Accumulation of eight key mutations located in the X/preC regions of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome (G1613A, C1653T, T1753V, A1762T, G1764A, A1846T, G1896A and G1899A) is a risk marker for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we analysed the 8 key mutations in 442 serum samples collected from 310 non‐HCC and 132 HCC patients to identify the combinations linked to HCC. After the patients were stratified according to the age groups and mutation combinations, clinical parameters were compared between the HCC and the non‐HCC groups. Analyses were focused on patient ≥40 years of age infected by HBV genotype C with A1762T and G1764A mutations in the basal core promoter region (BCP double mutation). In patients with ≥6 mutations, the combination of [G1613A + C1653T + A1846T + G1896A] mutations was closely linked to HCC, whereas no specific single or double mutation combination was associated with HCC. In patients with ≤5 mutations, HBeAg and HBV DNA serum titres were lower in the HCC group than those in the non‐HCC group. Unlike the number of mutations, no specific combination correlated with advanced clinical stage in HCC. Of the BCP double mutation–based HBV mutant types, combinations of ≥6 mutations that include G1613A + C1653T + A1846T + G1896A, and combinations of ≤5 mutations with reduced HBeAg production, may be more specific indicators of HCC risk than only the number of mutations or any specific combination(s). 相似文献
A recently proposed method is used to parameterize the nucleation‐driven kinetics of poly(ε‐caprolactone) melting. The method is based on fitting a theoretically derived temperature dependence of the effective activation energy to the experimental dependence obtained from the Kissinger plot. Although the theoretical dependence fits the experimental one accurately, the fit gives rise to a surface free energy that is significantly smaller than the one obtained from crystallization data. A similar result is reported in other publications that make use of a homogeneous nucleation model for polymer melting. It is argued that a heterogeneous nucleation model is a more appropriate representation of the melting process and that its use resolves the problem of estimating the unusually small surface free energies.
[目的]在中医治未病理论的指导下,探讨补肾活血中药联合耳穴压豆对肾虚血瘀型胚胎移植不孕症患者子宫动脉血流动力学和子宫内膜的干预作用。[方法]选择2018年1月至2019年1月的胚胎移植不孕症患者,经辨证分型后选取肾虚血瘀型病例90例,随机分成A组(补肾活血中药联合耳穴压豆治疗组)、B组(补肾活血中药组)及C组(耳穴压豆组)共3组,每组30例。3组患者均使用长方案超促排卵,治疗从月经周期第3天开始,至胚胎移植后第5周结束。同时,A组另予补肾活血中药、耳穴压豆治疗,B组另予单纯补肾活血中药治疗,C组予耳穴压豆治疗。观察并比较各组子宫内膜厚度、子宫动脉血流搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)、双侧收缩期峰值流速/舒张末期流速(systolic/diastolic ratio value,S/D)、生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率等指标。[结果]与C组比较,A组和B组生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率方面均优于C组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。与C组比较,A组和B组内膜厚度显著增加,子宫动脉血流PI、双侧S/D显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);与B组比较,A组子宫动脉血流PI显著降低,而生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率方面均优于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]补肾活血中药联合耳穴压豆治疗可以改善肾虚血瘀型胚胎移植患者的子宫内膜厚度、子宫动脉血流阻力,提高临床妊娠率,且较单纯使用中药或耳穴压豆效果更佳。 相似文献
Glycemic control in hospitalized patients with diabetes requires accurate near-patient glucose monitoring systems. In the past decade, point-of-care blood glucose monitoring devices have become the mainstay of near-patient glucose monitoring in hospitals across the world. In this article, we focus on its history, accuracy, clinical use, and cost-effectiveness. Point-of-care devices have evolved from 1.2 kg instruments with no informatics to handheld lightweight portable devices with advanced connectivity features. Their accuracy however remains a subject of debate, and new standards for their approval have now been issued by both the International Organization for Standardization and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. While their cost-effectiveness remains to be proved, their clinical value for managing inpatients with diabetes remains unchallenged. This evidence-based review provides an overall view of its use in the hospital setting. 相似文献
