青蒿素提取条件研究

以干青嵩味末为原料，分别用乙醚、氯仿、正己烷、石油醚搅拌提取青蒿素，结果表明石油醚是较适宜的提取介质。对石油醚提取青蒿素的工艺条件，如温度、时间、溶剂及搅拌速度等进行了较系统研究，确定了较佳的工艺操作条件。     

油蒿和柠条水分限制的种间竞争模型

目的　为充分有效地利用水资源，稳定人工生态系统提供科学依据。方法　以油蒿和柠条为研究对象， 组建数学模型。结果　建立了油蒿、柠条在水分限制下的种间竞争模型：ｄ Ｎ１ｄｔ ＝ ｒ１ Ｎ１（ Ｋ１ － Ｎ１ － αλ２ Ｋ１ｒ１ ｖｖ１ Ｎ２ Ｋ１ ） ；ｄ Ｎ２ｄｔ ＝ ｒ２ Ｎ２（ Ｋ２ － Ｎ２ － βλ１ Ｋ２ｒ２ ｖｖ２ Ｎ１ Ｋ２ ） 。结论　油蒿与柠条之间实现着既竞争又稳定共存的格局。     

青蒿明胶丸的抗疟作用研究

明胶丸对小鼠的LD_(50)剂量为162.5±10.1g(生药)/kg,对伯氏敏感株鼠疟原虫的半数转阴剂量ED_(50)为11.9±2.4g(生药)/kg,化疗指数为13.6,明胶丸的抗疟效价比青蒿素大3.5倍;对鼠疟、人间日疟的治愈率为100％,与青蒿浸膏、氯喹相同;退热时间及转阴时间均快于氯喹,但近期复燃仍较高,当延长服药天数至6d,增加日服药次数至4次或与伯氨喹伍用,可显著降低近期复燃率。该制剂生产成本大大低于青蒿素,服药量及毒副反应小于青蒿浸膏片,易于推广,病人乐于接受。     

Validation, transfer and measurement uncertainty estimation of an HPLC-UV method for the quantification of artemisinin in hydro alcoholic extracts of Artemisia annua L

Malaria is the world's most important parasitic infection with 500 millions cases annually and almost 2 millions death per year. This disease is more present in Sub-Saharan Africa where 90% of the infections are found. Artemisinin and its semi synthetic derivatives (artemether, artesunate) have actually the most powerful activity on malaria, even in its complicated forms and resistance cases.Various methods have been proposed for detection and quantification of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L. by HPLC-UV, but the plant extracts used for this quantification were extracts obtained with organic solvents (toluene, petroleum ether, hexane). To be able to use crude A. annua extracts prepared at low cost to formulate antipaludic drugs, we chose the use of a mixture of water and ethanol as solvent of extraction, but no adequate analytical method for this kind of extracts is published.The main objectives of this work were first to develop an analytical method for artemisinin quantification in hydro alcoholic extracts of A. annua. Second, this method had to be thoroughly validated by the research and development laboratory and, third, the transfer of this method to the routine laboratory had to be demonstrated. The final aim was to compare the estimation of measurement uncertainty obtained during the method validation with validation standards to measurement uncertainty estimates obtained during the method transfer study with real samples.The method was validated following the accuracy profile methodology and was found to be accurate in the concentration range of 10.0-54.0 μg/ml with CV < 8%. Limit of detection and of quantification were 2.73 and 10.0 μg/ml, respectively. The method was then successfully transferred to a laboratory in Benin by showing that the quality of the results that it will generate during routine application of the method is sufficient. Finally, the measurement uncertainty of the method was estimated from the validation experiments as well as from the transfer study with authentic unspiked samples of A. annua. The comparison of these measurement uncertainty estimations showed that they were coherent. It confirmed thus that the estimation of measurement uncertainty from validation experiments predicts well the measurement uncertainty of real routine samples. This analytical method was thus shown to be convenient for routine analysis of hydro alcoholic extracts of A. annua in Benin.     

