心理护理对改善四肢骨折患者不良情绪及生活质量的效果评价

目的探讨心理护理对改善四肢骨折患者不良情绪状态及生活质量的效果。方法随机将120例四肢骨折患者分为观察组和对照组,各60例。对照组患者的护理均采取常规骨科手术护理,不实施任何心理护理;观察组在常规骨科手术护理的基础上术后连续3～5d进行有针对性的心理沟通,其主要措施包括评估患者心理状态、创造舒适环境、针对性心理辅导等。比较两组患者的焦虑（SAS）、抑郁（SDS）、SF-36评分情况及出院前的护理服务满意度调查结果。结果观察组经治疗后SAS、SDS评分均有明显降低,且较对照组差异具有显著性,观察组SF-36评分明显高于对照组。观察组患者护理服务满意度为95％,显著高于对照组的78．33％。结论对四肢骨折患者实施心理护理,可以有效改善患者的不良情绪状态及生活质量。     

铜陵市3~6岁儿童口腔不良习惯调查分析

目的 了解铜陵市3~6岁儿童口腔不良习惯的发生情况。方法 采用整群抽样法,随机抽取铜陵市城区3243名3~6岁在园儿童,利用自行设计的调查问卷,对儿童家长进行口腔不良习惯的调查。结果 3243名3~6岁儿童中,有口腔不良习惯的儿童2147人,发生率66.2%;具有3项或3项以上口腔不良习惯121人,发生率3.73%。在各个分项中,以夜间磨牙的儿童872人最多,占26.88%;其次咬物(指甲、铅笔等)的儿童814人,占25.10%。结论 铜陵市3~6岁儿童多数有口腔不良习惯,且随着年龄的增长口腔不良习惯发生率增高。应加强儿童卫生健康教育及干预,帮助孩子养成良好的口腔习惯。     

The serine-threonine kinase p90RSK is a new target of enzastaurin in follicular lymphoma cells

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

Follicular lymphoma is the second most common non-Hodgkin''s lymphoma and, despite the introduction of rituximab for its treatment, this disease is still considered incurable. Besides genetic alterations involving Bcl-2, Bcl-6 or c-Myc, follicular lymphoma cells often display altered B-cell receptor signalling pathways including overactive PKC and PI3K/Akt systems.

EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

The effect of enzastaurin, an inhibitor of PKC, was evaluated both in vitro on follicular lymphoma cell lines and in vivo on a xenograft murine model. Using pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA transfection, we determined the different signalling pathways after enzastaurin treatment.

KEY RESULTS

Enzastaurin inhibited the serine-threonine kinase p90RSK which has downstream effects on GSK3β. Bad and p70S6K. These signalling proteins control follicular lymphoma cell survival and apoptosis; which accounted for the inhibition by enzastaurin of cell survival and its induction of apoptosis of follicular lymphoma cell lines in vitro. Importantly, these results were replicated in vivo where enzastaurin inhibited the growth of follicular lymphoma xenografts in mice.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

The targeting of p90RSK by enzastaurin represents a new therapeutic option for the treatment of follicular lymphoma.     

Bad在正常人角膜上皮细胞中表达的免疫组化研究

目的 探讨正常人角膜上皮中Bad蛋白的表达状况。方法 用免疫组化的方法（SP）观察8例Bad在正常成人角膜组织中的表达状态。结果 正常人角膜上皮表层细胞、角膜上皮基底细胞，包括角膜缘基底细胞中均有Bad表达，中央及周边部角膜上皮表层细胞Bad表达量无明显区别，角膜上皮表层和基底细胞间的绝大多数有丝分裂后仅部分细菌有Bad表达。结论 Bad参与了正常角膜上皮细胞的自我更新过程，可能具有促进角膜上皮细胞凋亡的作用。如能抑制Bad基因的表达可能会在一定程度上延缓角膜上皮的脱落，加速角膜上皮损伤后的修复及维持正常角膜上皮的完整与稳定。     

2000-2003年住院病人胃癌相关危险因素研究

目的了解住院胃癌病人饮食习惯、疾病史、不良嗜好等因素与胃癌危险性的关系。方法收集黑龙江省肿瘤医院2000--2003年经病理诊断的胃癌病人，共209例，进行病例对照研究。应用非条件logistic回归分析。结果吸烟、饮酒增加胃癌危险性。胃慢性疾病史、不良饮食习惯、嗜成与胃癌关系密切。情绪较差、性情急躁胃癌危险增加250％（OR=3．50，95％CI=1．95-6．24）。近年精神压抑可增加胃癌危险466％（OR=5．66，95％CI=3．68-8．94）。多食用葱、蒜类食品可降低胃癌危险性48．9％。结论胃慢性疾病史、不良饮食习惯及某些精神神经因素，肿瘤家族史等与胃癌有明显关系。多食用葱蒜类食品对胃癌的发生有保护作用。     

Bad trip due to anticholinergic effect of cannabis

Cannabis in its various forms has been known since time immemorial, the use of which has been rising steadily in India. ‘Bad trips’ have been documented after cannabis use, manifestations ranging from vague anxiety and fear to profoundly disturbing states of terror and psychosis. Cannabis is known to affect various neurotransmitters, but ‘bad trip’ due to its anticholinergic effect has never been described in literature to the best of author's knowledge. Hereby, the author describes a case of a young adult male experiencing profound anticholinergic effects after being exposed for the first time in his life to bhang, a local oral preparation of cannabis.     

