中药熏洗配合手术治疗胫骨Pilon骨折60例

目的:观察中药熏洗联合锁定加压接骨板(Locking Compression Plate,LCP)内固定治疗胫骨Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法:选取2015年1月—2016年6月在本院住院治疗的胫骨Pilon骨折患者120例,随机分为对照组和观察组各60例。对照组60例给予锁定加压接骨板(Locking Compression Plate,LCP)内固定治疗。观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加用中药熏洗治疗,早期以消肿为主,中期下地活动后踝关节疼痛者以止痛为主,方选海桐皮汤加减,日1次。连续治疗4~6周,观察两组患者临床疗效及相关指标的变化。结果:观察组疗效明显优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后1月、3月、6月观察组踝关节功能均优于同期对照组(P0.01)。观察组骨折愈合明显快于对照组,有统计学差异(P0.01);观察组手术切口均I期愈合,未发生并发症,对照组2例患者发生切口感染,5例切口延迟愈合。观察组和对照组切口愈合情况比较有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:将中药熏洗联合锁定加压接骨板内固定用于Pilon骨折的治疗,可以提高临床疗效,改善患者踝关节功能,促进骨折和切口愈合,降低并发症发生率。     

Protective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Acacia ferruginea DC. against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

In traditional systems of medicine, stem bark of Acacia ferruginea DC. is used for the treatment of itching, leucoderma, ulcers, stomatitis and diseases of the blood. In the present study, we determined antioxidant and anti-ulcerogenic activities of Acacia ferruginea stem bark.

Materials and methods

Acetone extract and its sub-fractions of Acacia ferruginea stem bark were subjected to assess their antioxidant potential using various in vitro systems such as DPPH^•, ABTS^•+ scavenging, FRAP and phosphomolybdenum reduction activities. Based on the antioxidant potential, the ethyl acetate fraction was used to evaluate the protective effect of ethanol-induced gastric damage in rat model. Enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione, catalase and lipid peroxidation were also determined in the stomach tissues.

Results

Ethyl acetate fraction (AFE) of Acacia ferruginea stem bark registered higher antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities than the crude acetone extract and other fractions. In addition, AFE exhibited that the IC₅₀ values of DPPH (2.5 µg/ml) and ABTS (1.8 µg/ml) were lower when compared to the standard quercetin (12.4 µg/ml and 4.7 µg/ml, respectively). In ethanol induced gastric ulcer, administration of AFE at doses of 10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight prior to ethanol ingestion significantly protected the stomach ulceration. Consequently significant changes were observed in enzyme activities such as SOD, CAT, GSH and LPO in the stomach tissues when compared with ethanol control group.

Conclusion

It is concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction of Acacia ferruginea stem bark possessed higher antioxidant and anti-ulcerogenic activities. Based on the results, we suggest that Acacia ferruginea stem bark has potential to provide a therapeutic approach to ethanol mediated ulcer as an effective anti-ulcer agent.     

杨梅树皮中杨梅苷对照品制备及鉴定

目的：建立从杨梅树皮中制备杨梅苷对照品的方法。方法：采用聚酰胺柱层析和重结晶法对杨梅树皮甲醇提取物进行分离纯化,通过UV、IR、MS、1 H-NMR和13 C-NMR进行结构鉴定,通过TLC法和HPLC法对对照品进行纯度检测。结果：从杨梅树皮中分离纯化出的杨梅苷对照品质量分数〉98.0%。结论：该方法制备的杨梅苷对照品符合中药化学对照品的相关要求,可用于含黄酮类中药及其相关制剂的质量控制。     

地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲对老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者的临床疗效及对预后的影响

目的:探讨地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲对老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者的临床疗效以及对预后产生的影响。方法:选取2012年3月至2015年7月在沈阳军区总医院接受治疗的老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者70例作为本次研究对象,采用随机数表法将他们分为治疗组和对照组各35例,对照组患者给予地黄杜仲汤治疗,治疗组患者给予地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲治疗,比较2组患者治疗后的临床疗效、生存率以及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,治疗组患者的总缓解率为94.28%高于对照组68.57%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者治疗后的≥6年生存率为80.00%,对照组为34.28%,治疗组高于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者治疗后出现恶心呕吐、白细胞低、肾功能异常以及肝功能异常等不良反应的发生率明显低于对照组患者,2组患者进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲治疗老年慢性粒细胞白血病临床效果显著,降低不良反应,延长患者的生存期。     

