and hospital data, complications, and follow-up visits were reviewed. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 13.5 +/- 12.1 months and 15.7 +/- 18.1 months in the laparoscopic and open groups, respectively. Mean operating time was significantly greater in the laparoscopic versus open cohort, 269 +/- 65 minutes and 218 +/- 60 minutes, respectively (P < .0001). Estimated blood loss (172 +/- 166 mL vs 234 +/- 149 mL; P = .04) and hospital stay (1.8 +/- 1.0 days vs 4.0 +/- 1.8 days; P < .0001) were significantly less in the laparoscopic group than the open group. Complication and reoperation rates were similar. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic and open sacral colpopexies have comparable clinical outcomes. Although laparoscopic sacral colpopexy requires longer operating time, hospital stay is significantly decreased.