Bone mineral density in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine

Bone mineral density (BMD) has not been clearly determined in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the cervical spine. BMD in patients with OPLL was measured in the third vertebral body in the lateral projection and in the distal part of the radius in the anteroposterior projection using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Patients with OPLL had significantly higher BMD than healthy controls in both the lumbar spine and radius. Observing BMD by gender and age group, high BMD was recognized especially in female patients over 60 years of age. Significantly increased BMD was observed in patients with ankylosing spinal hyperostosis (ASH) in addition to OPLL. These findings suggest that patients with OPLL may tend to develop systemic hyperostosis, leading to the pathological ectopic ossification observed in OPLL. Received: July 7, 1998 / Accepted: March 17, 1999     

骨立拮抗维甲酸所致大鼠骨质疏松的实验研究

目的　观察骨立对维甲酸所致骨质疏松大鼠的股骨骨密度、骨矿含量的影响。方法　采用ig维甲酸造成大鼠骨质疏松模型 ,使用骨立高、中、低 3种剂量分别进行治疗 ,观察其结果并与空白对照组和阳性对照药物组进行比较。结果　骨立 3个剂量治疗的骨质疏松大鼠的股骨骨密度和骨钙、骨磷含量均明显高于骨质疏松模型组大鼠 (P <0 .0 1或 0 .0 5 ) ,骨立高、中剂量组大鼠的尿钙排泄量明显低于骨质疏松模型组大鼠 (P <0 .0 1) ,其中以高剂量组疗效最佳。结论　骨立可明显提高骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度并升高其骨钙、骨磷的含量 ,降低尿钙排泄量 ,从而拮抗维甲酸所致的大鼠骨质疏松症。     

深圳市13∽15岁正常少年超声骨密度研究

目的 :了解深圳地区 13～ 15岁少年超声骨密度状况 ;建立该年龄段少年超声骨密度正常参考值。方法 :选择13～ 15岁深圳居住的正常少年 15 8例为检测对象 ,用定量超声骨密度仪 (QU S)测定受检者足跟部骨密度 (BMD)值 ,同时测量受检者体重、身高。结果 :13～ 15岁少年 BMD值 (g/ cm2 )分别为 13岁 :男性 0 .5 2 8± 0 .0 86、女性 0 .5 4 2± 0 .117,14岁 :男性 0 .4 87± 0 .0 79、女性 0 .5 0 8± 0 .10 8,15岁 :男性 0 .5 0 1± 0 .2 2 5、女性 0 .6 0 9± 0 .2 34。身高增长速度的快与慢和BMD变化有密切关系 ,体重与 BMD呈正相关 (r=0 .82 0 ,P<0 .0 1)。 13～ 15岁女孩 BMD值高于男孩 BMD值 ;女性有月经初潮者 BMD值高于无月经初潮者。二者之间比较 ,差异均有显著性 (r=0 .978,P<0 .0 0 1;r=0 .989,P<0 .0 0 1)。结论 :13～ 15岁少年足跟部 BMD与性别有关、与身高增长快慢亦有关系 ,体重、雌激素对 BMD有明显的影响 ,在此时期应加强改善营养 ,增加补钙等干预措施。     

女性腰椎骨密度随年龄的变化趋势研究

目的:探讨控制体重以及中心效应的影响后,我国女性腰椎骨密度随年龄的变化趋势。方法:根据研究资料的特点,采用一般线性模型,拟合我国女性腰椎骨密度的变化曲线。结果:年龄与女性腰椎骨密度呈3次回归曲线关系,在纳入协变量体重后,年龄多项式的系数发生了不同程度的改变,并且在控制中心效应后,模型拟合的效果有了进一步的提高。结论:在拟合腰椎骨密度随年龄变化的曲线时,利用一般线性模型控制体重以及中心效应的影响后,可获得更加准确的回归系数及标准误的估计。     

用于骨质疏松诊断的高速采集系统硬件设计

根据定量超声波检测原理,阐述了一种针对超声波发射信号和回波信号的高速采集系统.来自超声探头的信号通过前端的调理电路,在采样控制电路作用下,接受采样.所采数据在由CPLD芯片所设计的控制电路控制下,通过FI-FO缓存以及带USB2.0接口的单片机芯片,被传输至计算机.根据相关公式,只需计算出超声波发射信号和回波信号的时间差,即可获得定量超声波在受试者胫骨的皮质骨中传播速度.与定量超声波在正常胫骨中的传播速度相比较,可以为骨质疏松症提供便捷的诊断手段.     

