植物性抗炎药治疗骨关节炎的研究

近年有关植物性抗炎药的研究日益增多。植物沟果草及柳皮的提取物,主要成分为玄参苷和水杨苷,具有抗炎、镇痛作用且副作用小、价格低廉等优点,被认为是治疗骨关节炎及慢性疼痛的可选药物。     

Extraction of flavonoid compounds from bark using sustainable deep eutectic solvents

The use of green solvents in extraction processes, especially for applications of lignocellulosic biomass, has been extensively studied over the last years. Among the range of different green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DES) show promising results for extraction processes. Therefore, the aim of this work was the use of DES as additives in aqueous mixtures for the selective extraction of flavonoid compounds from the bark of Larix decidua. For this purpose, bark has been treated using different solvent ratios consisting of a DES/H₂O mixture (0, 25, 50 and 75 wt%). Two DES were studied, choline chloride:urea and choline chloride:1,4-butanediol. In order to study the success of the extractions, the extracts and the remaining solid fraction were characterised. From the results, it was concluded that the choline chloride:1,4-butanediol (75 wt%) gave the best results, obtaining the richest extracts in flavonoids (383 mg CE/g dried bark extract), as well as those with the highest antioxidant capacity. These good results confirm the capacity of this DES to obtain active biomolecules for further application.     

HPLC法测定川桐皮中常春藤皂苷元的含量

目的 采用HPLC法测定川桐皮中常春藤皂苷元的含量.方法 色谱柱为Welch MaterialsXB-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液(68:32),流速为1.0 mL/min;柱温:40℃;检测波长为210nm.结果 常春藤皂苷元在进样量为0.693 4～3.467 0...     

Non-taxane compounds from the bark of Taxus yunnanensis

From the bark of Taxus yunnanensis , 15 non-taxane compounds were isolated. Through spectroscopic methods such as 1D and 2D NMR and MS experiments, one of them was determined as a new abietane-type diterpenoid named taxayunnin ( 1 ). The other 14 known compounds were identified as taxamairin C ( 2 ), taxamairin A ( 3 ), 3 g -hydroxy-sandaracopimaric acid ( 4 ), (+)-3-hydroxy-isodrimenin ( 5 ), rubrosterone ( 6 ), ponasterone A ( 7 ), ecdysterone ( 8 ), 20-hydroxy-echysone-20,22-monoacetonide ( 9 ), 7-oxositosterol ( 10 ), stigmast-4-en-6 g -ol-3-one ( 11 ), 5 f ,6 g -dihydroxy-daucosterol ( 12 ), g -sitosterol ( 13 ), daucosterol ( 14 ), 1- O - g - d -glucopyranosyl-(2 S , 3 R , 4 E , 8 Z )-2- N -(2'-hydroxypalmitoyl)-octadeca-sphinga-4,8-dienine ( 15 ), respectively. Compounds 4 - 6 , 9 - 12 and 15 were isolated from Taxus plants for the first time.     

浙江产竹叶椒枝皮挥发油化学成分的研究

［摘要］目的研究浙江产竹叶椒枝皮挥发油的化学成分。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取浙江产竹叶椒枝皮挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC MS)进行定性分析,按峰面积归一化法,求出挥发油中化学成分的百分含量。结果共鉴定出13个化合物,主要成分为甲壬酮(34.78%),其次为十三酮（10.94%）、乙烯基癸酸（9.43%）和α 红没药醇（7.41%）。结论浙江产竹叶椒枝皮富含甲壬酮,有一定开发价值。     

Antimicrobial properties of stem bark extracts from Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Excell

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The plants of the genus Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) are widely distributed in most tropical and subtropical countries, and have long been used in folk medicine to treat several diseases. Particularly, Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Excell, commonly called “mbolongo” in Cameroon, is used by pygmies baka as a remedy for tetanus and wound infections.

Aim of the study

To investigate the antimicrobial properties of Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Excell (family Euphorbiaceae) stem bark used in Cameroon by baka pygmies as a remedy for wound healing and tetanus.

Materials and methods

Aqueous and methanol extracts with and without defatting treatment, were prepared and their activity against Clostridium sporogenes ATCC 3584, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, was evaluated on the basis of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal-fungicidal concentration (MBC-MFC) by the macrodilution method.

