迭代二步法估算维拉帕米的群体药动学参数

目的 :为临床合理应用维拉帕米提供依据。方法 :53例高血压患者口服维拉帕米片 ,采用荧光分光光度法测定血浆中维拉帕米浓度 ,用迭代二步法估算维拉帕米的群体药动学参数 ,并与传统二步法的结果比较。结果 :迭代二步法估算维拉帕米的CL为(189 3±59 3)ml/(h·kg) ,Vd 为 (1 420±0 231)L/kg ,T1/2 为 (5 74±1 90)h ,与传统二步法拟合的结果基本一致。结论 :迭代二步法能较好地估算出维拉帕米的群体及个体药动学参数 ,可用于预测血药浓度及优化个体给药方案。     

Embryo developmental stage at transfer influences outcome of treatment with intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Purpose: Our purpose was to determine if embryo cell stage at the time of intrauterine transfer correlates with pregnancy rate in patients treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 455 embryo transfer cycles following ICSI and 304 conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer cycles in women aged 40 years or less. Abstracted information included grading of the embryo cell stage and quality at the time of transfer. Results: The overall ICSI pregnancy rate was 30.8%, while that of conventional IVF was 29.3%. However, the ICSI pregnancy rate fell to 9.3% for embryo transfers taking place at the two-cell stage but increased to 35.8% when at least one embryo had more than two cells, and this difference was statistically significant (P≤0.0001). The pregnancy rate following conventional IVF was 22.0% when only two-cell embryos were transferred and 32.0% when at least one of the embryos had more than two cells, but this difference in pregnancy rates was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: The stage of embryo development at transfer appears to exert a powerful influence on the successful establishment of pregnancy after ICSI.     

30例晚期食管癌放疗和化疗的综合治疗

３０例晚期食管癌患者用大剂量顺铂为主（ＤＤＰ＋ＭＴＸ＋ＰＹＭ）的联合化疗和放射治疗。并采用“化－放－化”的治疗方式。结果有效率６３％，其中完全缓解１３％，部分缓解５０％。１年生存率７０％，２年生存率５３％，３年生存率１６．７％。症状改善率８０％。作者认为对晚期食管癌采用大剂量ＤＤＰ化疗－放疗－化疗的治疗方式是可行的。     

抗癌宝口服液治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤103例临床观察

目的：观察中药抗癌宝口服液治疗中晚期恶性肿瘤临床效果。方法：１０３例患者随机分为抗癌宝观察组与化疗对照组，对两组疗效作比较。结果：观察组患者免疫功能，近期有效率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ），生存质量，１、２、３年生存期及中位生存时间，癌胚抗原下降水平，明显高于对照组，且有显著性差异。结论：抗癌宝具有抑制肿瘤生长，延长生存时间，提高生存质量之效。     

世界中西医结合大会在京召开──交流中西医结合在理论、临床、教育及政策管理方面经验

世界中西医结合大会在京召开──交流中西医结合在理论、临床、教育及政策管理方面经验人民日报北京１０月２７日讯世界中西医结合大会今天在北京国际会议中心开幕。大会以“继承、发扬、结合、创新”为主题，交流重点是中西医结合在理论、临床、教育及政策管理等各方面的...     

无法切除的复发头颈部鳞癌的姑息放疗

为评价头颈部鳞癌术后复发患者行姑息放疗的疗效及其影响因素，对１９８８年７月至１９９６年２月在我科接受姑息放疗的１０６例患者的资料行回顾性分析。结果：放疗后ＣＲ２２．６％（２４／１０６），ＰＲ３８．７％（４１／１０６），ＮＲ３８．７％（４１／１０６）；总有效率为６１．３％（６５／１０６）；放疗后挽救性手术成功率为４／９；疗后６３．２％（６７／１０６）的患者Ｋａｒｎｏｆｓｋｙ得分上升，症状减轻，生存质量提高；１、２、３年生存率分别为５４．７％（５８／１０６）、２１．７％（２３／１０６）和５．７％（６／１０６）；远处转移率２９．２％（３１／１０６），放疗并发症１０．４％（１１／１０６）。结论：姑息放疗是晚期头颈部鳞癌术后复发患者一种较好的治疗选择；为了提高疗效，放射剂量应尽可能高于５０Ｇｙ，采用超分割连续放疗技术和避免分段。     

Outcome of combination chemotherapy in extensive stage small-cell lung cancer: Any treatment related progress?

