呼吸道变态反应性疾病的新疗法

过敏性鼻炎和哮喘的发病率逐年上升,目前的治疗以药物控制症状为主,少部分患者接受变应原特异性免疫治疗。随着分子生物学、免疫学和遗传学等相关学科的发展,近年来已有基础和临床研究对呼吸道变态反应性疾病的新疗法进行了有益的探索,力求寻找新的靶点和途径,包括基因重组疫苗、抗IgE抗体、抗细胞因子、干预转录因子的基因表达、反义治疗和RNA干扰等,以从多方面阻断呼吸道变态反应性疾病的发生和发展。     

咳嗽变异性哮喘临床特征及诊断初步研究

目的 深入研究咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)患者的临床特征以及治疗反应对临床诊断的意义,提高对CVA的诊治水平.方法 2009年10月到2010年8月期间在第三军医大学新桥医院门诊及涪陵中心医院就诊诊断为慢性咳嗽,并且支气管激发试验阳性拟诊为CVA的患者,记录其咳嗽的临床特点、伴随症状和咽部体征.并给予沙美特罗/氟替卡松干粉...     

孟鲁司特钠联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘疗效分析

目的比较孟鲁司特钠联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松、沙美特罗/氟替卡松治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的疗效。方法选择60名咳嗽变异性哮喘患者,随机分成两组：对照组：吸入沙美特罗/氟替卡松（50 ug/250 ug）早晚各1吸,治疗组：联合孟鲁司特钠10mg每晚口服。每组按需吸入沙丁胺醇气雾剂。观察两组病人的临床疗效、不良反应和复发率。结果治疗组临床疗效明显改善,与对照组相比有显著差异性（P〈0.05）。结论孟鲁司特钠联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘疗效明显,值得推广。     

支气管哮喘患者不同时期诱导痰及血嗜酸粒细胞水平的观察

目的探讨诱导痰及末梢血嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)比例、诱导痰嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)水平在支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）发病不同时期的变化及应用价值。方法检测哮喘发作期40例（发作组）、哮喘缓解期48例（缓解组）、40名正常健康体检者（对照组）的诱导痰及末梢血EOS占白细胞百分比,同时分别测定痰ECP。结果 ①末梢血中EOS比...     

屋尘螨提取物激活气道上皮细胞EphA2-STAT3/p38 MAPK信号通路介导气道炎症

目的 探讨受体酪氨酸激酶肝配蛋白A型受体2(EphA2)对屋尘螨提取物(HDM)诱导气道上皮细胞表达炎症细胞因子的作用及其机制.方法 用EphA2小干扰RNA(siRNA)转染气道上皮细胞株16HBE细胞建立EphA2敲减的细胞模型,HDM刺激16HBE细胞后,采用实时定量PCR检测EphA2、白细胞介素6(IL-6)...     

Asthma Severity and Control and Their Association With Perinatal Mental Illness

ObjectiveGrowing evidence suggests asthma increases perinatal mental illness risk, but few studies have explored the impact of asthma severity and control. Our objective was to explore the association between asthma severity and control and perinatal mental illness risk and the impact of asthma exacerbations during pregnancy on postpartum mental illness risk.MethodsThis was a population-based retrospective cohort study of all women in Ontario, Canada, from 2005 to 2015 with a singleton live birth who used public drug insurance, excluding women with recent history of mental illness. We constructed modified Poisson regression models to assess the risk of perinatal mental illness, defined as a mood or anxiety, psychotic or substance use disorder, self-harm or other mental illness diagnosed from conception to 365 days postnatally. Models controlled for socio-demographic factors and medical history.ResultsThere were 62,583 women in the cohort (46.7% between 15 − 24 years), of whom 22.7% had asthma (94.3% mild, 5.7% moderate/severe; 86.5% controlled and 13.5% uncontrolled). After adjustment, there was increased risk of perinatal mental illness with mild asthma (adjusted relative risk [RR]: 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09 to 1.16) and moderate/severe asthma (aRR: 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.30) compared to no asthma. Controlled asthma (aRR: 1.11; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.15) and uncontrolled asthma (aRR: 1.19; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.27) were also associated with increased perinatal mental illness risk compared to no asthma. Women with worsened asthma during pregnancy had the highest risk of postpartum mental illness compared to no change in asthma status (by severity: aRR: 1.57; 95% CI, 1.36 to 1.80; by control: aRR: 1.37; 95% CI, 1.22 to 1.54).ConclusionAsthma is associated with increased risk of perinatal mental illness, particularly in the presence of asthma exacerbations in pregnancy. The results support multidisciplinary collaborative care programmes throughout the perinatal period, especially among women with asthma exacerbations during pregnancy.     