网瘾患者人格障碍的康复模式研究

目的 探讨改善网瘾患者人格障碍的有效措施,重建其健康人格,提高社会适应能力.方法 60例网瘾患者随机分为观察组(32例)和对照组(28例).两组均按常规药物治疗,对照组给予功能制护理,观察组给予8w的学校教育和医院护理管理相结合的矫治模式.两组采用卡氏16种人格量表(16PF)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行效果评定.结果治疗前两组16PF和SCL-90量表各因子分值无统计学差异(P＞0.05),治疗后观察组16PF和SCL-90量表各因子分值的改变均明显优于对照组(P＜0.01).结论学校教育和医院护理管理相结合的矫治模式能够有效地改善网瘾患者的人格障碍,提高他们的心理健康水平和社会适应能力.     

Risk factors for bad splits during sagittal split ramus osteotomy: a retrospective study of 964 cases

To identify the potential risk factors for bad splits, we calculated the incidence of bad splits from 484 patients with 964 cases of sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) and investigated the association between the occurrence of bad splits and risk factors such as gender, patients’ age, class of occlusion, unimaxillary or bimaxillary surgery, presence of the lower third molar, thickness of the ascending ramus, and the distance from the mandibular canal to the buccal cortical bone. The results showed that 40 sides (4.149%) with bad splits occurred in 36 patients (7.438%). The mean (SD) gap width from the canal to the buccal cortex for the bad split group, at 4.02 (1.20) mm, was narrower (p = 0.003; OR = 0.689; 95% CI = 0.538 to 0.882) than the normal split group 4.80 (1.72) mm. On the contrary, no statistical significance (p > 0.05) was detected between the patients with bad splits and those with normal splits for the other factors. In conclusion, SSRO patients with narrower distances from the mandibular canal to the buccal cortex were more prone to bad splits. More attention should be paid to patients with this risk factor during future surgeries.     

PTEN/PI3K信号转导途径与子宫内膜癌生物学行为的相关性

目的 :研究PTEN/PI3K信号转导途径与子宫内膜癌发生发展的关系。方法 :应用免疫组化和免疫印迹方法对 68例子宫内膜癌和癌前病变组织及 11例正常子宫内膜进行PTEN、p PKB及p Bad蛋白检测。结果 :1)PTEN蛋白的阳性表达率在正常增殖期子宫内膜组织中最高 ( 90 9% ) ,非典型增生组织中开始下降 ,在子宫内膜癌组织中明显降低 ( 4 9 1% ) ,三者之间比较 ,差异有统计学意义 ,P <0 0 1;2 )p PKB及p Bad与PTEN的阳性表达呈相反趋势 ,在非典型增生组织及内膜癌组织中p PBK及p Bad表达阳性率明显增加 ,差异均有统计学意义 ,P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5。在子宫内膜癌PTEN表达阴性组织中p PKB、p Bad蛋白染色积分均明显高于PTEN阳性组 ,P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1;3 )相关分析显示PTEN与p PKB及p Bad表达均呈负相关 ,r =-0 67,P <0 0 5 ;r =-0 65 ,P <0 0 5 ;4)PTEN、p Bad蛋白的阳性表达率在不同的临床分期、组织学分级及不同肌层浸润程度之间比较 ,差异均无统计学意义 ,P >0 0 5 ,而PTEN、p PKB只在临床分期间差异有统计学意义 ,P <0 0 5。结论 :PTEN/PI3K信号转导途径与子宫内膜癌的发生密切相关。伴随PTEN表达缺失 ,p PKB、p Bad阳性表达更加明显 ,提示PTEN蛋白表达可作为子宫内膜癌早期诊断指标和基因治疗靶点。     

Preventing hypoesthesia after a buccal plate fracture in a sagittal split procedure: A technical note

If during a sagittal split osteotomy a buccal plate fracture occurs, it inevitably results in a time-consuming procedure with, in many cases, hypoesthesia of the mental region as a consequence of manipulation of the inferior alveolar nerve. We would like to present a novel technique to solve a (threatening) buccal plate fracture that is quick and easy to perform, and has thus far not resulted in hypoesthesia.