Dietary Patterns in Runners with Gastrointestinal Disorders

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and reflux frequently experience gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS), potentially enhanced by high-intensity running. Food avoidances, food choices, and GIS in runners with IBS/IBD (n = 53) and reflux (n = 37) were evaluated using a reliability and validity tested questionnaire. Comparisons to a control group of runners (n = 375) were made using a Fisher’s Exact test. Runners with IBS/IBD experienced the greatest amount of exercise-induced GIS followed by those with reflux. Commonly reported GIS were stomach pain/cramps (77%; 53%), bloating (52%; 50%), intestinal pain/cramps (58%; 33%), and diarrhea (58%; 39%) in IBS/IBD and reflux groups respectively. In the pre-race meal, those with IBS/IBD frequently avoided milk products (53%), legumes (37%), and meat (31%); whereas, runners with reflux avoided milk (38%), meat (36%), and high-fibre foods (33%). When considering food choices pre-race, runners with IBS/IBD chose grains containing gluten (40%), high fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAP) fruits (38%), and water (38%). Runners with reflux chose water (51%), grains containing gluten (37%), and eggs (31%). In conclusion, while many runners with IBS/IBD and reflux are avoiding trigger foods in their pre-race meals, they are also consuming potentially aggravating foods, suggesting nutrition advice may be warranted.     

ABCB4基因突变合并巨细胞病毒感染致婴儿胆汁淤积症的诊治分析并文献复习

目的探讨ABCB4基因突变合并巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染致婴儿胆汁淤积症(IC)患儿的临床特征、基因检测结果和诊治方案。 方法选择2019年8月3日,于中山大学附属第七医院就诊并确诊为ABCB4基因突变合并CMV感染致IC的1例婴儿(女性,生后9个月)为研究对象。回顾性分析其临床病例资料,包括临床特征、实验室检查结果及基因检测结果。同时,检索国内外数据库中ABCB4基因突变所致IC患儿的相关文献,并进行文献复习。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年新修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。 结果本例IC患儿在本院诊治结果如下。①病史采集：系G₂P₂,足月顺产,外观无异常,否认新生儿黄疸病史,生后2个月龄时出现皮肤及巩膜呈暗绿色,伴反复呕奶,当地医院治疗并诊断为胆汁淤积性肝病、CMV感染和泌尿系统感染,抗病毒治疗2周后好转出院。出院时,其血清总胆汁酸(sTBA)为152.8 μmol/L,CMV-DNA<4×10² copies/mL,口服熊去氧胆酸胶囊10 mg/(kg·d)治疗后,皮肤暗绿色逐渐消退,大、小便正常。出院后定期监测肝功能,sTBA、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)仍然较正常值增高。②实验室检查：血清CMV免疫球蛋白(Ig)G抗体呈阳性、CMV IgM抗体呈阴性,CMV-DNA<55×10² copies/mL。基因检测结果：患儿及其父亲均携带ABCB4基因杂合变异。治疗结果：经口服熊去氧胆酸胶囊10 mg/(kg·d)及谷胱甘肽片0.1 g/次× 3次/d治疗后,对患儿定期复查sTBA、GGT。随访到18个月龄时,其各项指标逐渐恢复正常范围。③文献复习结果：共计检索到8篇国内外报道的因ABCB4基因突变引起IC相关文献,纳入14例IC患儿,均被诊断为进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积3型(PFIC3),伴肝大,sTBA、GGT水平升高等。14例IC患儿中,共检测到ABCB4基因突变位点20个。其中,9例IC患儿接受熊去氧胆酸治疗,7例随访结果显示临床症状及实验室检查指标有所好转。 结论携带ABCB4基因突变,可引起IC。对于sTBA升高、肝酶异常的病因不明确、治疗效果不佳IC患儿,建议完善基因检测进一步排查ABCB4基因突变所致胆汁淤积症。     

健脾清热中药治疗Ⅰ型幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的研究

目的　研究健脾清热中药对Ⅰ型幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的疗效。方法　 10 0例Ⅰ型幽门螺杆菌感染的慢性胃炎患者随机分成 2组。研究组 (A组 ) 5 0例 ,服用健脾清热中药 (汤剂 ) 5 0ml 3 日 ,雷尼替丁 15 0mg 2 日 ;对照组(B组 ) 5 0例 ,口服甲硝唑 40 0mg 2 日 ,阿莫西林 10 0 0mg 2 日 ,雷尼替丁 15 0mg2 日 ,疗程均为 2周。停药 4周后给予1 4　C -UBT试验。结果　临床症状缓解率A组高于B组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,HP的根除率两组间不存在显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而A组产生的治疗副作用少。结论　健脾清热中药外加雷尼替丁是一种根除Ⅰ型幽门螺杆菌和缓解慢性胃炎症状的有效组合。     

