骨髓基质细胞与玻璃陶瓷复合培养体内成骨的实验研究

目的 观察骨髓基质细胞（BMSC）与钙磷陶瓷（BGC）复合后形成骨组织的生物学机制,为形成组织工程化新生骨组织提供理论依据。方法 将BMSC与BGC复合植入动物体内后进行大体观察、组织学染色,观察其成骨过程。结果 一定浓度的BMSC与BGC复合植入动物体内可产生成熟新生骨组织,其成骨过程与局部血运、材料孔隙、孔径有关。结论 利用组织工程学方法可以形成新生骨组织,为进一步研究组织工程化新生组织的体内移植手段和方法提供了新的思路和可能。     

滋阴泻火中药为主对改善性早熟儿童骨骼发育作用及机理的探讨

对女性特发性性早熟患儿50例采用滋阴泻火中药与甲地孕酮联合治疗,32例单纯使用甲地孕酮治疗,对照组25例不用药物治疗。对照组于1年后骨龄差/年龄差值从1.39±0.24上升为1.54±0.20(P<0.01),最终身高预测值从154.2±5.3cm下降至149.4±4.8cm(P<0.01)。单纯使用甲地孕酮治疗,对患儿骨龄提前及最终身高预测值下降趋势无明显影响。而联合治疗的患儿生长速率减慢,△BA/△CA值从1.36±0.19下降为0.65±0.16(P<0.001),最终身高的预测值从153.6±3.8cm增加至158.8±4.4cm(P<0.01)。研究结果表明,滋阴泻火中药可明显减慢性早熟儿童的骨骼生长,延缓其骨骼成熟,从而防止骨骺过早融合并改善最终身高。     

THE LATE EFFECTS ON BONE MARROWS IN MICE AFTER TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION BY P(35) BE FAST NEUTRONS AND γ RAYS

Thebonemarrowisadose-limitingcellre11ewaltissueforwide-fieldirradiation,inspiteofbothearlyandlateperiodaftertheradiotherapy.Thedamageofthehernatopoieticstemcellandmicroenvironmentofthebonemarrowcanbefoundafterirradiationandthelong-termmyelosuppressioncanalsoberesuItedinwhenwide-fieldirradiationisused.It'sveryimportantforfurtherclinicaltherapytounderstandthcIateeffectsonbonemarrowsafterwide-fieldortotalbodyirradiation.Inthispaperthelateeffectsonbonemarrowsinmiceaftertotalbodyirracliationwithsi…     

~(153)Sm-乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸对 Walker 256癌荷瘤大鼠骨侵袭骨溶解的抑制作用

目的研究１５３Ｓｍ－乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸（１５３Ｓｍ－ＥＤＴＭＰ）对荷瘤大鼠骨侵袭、骨溶解的抑制作用。方法运用Ｘ线骨骼照片和胫骨病理切片，观察Ｗａｌｋｅｒ２５６癌大鼠模型的肿瘤骨侵袭和骨溶解情况。结果荷瘤大鼠静脉注射１５３Ｓｍ－ＥＤＴＭＰ７４，１４８ＭＢｇ／ｋｇ后，遭受Ｗａｌｋｅｒ２５６癌侵袭及发生骨溶解的胫骨数减少近一半，３７ＭＢｇ／ｋｇ组对癌的骨侵袭和骨溶解仍有抑制作用。但各组大鼠的移植瘤重量没有差异。结论１５３Ｓｍ－ＥＤＴＭＰ能抑制Ｗａｌｋｅｒ癌模型大鼠骨侵袭和骨溶解，但对移植瘤生长无抑制作用，故其抗癌骨侵袭、骨溶解的作用不是通过抑制动物移植瘤生长来实现的。     

骨膦在肿瘤性骨转移综合治疗中的作用

我院１９９３．２－１９９５．１０用骨膦治疗骨转移癌３２例，以评价骨膦在肿瘤骨转移综合治疗中的作用。其中肺癌１７例，乳腺癌１１例，鼻咽癌３例，肝癌１例。３２例经骨膦治疗后止痛总的有效率为８１．２５％，其中ＣＲ８例（２５％），ＰＲ１０例（３１．２５％），ＭＲ８例（２５％）。与治疗前相比，有明显疗效。有效患者的Ｋａｒｎｏｆｓｋｙ状况分级法分别提高２０－４０分，由于治疗后患者疼痛减轻，症状缓解，生存质量得到明显提高。我们认为骨膦联合放疗对控制广泛骨转移性骨痛，提高晚期肿瘤患者生存质量有实际意义。     