强直性脊柱炎并骨质疏松97例临床观察

研究强直性脊柱炎(AS)骨质疏松和骨量减少的发生情况、相关因素及与骨代谢指标的关系.选97例AS患者作为观察组,分别检测其血沉(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CBP)、HLA-B27、血钙(Ca)、血磷(P)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP),并进行全身疼痛评分、中医症状积分评定和晨僵时间、BATH功能指数(BASFI)、病情活动指数(BASDI)、颌柄距、指地距、枕墙距、Schober试验、胸阔活动度、脊柱活动度;用双能X线法(DEXA)测定腰椎、股骨颈、股骨转子部、Ward's三角区骨密度(BMD),检测骨钙素(BGP)、降钙素(H-CT)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH);42例检测了尿脱氧吡啶啉(D-Pyr).选102名健康人作为对照组,分别测定其腰椎、股骨颈、股骨转子部、Ward's三角区骨密度(BMD),31例检测了BGP、PTH、D-Pyr、Ca、P、ALP.结果AS患者发生骨质疏松者42例(42.27%),骨量减少者36例(37.11%);AS患者BGP较对照组显著降低,并与腰椎、股骨近端BMD呈正相关.PTH、尿D-Pyr较对照组显著增高,并与股骨近端BMD呈负相关.AS患者中急时相反应物ESR与腰椎、股骨近端BMD呈显著负相关,CBP与AS患者腰椎、股骨颈、三角BMD呈显著负相关,ESR、CRP与尿D-Pyr呈显著的正相关.腰椎BMD与全身疼痛评分、中轴关节压痛指数呈负相关性,股骨近端BMD与指地距、BASFI、BASDAI呈显著负相关,与Schober试验、脊柱活动度呈显著正相关.AS患者的腰椎BMD与HLA-B27显示了负相关性.表明骨质疏松或骨量减少在AS中普遍存在,其发生与遗传、废用、免疫炎症等因素相关.AS患者骨代谢的失衡以骨生成的减少、骨吸收的增加为特点;PTH的增高及免疫炎性反应与AS患者骨吸收的增加有关.     

Potential health risks to adults and children in the UK from exposure to dietary lead in gamebirds shot with lead ammunition

We estimate potential risks to human health in the UK from dietary exposure to lead from wild gamebirds killed by shooting. The main source of exposure to lead in Europe is now dietary. We used data on lead concentrations in UK gamebirds, from which gunshot had been removed following cooking to simulate human exposure to lead. We used UK food consumption and lead concentration data to evaluate the number of gamebird meals consumed weekly that would be expected, based upon published studies, to result in changes, over and above those resulting from exposure to lead in the base diet, in intelligence quotient (IQ), Systolic Blood Pressure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) considered in a recent opinion of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to be significant at a population level and also in SAT test scores and in rates of spontaneous abortion. We found the consumption of <1 meal of game a week may be associated with a one point reduction in IQ in children and 1.2–6.5 gamebird meals per week may be associated with the other effects. These results should help to inform the development of appropriate responses to the risks from ingesting lead from ammunition in game in the UK and European Union (EU).     

Pelvic Periprosthetic Bone Mineral Density Measurement Around Cemented vs Cementless Acetabular Prostheses

We compared the short-term precision of pelvic periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD) measurement around a cementless acetabular prosthesis (n = 29) vs a cemented all-polyethylene acetabular prosthesis (n = 19) in patients after total hip arthroplasty. Two dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans of the pelvis were made on the same day in each subject with subject repositioning between scans and analyzed independently with a 4-region of interest model. Precision was expressed as coefficient of variation (CV%). The measured BMD around the cemented prostheses was greater than the cementless prostheses p < 0.004, all analyses). The net CV for pelvic BMD measurements around the cementless prosthesis was 1.9% vs 3.6% around the cemented prosthesis (F-test p < 0.001). The CVs of individual regions of interest was between 2.8% and 4.8% for the cementless prosthesis vs 4.4% to 8.4% for the cemented prosthesis (F-test; p < 0.05, all comparisons). Prospective studies would require 57 subjects to detect a 10% change in net pelvic BMD around a cementless prosthesis and 122 to detect a similar change around a cemented prosthesis with 90% power and with an alpha error of 0.05. In conclusion, the precision of pelvic BMD measurements made around cementless prostheses are better vs those for cemented prostheses. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry studies of cemented prosthesis require approximately double the number of subjects vs cementless prostheses to achieve a similar level of power.