黄柏中微量元素的形态分析

采用煎煮法对黄柏进行提取,分别使用微孔滤膜分离提取液中的可溶态,使用阳离子交换树脂对可溶态中的游离态和非游离态进行分离,使用大孔吸附树脂对可溶态中的有机态和无机态进行分离。采用ICPOES测定不同形态中Zn、Fe、Mn、Mg、Ca、Cu和Al 7种元素的含量。结果显示各元素的总提取率在2.657%~56.95%之间,浸留比在2.783%~77.50%之间,可溶态中大部分元素以游离态和无机态形式存在。     

Inhibitory Effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark on Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Deficits in Mice

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark (EUE) is commonly used for the treatment of hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, lumbago, and ischialgia as well as to promote longevity. In this study, we tested the effects of EUE aqueous extract in graded doses to protect and enhance cognition in scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments in mice. EUE significantly improved the impairment of short-term or working memory induced by scopolamine in the Y-maze and significantly reversed learning and memory deficits in mice as measured by the passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests. One day after the last trial session of the Morris water maze test (probe trial session), EUE dramatically increased the latency time in the target quadrant in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, EUE significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) activities in the hippocampus and frontal cortex in a dose-dependent manner. EUE also markedly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylation of cAMP element binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampus of scopolamine-induced mice. Based on these findings, we suggest that EUE may be useful for the treatment of cognitive deficits, and that the beneficial effects of EUE are mediated, in part, by cholinergic signaling enhancement and/or protection.     

中药肉桂的化学成分研究

目的:对中药肉桂(Cinmamomum cassia Presl)的化学成分进行研究。方法:采用正、反相硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱及半制备液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,利用波谱解析结合理化性质鉴定化合物结构。结果:分别鉴定为1):(-)开环异落叶松脂醇,2):(-)异落叶松脂素,3):Erythro-1-C-syringylglycerol,4):2-甲基-3,5-羟基色酮,5):浙贝素,6):松柏醛,7):肉桂酸。结论:其中1~3为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物4~5为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

异叶梁王茶化学成分的研究

从异叶梁王茶甲醇提取物中分离出八种五环三萜皂甙单体A_4,A_7,A_9,D_1,S_2,S_3,S_5、S_6。经IR、MS、1D-NMR、2D-NMR以及化学方法确定了前六种五环三萜皂甙的结构。这六种三萜皂甙均为首次从植物界中分离出的新化合物。     

一种基于改进谱减法的电子耳蜗语音增强算法

在背景噪声存在的情况下,电子耳蜗(cochlear implant,CI)的性能会受到严重影响,而传统谱减语音增强算法不能有效去除电子耳蜗中的各种非平稳噪声。为了进一步提高电子耳蜗使用者的听觉感知能力,本文提出了一种改进的谱减算法,其将带噪语音信号的功率谱进行Bark分带,在有声帧的每个子带内按照最小统计量控制递归平均方法进行噪声估计,并自适应地调节谱减参数。将该算法应用到电子耳蜗的前端预处理并仿真电子耳蜗合成声音。结果表明:相比传统的谱减法,该算法能够进一步提高合成语音的清晰度和可懂度。     

Antioxidant activity relates to plant part, life form and growing condition in some diabetes remedies

Selection, collection and preparation of 35 plant species used by traditional healers in the boreal regions of Canada for treatment of the symptoms of diabetes were supported empirically by antioxidant activity of the plants. Because antioxidants fluctuate with growth parameters and environmental factors, these remedies were evaluated in relation to the affect of plant part, life form and growing condition on the level of activity. The parts used here more frequently as medicines were roots and bark. Activity (IC(50)) of the bark extracts used medicinally averaged to 21.38+/-3.84 ppm while root extracts used medicinally had an IC(50) of 185.11+/-32.18 ppm in a free radical DPPH assay. In contrast the analysis of extracts of overall parts (medicinal or not) in these species found leaves and bark to have the least activity (112.22+/-30.63 ppm and 123.02+/-21.13 ppm, respectively). The highest activity was found in tree extracts (24.88+/-3.32 ppm) as compared to herbs and shrubs, and increased activity was found in plant extracts from growing conditions of decreased water/fertility. The antioxidant activity of these traditional plant remedies have the potential to be partially deduced through environment signals interpreted by the traditional herbalist.