During the past two decades many different treatment regimens of combination chemotherapy have been applied in extensive stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). This study was carried out to identify whether these modifications have resulted in an improved overall survival for extensive stage during the past two decades. In total, 1111 patients with extensive stage SCLC were included in six consecutive randomised trials in our setting from 1973 until 1992. Of these, 526 patients treated in the early period (1973–1981) were compared with 585 patients treated in the late period (1981–1992) with respect to pretreatment prognostic factors, staging, treatment and outcome. No change in the distribution of prognostic factors was detected and the frequency of patients with extensive stage was equal in the two periods, and no difference in overall response rates and survival was observed (P=0.49). Median survival in the two periods was 208 days and 215 days, respectively. No stage migration or treatment-related improved outcome was observed in extensive disease. We suggest restricting aggressive treatment to patients with favorable prognosis and long-term survival as a realistic aim.     

HDCF/5-Fu、DDP联合方案治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效分析

为了提高５－Ｆｕ＋ＤＤＰ方案治疗复发、转移性鼻咽癌的临床疗效，对２８例晚期ＮＰＣ患者给予２个以上疗程的ＨＤＣＦ／５－Ｆｕ＋ＤＤＰ方案化疗，结果ＣＲ２例、ＰＲ１１例、ＭＲ６例、ＳＤ４例、ＰＤ５例，总有效率为（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ）４６．４％，中位缓解期５．４个月（２～１６个月）。毒性反应主要有ＷＢＣ下降、恶心呕吐、口腔粘膜溃烂等。ＨＤＣＦ／５－Ｆｕ＋ＤＤＰ方案较传统的单用５－Ｆｕ＋ＤＤＰ方案疗效有明显提高，但毒性反应亦较重     

奥沙利铂联合5-氟脲嘧啶／亚叶酸钙治疗晚期胃癌临床研究

目的：研究奥沙利铂联合5-氟脲嘧啶／亚叶酸钙治疗进展期胃癌的临床疗效及毒副反应。方法：将66例晚期胃癌患者随机分成两组，研究组33例，奥沙利铂130mg／m^2，静滴3小时，第一天给药；亚叶酸钙100mg，静滴2小时。第1—5天给药；5-氟脲嘧啶600mg／m^2，微量泵持续静脉灌注22小时，第1—5天给药。对照组33例，顺铂30mg／m^2，静脉滴注，第1—3天给药，亚叶酸钙和5．氟脲嘧啶用药方法同研究组。每3—4周为一周期。结果：研究组与对照组近期有效率分别为54．5％与42．4％，两组比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；研究组1年生存率及中位生存期均优于对照组，但无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；消化道反应发生率研究组低于对照组（P〈0．05）．外周神经毒性反应发生率研究组高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：研究组近期疗效、1年生存率及中位生存期均优于对照组，且消化道反应发生率明显低于对照组，值得临床进一步观察研究。     

热、化疗联合治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌初探

背景与目的晚期非小细胞肺癌化疗有效率低,而热、化疗联合已在多种实体瘤的治疗中取得良好效果。本研究旨在探讨热疗与化疗联合治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的可行性及近期疗效。方法51例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者入选,其中热化疗组(HC组)22例,单纯化疗组(C组)29例,均给予NP(长春瑞滨 顺铂)或GP(吉西他滨 顺铂)方案化疗2个周期。热化疗组使用13.8MHz局部射频热疗机同步进行热疗,每周2次,共12次。结果热化疗组有效率为22.7%,单纯化疗组为13.8%(P>0.05);热化疗组临床受益率为68.2%,而单纯化疗组为34.5%(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前后KPS评分的变化无统计学意义。结论初步观察到热、化疗联合治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌有良好的耐受性和较好的近期疗效,值得进一步研究。