高效液相色谱法测定苍芷喷鼻液中丹皮酚、欧前胡素的含量

目的 :建立测定苍芷喷鼻液中丹皮酚、欧前胡素含量的高效液相色谱方法。方法 :色谱柱为HypersilDivisionODSC18(150mm×4 6mm ,5μm ) ,流动相为甲醇 -水 (6∶4) ,检测波长为310nm ,流速为1 0ml/min ,室温操作。结果 :丹皮酚、欧前胡素平均回收率分别为99 4 % (RSD=0 69 % )、99 9 % (RSD=2 66 % )。结论 :本方法快速、准确 ,样品处理简便易行。     

高效液相色谱法测定复方环麻喷鼻剂中主要成分的含量

目的:探讨用高效液相色谱法(HPLC法)测定复方环麻喷鼻剂中主要成分含量的方法.方法:采用Hypersil-0DS C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液-甲醇-10 mmol/L四丁基溴化铵溶液(60:40:5,用磷酸调节pH值至3.2)为流动相,检测波长为258 nm.结果:线性范围环丙沙星为4.8～24 μg/mL,盐酸麻黄碱为16～μg/mL;环丙沙星的平均回收率为99.4%,RSD为1.4%;盐酸麻黄碱平均回收率为101.3%,RSD为0.9%;精密度的RSD环丙沙星为0.9%,盐酸麻黄碱为1.1%.结论:HPLC法灵敏、准确,可用于复方环麻喷鼻剂的含量测定.     

肤福牌皮肤消毒护肤喷雾剂的急性、亚急性毒性实验和刺激实验

目的：评价肤福牌皮肤消毒护肤喷雾剂的毒性和刺激性。方法：按照消毒技术规范（2002年版）进行急性和亚急性毒性实验、完整和破损皮肤刺激实验、急性眼刺激实验以及微核实验。结果：急性灌胃毒性实验结果显示,该产品对雌、雄小鼠的LD50〉5000mg／kg;对家兔多次完整皮肤、一次破损皮肤刺激实验,以及急性眼刺激实验均属无刺激性;500～5000mg／kg微核实验结果呈阴性;亚急性经口毒性实验,对雌、雄SD大鼠未观察到有害作用的剂量为1000mg／kg。结论：该产品属实际无毒级,无刺激性,安全性良好。     

A comparative study of the efficacy and safety of high-flow nasal cannula and nasal continuous positive airway pressure in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:When it comes to preterm newborns, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the most frequent respiratory condition. Despite the fact that it is well acknowledged that preterm delivery plays a significant role, the causes of lung damage are still not completely understood. In newborns with extremely low birth weight and neonatal RDS, nasal continuous positive airway pressure has been suggested as the first respiratory assistance for spontaneous breathing. In the current research, we aim to carry out a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in patients with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods:We intend to search the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Google Scholar, starting from their initial publication until February 2022, to identify randomized controlled trials comparing HFNC to nCPAP in patients with NRDS. The suitable papers will be chosen by 2 writers who will work independently of one another. Using the Cochrane updated technique for risk of bias, each included article will be subjected to an independent data extraction process by the 2 writers who will then independently evaluate the risk of bias. Consequently, a third author will be asked to address any discrepancies that may arise between the writers. It will be necessary to pool the data and do a meta-analysis with the help of the RevMan 5.3 software.Results:In this study, the effectiveness and safety of HFNC will be compared with those of nCPAP in patients with NRDS.Conclusion:If the results of this research are confirmed, they may serve as a summary of the most recent data for non-invasive respiratory assistance in NRDS.Ethics and dissemination:The study will require ethical approval.Registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/BKSQ5     

甘辛喷雾剂的鼻黏膜纤毛毒性评价

目的:确定适宜的药物浓度,评价甘辛喷雾剂及处方各组分对鼻黏膜纤毛功能的影响.方法:用光学显微镜观察离体蛙口腔上腭纤毛在药物溶液作用下持续摆动时间,以此作为指标考查不同药物浓度和组分对蛙口腔黏膜纤毛功能的影响.结果:4%甘辛喷雾剂对纤毛运动影响最小,与对照组药物相比,4%甘辛喷雾剂和处方中各组分对蛙口腔黏膜纤毛的影响弱于滴通鼻炎水(P＜0.01).结论:甘辛喷雾剂对鼻黏膜纤毛的功能无明显损伤作用.     