Clinical significance of interventional therapeutic bronchoscopy combined with bronchial arterial embolization in the treatment of hypervascular primary airway tumors in children

Importance:Pediatric hypervascular primary airway tumors are progressive,fatal lesions with a low incidence,and the disease is often more serious than that in a...     

呼吸道合胞病毒感染诱导人支气管上皮细胞表达胸腺基质淋巴生成素的信号转导机制探讨

目的 探讨哮喘发病过程中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染通过诱导支气管上皮细胞表达胸腺基质淋巴生成素(TSLP)来加重哮喘症状的具体信号转导机制.方法 构建RSV病毒F蛋白真核表达载体pcDNA3-F,转染体外培养的人气管上皮细胞株CRL-9483,同时转染Smad7表达载体pcDNA3/Smad7或者添加p38、ERK1/2、JNK、JAK/STAT通路选择性阻断剂,24 h后利用RT-PCR观察各组细胞中TSLP mRNA量的改变情况,观察哪些抑制剂可以下调TSLP mRNA水平.对TSLP显著下调的实验组扩大细胞培养规模,提取细胞浆蛋白后,利用Western Blotting在TSLP蛋白水平进行观察.结果 体外培养的CRL-9483细胞在转染空载体pcDNA3情况下基本不表达TSLP蛋白(TSLP/GAPDH PCR产物相对灰度0.10±0.03),F蛋白的转染可以明显促进其mRNA水平的增高(0.42±0.20,P=0.024),这种增高可以部分被p38抑制剂(0.14±0.04)和JNK抑制剂(0.23±0.07)所阻断,与F蛋白转染组相比P值分别为0.036和0.048,而Smad7阻断剂(0.60±0.25)、ERK1/2抑制剂(0.45±0.23)以及JAK/STAT1阻断剂(0.44±0.25)无此阻断作用,与单纯F蛋白转染组相比P＞0.05.利用Western Blotting分析发现与单独RSV病毒F蛋白表达组(TSLP/GAPDH蛋白条带相对灰度8.13±2.20)相比,p38抑制剂(3.67±1.18)和JNK抑制剂(1.48±0.77)也可以导致TSLP蛋白水平的下降.结论 RSV感染可以通过其F蛋白来刺激气道上皮细胞表达TSLP,p38和JNK信号通路参与到该过程中,这可能是RSV感染诱导或加重哮喘气道炎症的一个重要原因.     

Giant mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm mimicking mediastinal mass: A case report and brief review of the literature

Bronchial artery aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm is a rare but life-threatening diagnosis due to catastrophic complications from rupture. Prompt detection and management is key to prevent complications. CT angiogram and digital subtraction angiography are preferred diagnostic imaging modalities. Being very uncommon, these entities can be misdiagnosed as a nonspecific mediastinal soft tissue mass, which can lead to delay in diagnosis and inappropriate or delayed management. We present a case of 72-year-old woman with incidentally detected large bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm, incorrectly classified as mediastinal malignancy at outside facility, receiving follow-up exams for 2 years, before correct diagnosis and management.     

不同控制水平哮喘患儿血清25(OH)D3、CC16水平和FeNO的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨不同控制水平哮喘患儿血清25-羟维生素D3[25(OH)D3]、Clara细胞分泌蛋白16(CC16)水平和呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)的临床意义.方法 选取郑州大学附属儿童医院106例哮喘患儿为研究对象,依据哮喘控制水平分级标准分为良好控制组、部分控制组及未控制组.选取同期该院50例健康体检儿童为对照组.采用...