藜蒿提取液对结肠癌细胞生长抑制的实验研究

目的观察藜蒿提取液对结肠癌细胞的生长抑制作用。方法 采用CCK-8法研究了不同浓度藜蒿提取液对鼠结肠癌细胞株CMT-93的生长抑制作用。结果藜蒿提取液可抑制鼠结肠癌细胞的生长,在一定范围内(125~1000μg/ml)呈剂量依赖关系。结论藜蒿提取液对鼠结肠癌细胞的生长有抑制,并且呈剂量依赖关系。     

Furfuran lignans and a flavone from Artemisia gorgonum Webb and their in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum

The chemical composition of the aerial parts of the Cape Verdean endemic shrub Artemisia gorgonum Webb (Asteraceae) was careful investigated, which led to the isolation and identification of six known furfuran lignans: eudesmin (1), magnolin (2), epimagnolin A (3), aschantin (4), kobusin (5), sesamin (6) and a flavone: artemetin (7). Compounds 1-7 were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxicity in a screening panel consisting of various mammalian tumor cell lines, for their antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (FcB1 strain) and for their cytotoxicity against murine normal cells (CFU-GM). While no promising cytotoxicity against human tumor cells were noticed, marginal potency and selectivity was found for compounds 1-5 against murine colon 38. Besides, compounds 2-7 showed mild antiplasmodial activities, 6 and 7 being the most active compounds (IC(50) 3.37 and 3.50 μg/ml respectively) without noticeable toxicity on mammalian normal cells. This is the first report of antiplasmodial activity for furfuran lignans and the first isolation of 1-7 from Artemisia gorgonum.     

新疆一枝蒿中部分微量元素的含量分析

目的:测定新疆一枝蒿中部分微量元素的含量。方法:采用微波消解样品,用原子吸收分光光度法及原子荧光分光光度法测定新疆一枝蒿中的钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、铁、硒、铜、铅、镉、砷、汞等微量元素的含量。结果:新疆一枝蒿中有益人体健康的元素钾、钙、钠、镁、锌、铁等含量都相对较高,而有害元素砷、镉、铅、汞、铜等的含量均低于《中国药典》的规定。结论:新疆一枝蒿中含有丰富的人体必需微量元素。     

变应性鼻炎儿童蒿花粉变应原组分诊断

目的 本文旨在对季节性变应性鼻炎（AR）患儿进行变应原组分筛查,了解AR患儿代表性蒿属植物花粉变应原致敏组分。方法 采集黄花蒿和大籽蒿花粉,提取花粉蛋白,以临床确诊为AR且艾蒿特异性免疫球蛋白E （sIgE）检测为阳性患儿血清为一抗,通过蛋白质免疫印迹法筛查花粉中变应原组分。结果 蛋白质免疫印迹显示2种蒿属植物花粉蛋白提取物中主要有3条带能与血清IgE特异性结合,相对分子量（Mr）分别为12、25和70 kDa。黄花蒿花粉中70 kDa变应原为AR儿童最常见的变应原分子,阳性检出率为85.19%,25 kDa和12 kDa变应原分别为37.04%和14.81%。大籽蒿花粉中70 kDa变应原阳性检出率低于黄花蒿（P<0.05）,为51.85%,25 kDa和12 kDa变应原阳性检出率与黄花蒿相似（P>0.05）。另外,同一个体血清对2种蒿属植物同源变应原阳性反应存在差异,不同患儿对1种或多种变应原分子敏感。结论 AR患儿黄花蒿花粉致敏率更高,推荐增加黄花蒿花粉组分蛋白进行诊断和免疫治疗,尤其是70 kDa变应原分子。     

Immunochemical and Biological Characterization of a Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) Pollen Extract

A reference extract of mugwort pollen (Artemisia vulgaris) was characterized by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), crossed radio immunoelectrophoresis (CRIE) and quantitative skin prick test (QSPT). CIE revealed that the extract contained at least 42 distinct antigens of which 24 migrated towards the anode and 18 towards the cathode at pH 8.6. A CRIE analysis of the crude mugwort pollen extract, performed with sera from 29 mugwort-allergic patients, showed that 10 antigens may be considered allergens; one was classified as a major allergen, five as intermediate allergens, and four as minor allergens. The QSPT performed on the same 29 allergic patients established that 17.4 micrograms lyophilised reference mugwort pollen extract per ml had a biological potency of 1 HEP (histamine equivalent by prick test).