Results

Water extract showed a weak activity against Clostridium sporogenes (MIC 900 μg/mL) and resulted inactive at the tested concentrations against all the other microorganisms. The defatted methanol extract, inactive against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, exhibited a very interesting activity against Clostridium sporogenes and Streptococcus pyogenes (MIC 100 μg/mL and 300 μg/mL, respectively), which seems to validate the use of this plant in pygmies traditional medicine for the treatment of tetanus and wound infections. The activity found against Streptococcus mutans (300 μg/mL), aetiological agent of caries, may suggest a possible use of this plant as natural remedy to prevent dental diseases.

Conclusions

The activity against streptococci and Clostridium sporogenes ATCC 3584, showed by stem bark extracts of Phyllanthus muellerianus, traditionally used by baka pygmies to treat wound infections and tetanus, is reported for the first time.     

核桃楸皮水提物的急性毒理研究

目的：通过中药核桃楸（Juglans Mandshurica Maxim.）树皮水提物对小鼠的急性毒性实验,确定核桃楸皮水提物的毒理反应。方法：以最大浓度最大容量灌胃给药,12h内给药3次,连续观察7d,详细观察记录小鼠体征并检测血液指标情况。结果：全部动物健存,无中毒反应。结论：核桃楸皮水提物无明显急性毒理反应。     

宝华玉兰树皮挥发性化学成分的GC-MS分析

目的分离鉴定宝华玉兰（Magnolia zenii.）树皮的挥发性成分。方法采用气-质联用（GC-MS）技术,应用峰面积归一化法测定各组分的相对含量。结果气相色谱共分离出85个色谱峰,鉴定出其中50种化合物,占该挥发性成分总量的75.26%。结论宝华玉兰树皮的挥发性成分以3,3α,4,7,8,8α-6氢-7-甲基-3-亚甲基-6-（3-氧代丁基）-2氢-环庚[b]呋喃-2-酮（26.33%）、9,12-蓖麻醇酸乙酯（14.93%）、1,2-双[1-（2-羟乙基）-3,6-二氮杂高金刚烷型-烯-9]肼（12.37%）为主,此外,还有棕榈酸及其衍生物（7.55%）、其他各种烯、不饱和醇、不饱和酸、不饱和酮、不饱和酯类等成分。通过对宝华玉兰树皮挥发性化学成分的分析鉴定,为进一步开发利用其药用资源提供科学依据。     

核桃楸皮甲醇提取物对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖活性的影响

目的 研究核桃楸皮甲醇提取物对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖活性的影响及相关机制.方法 体外培养SGC-7901细胞,并用不同浓度核桃楸皮甲醇提取物进行处理.通过MTT法研究核桃楸皮甲醇提取物对SGC-7901细胞增殖活性的影响;采用流式细胞仪分析核桃楸皮甲醇提取物对SGC-7901细胞周期的影响,并且测量了Caspase-3的活性.结果 核桃楸皮甲醇提取物可以显著抑制SGC-7901细胞生长,具有时间和计量依赖性.与未经过核桃楸皮甲醇提取物处理的SGC-7901细胞相比,给药组的G2期细胞显著降低.核桃楸皮甲醇提取物将细胞阻滞在G1和S期,并具有剂量依赖性.不同浓度桃楸皮甲醇提取物可以显著提高SGC-7901细胞Caspase-3的活性.结论 桃楸皮甲醇提取物可以通过调节细胞周期分布和诱导细胞凋亡有效抑制SGC-7901细胞生长.     

超声提取松树皮中原花青素的工艺研究

目的系统研究以松树皮为原料提取原花青素的方法及工艺条件。方法采用超声波法,用水作为提取剂,从料液比、提取温度、提取时间、提取次数四个方面进行比较。在这些单因素试验的基础上,对超声处理条件进行正交试验。同时进行回流与索氏提取,与超声提取进行比较。结果影响原花青素得率的因素是:料液比>提取时间>提取温度>提取次数;超声提取>索氏提取>回流提取。结论超声波提取法的适宜提取条件为:料液比为1∶14,温度为50℃,提取时间为40 min,提取次数为2次,原花青素的得率最高。