左乙拉西坦治疗小儿癫痫的影响分析

目的研究左乙拉西坦治疗小儿癫痫的疗效以及对智力的影响。方法在本院2017年4月-2019年5月收治的小儿癫痫患儿中选取74例开展研究,按照随机数表法分两组观察组和对照组,观察组37例,对照组37例,对照组采用奥卡西平进行治疗,观察组采用左乙拉西坦进行治疗,对比观察组与对照组组的治疗总有效率和智力评分变化。结果观察组与对照组比较,观察组的治疗总有效率较高,智力评分明显较高,两项对比差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论左乙拉西坦治疗小儿癫痫有较好的治疗效果,治疗总有效率较高,且对患儿的智力有明显的改善作用,在实际临床小儿癫痫的治疗中具有较高的运用价值。     

Imaging of COVID-19: An update of current evidences

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been reported as a global emergency. As respiratory dysfunction is a major clinical presentation of COVID-19, chest computed tomography (CT) plays a central role in the diagnosis and management of patients with COVID-19. Recent advances in imaging approaches using artificial intelligence have been essential as a quantification and diagnostic tool to differentiate COVID-19 from other respiratory infectious diseases. Furthermore, cardiovascular involvement in patients with COVID-19 is not negligible and may result in rapid worsening of the disease and sudden death. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can accurately depict myocardial involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review summarizes the role of the radiology department in the management and the diagnosis of COVID-19, with a special emphasis on ultra-high-resolution CT findings, cardiovascular complications and the potential of artificial intelligence.     

Childhood polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposure and executive function in children in the HOME Study

Prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been reported to impair executive function in children, but little is known whether childhood PBDE exposures play a role. Using the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a prospective birth cohort in the greater Cincinnati area, we investigated the association between repeated measures of PBDEs during childhood and executive function at 8 years in 208 children and whether effect modification by child sex was present. We used child serum collected at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 years to measure PBDEs. The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function was completed by parents to assess executive function at 8 years. We used multiple informant models to examine childhood PBDEs during several exposure windows. Null associations were observed between early childhood PBDEs and executive function. However, we observed significant adverse associations between a 10-fold increase in concurrent concentrations of BDE-28 (β = 4.6, 95% CI 0.5, 8.7) and BDE-153 (β = 4.8, 95% CI 0.8, 8.8) with behavioral regulation. In addition, PBDEs at 8 years were significantly associated with poorer emotional and impulse control. No associations were noted between childhood PBDEs and metacognition or global executive function. However, child sex significantly modified the associations, with significantly poorer executive function among males with higher concurrent BDE-153, and null associations in females. Our study findings suggest that concurrent PBDE exposures during childhood may be associated with poorer executive function, specifically behavior regulation. Males may also be more sensitive to adverse associations of concurrent PBDEs on executive function.     

HAB/DBP 复合物修复骨缺损的实验研究

目的：研究羟基磷灰石人工骨（HAB）/异体脱矿骨粉（DBP）复合物修复骨缺损的效果，以期获得一种既具有传导性又具有骨诱导性的复合材料。方法：将HAB/DBP复合物、HAB、异体脱矿骨(DMB)植入兔桡骨中段骨缺损处，设置空白对照，在2、4、8、12周分别取材，观察新骨形成及骨缺损修复情况。结果：HAB/DBP组、DMB组2周时可见骨断端附近有大量软骨细胞聚集，并有少量基质形成。4周时，大量软骨细胞及少量骨小架。8周时，见大量骨小梁和层板状骨形成。12周见层板成熟骨组织和哈佛系统形成。其成骨能力及新骨生成量明显高于HAB组及空白组。结论：HAB/DBP复合物为一种既具有骨传导性又具有骨诱导性的骨缺损修复材料，具有与DMB同样的诱导骨生成的能力，可能成为一种具有临床应用前景的骨缺损及修复材料。     

The efficacy of Xialine<Superscript>®</Superscript> in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome: a single-blind,cross-over study

Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown cause whose main characteristic is severe dryness of the eyes and the mouth. The decreased functional capacity of the lacrimal and salivary glands which is the result of the inflammatory process and lymphocytic infiltration observed in SS is accountable for this complication. Twenty-nine patients with SS whose ages were ranging between 24–77, who were under treatment in Ege University Faculty of Medicine Department of Rheumatology, participated in the study, and their informed consents were obtained upon enrollment. Each patient recorded their subjective complaints on a separate questionnaire. The baseline and subsequent evaluation of the subjective findings on predetermined times (1 h after application of the material, at the end of the 1st, 7th, and 14th days) were also recorded on separate questionnaire sheets. Throughout the 14-day treatment period, no statistically significant differences were noted between the Xialine® and placebo groups with regard to burning tongue, diminished taste, and waking up at night to sip water (p?=?0.925, 0.527, and 0.066, respectively). However, patients’ satisfaction with placebo decreased by 25.63% at the end of the test period, whereas it increased by 16.37% after Xialine® administration. Overall, the patients preferred Xialine® at the end of the study (p?=?0.011). The main motive to administer saliva substitute is to improve lubrication and hydration of oral tissues. The results of this study indicated that Xialine® is helpful in the management of xerostomia-related symptoms of SS patients. However, further investigations in larger scale group of patients are recommended to provide the effects of these agents on various complaints of xerostomia.