白及合剂联合制霉素片治疗念珠菌性食管炎肝郁脾虚型患者的疗效观察

[目的] 观察白及合剂联合制霉素片治疗念珠菌性食管炎肝郁脾虚型患者的临床疗效。[方法] 70例肝郁脾虚型念珠菌性食管炎患者随机分为两组（n=35）,对照组患者应用氟康唑胶囊,观察组应用白及合剂联合制霉素片,疗程2~4周。比较两组患者治疗前后中医证候评分变化、胃镜结果、综合疗效及不良反应等情况。[结果] 治疗2周后观察组反酸/烧心、胃脘/胁肋痛、胸骨后灼痛、食少纳呆、腹胀、大便异常、舌质、舌苔、急躁易怒/抑郁、善太息、嗳气评分及总评分较治疗前显著下降（P<0.05）。治疗2周后对照组反酸/烧心、胃脘/胁肋痛、胸骨后灼痛、食少纳呆、腹胀、大便异常、舌质、舌苔、急躁易怒/抑郁评分及总评分较治疗前显著下降（P<0.05）。观察组在改善胃脘/胁肋痛、胸骨后灼痛、食少纳呆、腹胀、大便异常、舌质、舌苔、急躁易怒/抑郁、善太息等方面优于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组患者的胃镜疗效及综合疗效均显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。[结论] 白及合剂联合制霉素片能显著改善念珠菌性食管炎肝郁脾虚型患者的临床症状,抗真菌疗效确切,且无明显毒副作用。     

中药加减补阳还五汤保护脊髓神经元的实验研究

目的探讨加减补阳还五汤对实验性脊髓损伤的保护作用。方法取健康SD大白鼠120只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、中药高剂量组、中药低荆量组和尼莫地平组,采用Allen氏法,以288g／em能量造成T9-T11脊髓不完全损伤。假手术组和模型组于手术前1周和术后1h胃肠灌注生理盐水,各治疗组同时胃肠灌注中药或尼莫地平。各组取12只动物于术后24h测定损伤段脊髓组织过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）含量和血液流变学;各治疗组另12只动物治疗4周作为损伤后期观察,于第6用处死测定损伤段脊髓神经细胞数、神经元尼氏体平均灰度。结果①假手术组和各药物组SOD和MDA分别显著高于和低于模型组（P〈0．05-0．01）;假手术组和各药物组血液粘度显著低于模型组（P〈0．05-0．01）,中药组血液粘度较西药组显著降低（P〈0．05-0．01）。②中药高剂量组、尼莫地平组和假手术组尼氏体平均灰度高于模型组（P〈0．05）,中药低剂量组与模型组无显著差异。结论加减补阳还五汤可有效清除损伤脊髓组织自由基、降低血液粘度,从而一定程度阻止脊髓神经细胞尼氏体溶解,保护神经元。     

The fitting of scheffé-type models for estimating solubilities of multisolvent systems

In pharmaceutical studies it is often necessary to dissolve a slightly polar drug in a mixture of water and one or more cosolvents, such as ethanol, glycerol, and propylene glycol, to increase the drug's solubility. It is also of interest to knowwhether a maximum in the solubility profile of the drug exists in the mixture of solvents and if so, where.

Scheffé-type models are particular forms of polynomial equations that can be used with variables that are expressed as proportions of the total mixture. These models are simple in form, yet are extremely versatile in terms of modeling the linear and nonlinear blending properties of the constituents in the mixtures. Several data sets are presented to illustratethe fitting of the Scheffé-type models for modeling the solubility of multisolvent systems.     

局部皮瓣在眼周美容整形中的应用分析

目的：探究局部皮瓣在眼周美容整形中的应用并分析。方法选择自2013年1月-2014年1月间来我院就诊的眼周皮肤受损患者41例。采取局部皮瓣疗法，根据创面的大小，部位等情况规划出一个完整的方案，最大程度的使辅助切口适应面部轮廓，尽量隐藏切口线[1]。结果本组一共有41例患者，术后皮瓣全部存活，且在术后随访几个月期间，无畸形产生，没有影响眼功能，患者很满意。结论局部皮瓣在眼周美容中能够获得效果显著的美容修复作用，值得在临床上大面积推广应用。     

Modeling Methods for Mixture-of-Mixtures Experiments Applied to a Tablet Formulation Problem

During the past few years, statistical methods for the experimental design, modeling, and optimization of mixture experiments have been widely applied to drug formulation problems. Different methods are required for mixture-of-mixtures (MoM) experiments in which a formulation is a mixture of two or more “major” components, each of which is a mixture of one or more “minor” components. Two types of MoM experiments are briefly described. A tablet formulation optimization example from a 1997 article in this journal is used to illustrate one type of MoM experiment and corresponding empirical modeling methods. Literature references that discuss other methods for MoM experiments are also provided.     