血清总胆汁酸检测在肝炎后肝硬化中的意义

目的：评估血清总胆汁酸（TBA）检测在肝炎后肝硬化诊断及判定预后中的意义。方法：将79例肝硬化患者根据Child Puph分级分3组,比较各组间血清TBA、TBil等值的差异及相关性,经治疗2月后再次Child Puph评分,根据不同预后（好转、恶化包括死亡）分组比较TBA等值。结果：肝炎后肝硬化患者血清TBA异常率高,值随Child分极而递增,预后较好组TBA值较低。讨论：血清TBA值能较特异地反应肝脏摄取、合成功能和分泌状态,在肝硬化诊断及判断预后中有一定的临床意义。     

MRCP诊断梗阻性黄疸的价值评价

目的：探讨共振胆胰管成像（MRCP）在梗阻性黄疸定位、定性诊断中的应用价值。方法：采用重T2加权TSE序列采集、MIP法三重建,并与US、CT、ERCP／PTC及手术和病理相对照。结果：MRCP定位诊断准确率达100％,优于US（P＜0．05）,与CT、ERCP／TPC无显著差异;MRCP结合常规MRI定性诊断准确率达89．7％,优于US（P＜0．025）,与CT、ERCP／PIC无显著差异。结论：MRCP安全、简便、无创伤,在梗阻性黄疸的定位、定性诊断上具有很高的敏感性、准确性,是诊断性ERCP／PTC的有效替代方法。     

Cag A Hp抗体测定与消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎的关系

目的 :探讨幽门螺杆菌细胞毒素相关基因蛋白 (CagA)抗体与消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎的关系。方法 :对132例消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎Hp幽门螺杆菌阳性的 118例病例 ,用ELISA方法进行CagA抗体检测。结果 :10 9例消化性溃疡中 ,CagA抗体阳性 90例 ,阳性率 82 .6 % ;9例慢性胃炎中 ,CagA抗体阳性 5例 ,阳性率 5 5 .6 %。消化性溃疡组CagA阳性率明显高于慢性胃炎组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :CagA抗体检测在消化性溃疡中有一定意义     

穴注法对大鼠慢性萎缩性胃炎胃粘液屏障的影响

目的 观察穴位注射对大鼠不同程度慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）时胃粘液屏障的影响。方法 以不同浓度的N－甲基－N－硝基亚硝基胍（MNNG）复制出不同程度的大鼠CAG模型。在成功造模的基础上,以黄芪注射液与当归注射液乘发混合穴注足三里对其进行治疗,观察其对CAG病变情况及胃粘膜氨基乙糖与磷脂值的影响。结果 胃粘膜损伤指数、萎缩、肠化、异型增生或两者合见者随着造模浓度的增加而增加,穴注组可明显改善胃粘膜损伤指数及治疗相关病变（P均＜0.01）;随着造模浓度的增加,胃粘膜氨基乙糖及磷脂值显著下降,而穴注组可明显提高这两项指标（（P匀＜0.01）;胃粘膜损伤指数与氨基乙糖及磷脂值呈负相关（P均＜0.010。结论 随着CAG程度的加重,胃粘膜氨基乙糖及磷脂值明显下降,胃粘液屏障功能受损。穴注法可明显提高胃粘膜氨基乙糖及磷脂值,通过加固胃粘液屏障,以防止CAG。     

慢性萎缩性胃炎的中医药治疗概况

通过对近年来中医药治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）文献的综述,表明中医药采用多种方法治疗CAG,包括辨证分型,专方专地,针灸,穴位注射等,均取得了较好疗效,体现出中医药治疗CAG的独特优势。     

胃幽门螺杆菌与胃粘膜疾病的临床病理研究

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染与胃炎、消化性溃疡、肠化生及胃癌的关系.方法对6318例胃粘膜活检病理切片进行Giemsa、AB(pH2.5)-PAS、HID-AB(pH2.5)染色和肠化生分型.结果HP感染与慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃及十二指肠溃疡、肠化生和胃癌显著相关(P＜0.001),与肠化生类型无显著关系(P＞0.05),与胃癌分型无关.结论HP感染与胃炎、消化性溃疡、肠化生及胃癌有相关性.     

Is barium esophagram enough? Comparison of esophageal motility found on barium esophagram to high resolution manometry

BackgroundThe aim of the study is to determine if barium esophagram (BE) alone is sufficient to diagnose esophageal dysmotility when compared to the gold standard, high-resolution manometry (HRM).MethodsThis is a retrospective review of patients that underwent laparoscopic fundoplication by two surgeons at a single institution from 10/1/2015-6/29/2019. Patients with large paraesophageal hernias and patients without both BE and HRM were excluded.ResultsForty-six patients met the inclusion criteria. BE was found to be concordant with HRM for esophageal motility in only 21 patients (46%). Setting HRM as the gold standard, BE had a sensitivity of 14% (95% CI: 5%–35%), specificity of 72% (95% CI: 52%–86%), PPV of 30% (95% CI: 11%–60%), and NPV of 50% (95% CI: 35%–66%). The accuracy was 46%, while a McNemar test showed p = 0.028.ConclusionTraditional BE should not be used in place of HRM for assessing pre-operative motility in patients undergoing anti-reflux surgery.