IL—6抗化疗药所致血细胞和巨噬细胞功能减低效应的观察

将5-氟脲嘧啶（5－Fu125mg／kg）为化疗组；注入小鼠后5h后再给IL－6（10000U／0．5ml每日1次）为IL－6组；给生理盐水为阴性对照组。第1、3、5、7天后，阴性对照组血白细胞、血小板数值无明显变化，化疗组则呈明显下降趋势，应用IL－6后在第3天以后白细胞下降趋势略小于化疗组，血小板下降明显小于化疗组。化疗组巨噬细胞吞噬率（％）和指数明显下降，应用IL－6后则升高，并发现脾组织红髓中大量巨噬细胞增生，白髓中大量淋巴细胞及母细胞聚集。说明IL－6可促进受抑制造血和免疫机能恢复。     

带肌蒂腓骨段转位治疗膝部肿瘤切除后骨缺损

自1993年以来，应用带同侧比目鱼肌或股二头肌蒂腓骨段转位，治疗股骨下端、胫骨上端肿瘤切除后骨缺损6例。除1例近期手术者外，其余5例随访4～29个月，中位18个月，全部骨愈合。除1例受区为灭活骨外，其余4例在术后8周均见大量骨痂生长。这种骨连接的速度与不带血供的移植骨无法比拟。本法的优点是：转位的腓骨营养丰富，操作简单，便于推广，但使用范围尚有一定限制。     

Bone marrow micrometastases in 109 breast cancer patients: Correlations with clinical and pathological features and prognosis

Background: The presence in bone marrow of cells which react with monoclonal antibodies against tumor-associated antigens has been proposed over the last few years as a new prognostic factor in breast cancer patients. Patients and methods: Bone marrow aspirates were obtained from 109 stage I and II breast cancer patients during or 2–4 weeks after primary surgery. The samples were processed for leukocyte separation on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient and then used to prepare cytospin slides for immunocytochemical analysis. The slides were stained with a pool of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) which recognize tumor associated antigens, using the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase method. The median follow-up was 36 months (range 15–62); 22 patients relapsed and 7 died. Results: Thirty-four of the 109 patients (31.1%) had MoAb positive bone marrow cells. The bone marrow was positive in 28/74 (37.9%) patients who had the aspirate taken during surgery and in 6/35 (17.1%) who had it taken after surgery (p = 0.055). No association was found between bone marrow positivity and tumour size, nodal status, menopausal status, estrogen receptor positivity or the proliferative index. No association was found between bone marrow and prognosis: the log-rank test was 0.291 (p > 0.5) for OS and 0.023 for DFS; the hazard ratio (positive vs negative) was 1.51 for OS (95% CI: 0.33–6.86) and 0.93 for DFS (95% CI: 0.35–2.45). Conclusions: In our series, bone marrow positivity did not correlate with prognostic parameters or prognosis. Of interest is the relative excess of positivity when the bone marrow was obtained during surgery.     

骨宝对正常大鼠骨组织形态学影响的定量研究

分别用５、１５ｇ／ｋｇ的骨宝给３月龄ＳＤ大鼠灌胃、每周６次，１８０ｄ。不脱钙骨制片，用图象定量法，测量大鼠胫骨近有小梁。结果：高剂量骨宝组与对照组比较，骨吸收减少３１％，骨面积增中３９％。     

Retrospective analysis of clonality and detection of residual disease in myeloid leukemia by FISH on long-term stored bone marrow smears

Abstract Background. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has allowed the detection of numerical chromosomal aberrations in interphase nuclei on fresh or frozen smears of leukemia.
Methods. To analyze clonality and residual disease in myeloid leukemia retrospectively, we applied FISH to bone marrow smears stored at ambient temperature for up to 9 years.
Results: When hybridization efficiency was investigated on stored control smears from patients without hematological malignancy, more than 96% of nuclei showed the expected number of signals using DNA probes specific for chromosome 7, X or Y. In combination with cell morphology, we observed much higher hybridization efficiency in blasts and granulomonocytic cells compared with lymphoid and erythroid cells. On the basis of good hybridization efficiency for old smear specimens, we applied FISH to stored bone marrow smears of myeloid leukemias, in which either loss of chromosome 7 or loss of sex chromosomes had been verified previously by conventional cytogenetics (one patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and four with acute myeloid leukemia (AML; three M2 and one M7)). As a result, the loss of chromosome was detected in blasts from all patients and was observed in mature granulocytes, except in M7. In the CMML patient and one AML (M2) patient with t(8;21), lymphoid and erythroid cells also showed the loss of chromosomes, suggesting that it should occur at stem-cell level. A high amount of residual disease was detected in the morphological remission samples in one AML (M2) patient after induction therapy. The patient eventually succumbed to relapse.
Conclusion Thus, the present FISH technique is useful to analyze the clinical significance of clonality and the residual disease in myeloid leukemia, retrospectively.