Statistics for Risk Assessment of Chemical Carcinogens∗

Risk assessment is a scientific process of evaluation of potential health risks of chemical exposures to humans from available information. It involves analysis of the relationship between exposure and health related outcomes to derive an allowable exposure level. Because of lack of human exposure data, the major source of information for studying potential health effects of chemicals on humans is generally obtained from animal dose response experiments. Animal data are often evaluated in two aspects via statistical analysis: qualitative testing and quantitative estimation. The qualitative testing is to determine if the chemical causes an adverse health effect, i.e., if there is a statistically significant difference between treated and control animals. Quantitative estimation involves fitting a dose-response model to derive an allowable exposure level for humans. This paper reviews statistical principles and procedures for qualitative and quantitative approaches to human risk assessment.     

不同参数督脉走罐对亚健康人体背部局部皮肤血流量影响的初步观察

[目的]通过观察不同参数督脉走罐对亚健康人体背部局部皮肤血流量影响及规律的变化,探讨走罐对机体阳气的影响。[方法]对20名亚健康成年人分别进行静息空白观察,以及罐压为-0.01~-0.02 MPa,走罐时间为5 min,罐压为-0.02~-0.03 MPa,走罐时间为5 min,罐压为-0.02~-0.03 MPa,走罐时间为3 min的督脉走罐,应用激光散斑血流监测视频系统监测上述不同干预方法对亚健康人体大椎穴、身柱穴及大椎与身柱连线的中点,在走罐后即刻、5、10、15、20、25、30 min穴区局部皮肤血流量的变化。[结果]走罐后皮肤局部血流量升高(P<0.05),随时间延长血流量逐渐降低。不同参数督脉走罐对局部血流量的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但压力较大或刺激时间较长时,血流量的变化反而较小。3个观察点在静息状态下血流量随时间变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但相同压力刺激时大椎穴与身柱穴从走罐后15 min起,血流量存在区别,且走罐后大椎穴变化幅度大,身柱穴维持高峰时间长。[结论]1)不同的走罐方法对督脉阳气的调节是不同的。2)走罐后皮肤局部血流量增加,机体阳气功能增强。3)穴位具有特异性。     

治咳枇杷露的质量标准研究

目的：对治咳枇杷露的质量标准进行研究,提高质量控制水平。方法采用薄层色谱法对枇杷叶、薄荷脑、桔梗进行鉴别,采用气相色谱法测定薄荷脑的含量。结果枇杷叶、薄荷脑、桔梗的薄层色谱斑点清晰,分离度好,专属性强,阴性无干扰;薄荷脑的线性范围为0．4008～2．4050μg（r＝0．9999）,平均加样回收率为99．4％（n＝6）,RSD＝0．19％。结论优化后的质量标准方法易行、准确可靠,可用于治咳枇杷露的质量控制。     

Isolated Pyridoxine Deficiency Presenting as Muscle Spasms in a Patient With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case Report and Literature Review

Pyridoxine is an important co-factor for many biochemical reactions in cellular metabolism related to the synthesis and catabolism of amino acids, fatty acids, neurotransmitters. Deficiency of pyridoxine results in impaired transcellular signaling between neurons and presents with muscular convulsions, hyperirritability, and peripheral neuropathy. Deficiency of pyridoxine is usually found in association with other vitamin B deficiencies such as folate (vitamin B9) and cobalamin (vitamin B12). Isolated pyridoxine deficiency is extremely rare. We present the case of a 59-year old female with type 2 diabetes who complained of painful muscle spasms. Her muscle spasms involved in both feet, which have spread proximally to her legs. She also experienced intermittent muscle spasms in her left arm, which is not alleviated by baclofen, cyclobenzaprine. Her plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate confirmed pyridoxine deficiency. Vitamins B1, B3, B12, and folate were within normal limits. The patient received standard-dose intramuscular pyridoxine injections for three weeks followed by oral supplements for 3 months and her symptoms resolved. This case illustrates the rare instance of isolated pyridoxine deficiency in type 2 diabetes patient manifesting as myoclonic muscle spasms involving the legs and arms in the absence of objective polyneuropathy. Pyridoxine level should, therefore, be assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes, including newly diagnosed patients.