盐酸氯胺酮喷雾剂经鼻黏膜吸收动力学及纤毛毒性研究

目的研究盐酸氯胺酮喷雾剂的经鼻黏膜吸收动力学以及纤毛毒性。方法测定家兔鼻黏膜蛤药后血药浓度,计算药动学参数;采用在体蛙上碍评价药物纤毛运动的影响。结果经鼻黏膜给药后,达峰时间Tmax为2．83min,峰浓度Cmax为69．07μg·mL^-1,MRT为44．59min,曲线下面积AUC为567．43μg·min·mL^-1,绝对生物利用度为42．29％;给予盐酸氯胺酮喷雾剂及空白基质后。纤毛运动持续时间分别为510±63min和562±51min。结论盐酸氯胺酮经鼻黏膜吸收动力学符合单室药动学模型,一级吸收动力学特性;给予盐酸氯胺酮喷雾剂及空白基质后。纤毛稍有杂乱。但纤毛运动较活跃．说明本制剂的纤毛毒性较小。     

品管圈在降低长期卧床老年鼻饲患者误吸中的应用效果分析

目的 探讨品管圈活动在降低长期卧床老年鼻饲患者误吸中的效果.方法 成立品管圈小组、确定活动主题为降低长期卧床老年鼻饲患者误吸的发生率,通过现状调查与原因分析,按照80/20定律选定真因,通过头脑风暴法找出对策:自制并应用床头角度测量仪;辅导员做留置胃管置入长度相关护理新进展培训;圈长做鼻饲注食量、注食速度标准化讲座;提高床头抬高角度的精确性;提高护士置入胃管长度的正确性;提高护士宣教能力及患者家属(护工)的依从性.结果 根据误吸判断指标比较活动前后误吸的发生率,长期卧床老年鼻饲患者误吸的发生率由活动前77.0％降至21.1％.结论 品管圈活动不仅降低了长期卧床老年鼻饲患者误吸的发生率,还提高了圈员的工作积极性、团队意识、解决问题能力.     

Nasal delivery of insulin using chitosan microspheres

Nasal delivery of insulin is an alternative route for administration of this drug. The objective of this study was preparation of chitosan microspheres for insulin nasal delivery. After preparation of insulin chitosan microspheres by emulsification-cross linking process, the effect of chitosan quantity (200–400?mg), cross-linker type (ascorbic acid or ascorbyl palmitate) and amount (70–140?mg) were studied on the morphology, particle size, loading efficiency, flow and release of insulin from the microspheres by a factorial design. Optimized formulation was administered nasally in four groups of diabetic rats and their serum insulin levels were analysed by the insulin enzyme immunoassay kit and the serum glucose by the glucose oxidase kits. Insulin loading in microspheres was between 4.7–6.4% w/w, preparation efficiency more than 65% and mean particle size was 20–45?µm. In most cases, drug released followed a Higuchi model. Ascorbic acid caused an increase in stability, particle size and T_50% while decreased the loading efficiency and production efficiency. Increasing the chitosan content, increased particle size, flow and insulin release rate form the microspheres. The increase of cross-linking percentage decreased the flow and size of the microspheres while increase of cross-linking percentage promoted the stability and decreased DE₈% of insulin. Microspheres containing 400?mg of chitosan and 70?mg ascorbyl palmitate caused a 67% reduction of blood glucose compared to i.v. route and absolute bioavaliability of insulin was 44%. The results showed that chitosan microspheres of insulin are absorbable from nasal route.     

布地奈德联合特布他林雾化吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期临床疗效

目的探究布地奈德联合特布他林雾化吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期临床疗效。方法将笔者所在医院2009年9月～2011年12月收治的120例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者随机分成实验组60例,给予布地奈德2mL/次联合特布他林2mL/次雾化吸入,2次/d;对照组60例给予甲泼尼龙40mg/d治疗。治疗持续1周,观察两组患者于治疗前后1周的呼吸困难评分、肺功能、动脉血气指标。结果实验组总有效率为91.7%(55/60),优于对照组的75%(45/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后肺功能改善实验组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论布地奈德联合特布他林雾化吸入能有效治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病,及时缓解急性加重期,具有良好的临床疗效。     

支气管哮喘急性发作期雾化吸入治疗

目的观察雾化吸入布地奈德和特布他林对门诊轻、中急性发作期支气管哮喘患者的疗效。方法48例急性发作期支气管哮喘患者随机分为治疗组（26例）和对照组（22例）。治疗组每天雾化吸入布地奈德和特布他林雾化液7d，7d后吸入布地奈德气雾剂；对照组吸入布地夺德气雾剂和沙丁胺醇气雾剂（分别增加2次的剂量）；均于治疗前和治疗后第3、7和14d给予症状评分。结果治疗组治疗后第3、7d症状评分较对照组明显降低，但第14d两组无明显差异。结论雾化吸入布地奈德和特布他林起效快，可为门诊轻、中度急性发作期哮喘的首选给药方法。