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81.
Plant fats are low in saturated fats but high in unsaturated fats compared to animal fats, and are supposedly less obesogenic. This study compared the obesogenic effects of plant and animal derived fatty diets in Wistar rats. Rats of each gender were divided into three dietary (standard chow (SC), high fat diet rich in animal fat (HFDaf) and a high fat diet rich in plant fat (HFDpf)) groups of ten each and fed for 17 weeks. Anthropometric, Adiposity and nutritive variables were assessed using standard methods. Comparing HFDpf to HFDaf: Abdominal circumference (AC),initial feed intaken (IFI), final feed intake(FFI), final body weight (FBW), white adipose tissue (WAT) were increased but brown adipose tissue (BAT) decreased in male rats fed with HFDpf; also, there were increased body length, IFI, FFI but decreased AC, FBW, BAT in female rats fed with HFDpf. Comparing male to female rats: Thoracic circumference, IFI, FFI, energy intake were increased while Adiposity index decreased across diet groups in male rats; the AC, FBW increased while WAT, BAT decreased in HFDpf fed group, also, BAT was increased but AC, FBW decreased in HFDaf fed group in male rats. Palatability and high feed efficiency of consumed diets were more associated with obesogenic risk than just the level of saturation. Therefore, Obesogenic effects of fatty diets in both genders is more dependent on the quantity (amount) of fatty diet consumed than the dietary fat composition alone. 相似文献
82.
《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2022,32(9):2074-2085
Background and aimsFood processing changes the nature of foods, and it is growing globally due to its availability and affordability and its effects on the palatability of foods. Consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) may adversely affect weight gain.The purpose of the current study is to examine the association between UPFs consumption and adiposity among Iranian adults.Methods and resultsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 1459 Iranian adults (≥19 years). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and foods were classified based on the NOVA system. Overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥25 and < 30, ≥30, respectively, and waist circumference (WC) ≥91 for women and WC ≥ 89 for men. The odds of general and abdominal obesity across the quartiles of UPFs were assessed by binary logistic regression.UPFs consumption contributed to 20.17% of daily energy intake. After adjustment for potential confounders, UPFs consumption was not associated with general or abdominal obesity. However, in the fully adjusted model, men in the top quartile of UPFs were twice as likely to be overweight compared with those in the bottom quartile (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.03, 4.10; P = 0.047). No association was found in women or stratified analysis by age.ConclusionThe present findings suggest a sex-specific association between UPFs consumption and overweight. UPFs consumption might be associated with an increased risk of overweight in men, but no such association was found in women. Future cohort studies are required to confirm these results. 相似文献
83.
Ngawang Tselha Chonsing Shimrah Monika Kulshreshtha Naorem Kiranmala Devi 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2019,13(4):2335-2338
BackgroundHypertension and obesity have become a global issue and an important public health concern due to an unhealthy lifestyle. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its association with various adiposity indicators among Sunni Muslim population of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 214 individuals using purposive sampling method. Somatometric measurements were taken using the ISAK protocol. Correlation analysis and odds ratio were calculated to determine the best predictor of hypertension.Results41% of males and 42.1% of females were found to be in Stage-II hypertension. BMI and WC were found to have the highest correlation with SBP among males and females, respectively. WHR followed by WC and BMI, was found to be the strongest predictor of hypertension in males. In the case of females, WHtR Followed by, BMI and WHR were found to be the strongest predictors of hypertension.ConclusionAmong the presently studied Muslim population of Lucknow, a high prevalence of hypertension was found among both males and females. Also, WHR among males and WC among females were found to be better predictors of hypertension. Thus, for better prediction of risk of hypertension, sex and ethnicity-specific adiposity indicator should be used in clinical practice. 相似文献
84.
85.
Meenal Dhall Kshetrimayum Surmala Devi Urvashi Gupta Renu Tyagi Satwanti Kapoor 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):881-884
Aim
Study aims to assess the association of various adiposity markers with blood pressure levels.Study design
The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Delhi. A total of 568 (males- 250, females- 318) participants aged 20–55 years were enrolled for the study.Result
Mean height (167.35?±?7.59) and weight (73.76?±?15.08) was found to be significantly higher in males. Mean values of minimum waist circumference (183.80?±?12.24), maximum hip circumference (100.90?±?12.811), body mass index (27.93?±?5.76), and conicity index (1.25?±?0.12) were found to be significantly higher in females. Correlation showed significant positive associations of body mass index (p?<?0.01) and waist circumference (p?<?0.01) with blood pressure in both males and females. Odds ratios showed strong association of hypertension (both SBP and DBP) with adiposity indices as measured by body mass index, waist circumference and conicity index.Conclusion
Adiposity markers such as BMI, WC and CI could be effective predictors of hypertension. 相似文献86.
Samar Abu Rkhaya Nailya Bulatova Violet Kasabri Randa Naffa Reema Alquoqa 《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2018,12(6):903-909
Background
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT 1) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were implicated in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathophysiology.Aims and methods
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate both SIRT 1 and MDA in 30 lean healthy control, 31 normoglycemic MetS subjects and 30 MetS-Pre/T2DM drug naïve. C orrelation studies were established for both biomarkers with adiposity indices [conicity index (CI), waist circumference (WC), weight-to-height (WHtR) ratio, weight-to-hip (WHR) ratio, hip circumference (HC), and body adiposity index (BAI)], hematological indices [red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-to-lymphcyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR)] and atherogenicity indices (atherogenicity index of plasma (AIP?=?log10TG/HDL-C ratio), TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios].Results
SIRT1 levels (ng/mL) were markedly lower in both MetS groups (2.12?±?0.06 and 2.32?±?0.19, respectively, vs. controls 4.73?±?0.15; P?<?0.05). Conversely, a gradual increase in MDA levels (μM) was attained (MetS 72?±?3.3 and MetS pre-T2DM 81?±?6.1 vs. controls 62?±?3.5; P?>?0.05). A significant inverse MDA-SIRT1 relationship was observed (P?=?0.006). SIRT1 correlated inversely with all the studied adiposity (WC: P?<?0.001, HC: P?<?0.001, WHR: P?<?0.001, C-index: P?<?0.001, BAI: P?<?0.001) and atherogenicity indices (AIP: P?<?0.001, TC/HDL-C: P?<?0.001, LDL-C/HDL-C: P?<?0.001) as well as MPV (P?<?0.01). Whereas MDA directly with WHtR, CI and BAI (WC: P?<?0.01, HC: P?<?0.05, BMI: P?<?001, WHtR: P?<?0.001, C-index: P?<?0.005, BAI: P?<?0.01).Conclusion
The substantial variations and correlations emphasize a potential molecular role of SIRT1 and MDA in the pathophysiology of MetS and pre/T2DM. 相似文献87.
《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2022,32(2):337-345
Background and aimsDiet can affect cardiovascular health by changing lipid profiles or obesity levels. However, the association of dietary patterns reflecting lipid metabolism and adiposity measures with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. This study aimed to derive dietary patterns that explained variation in blood lipids and adiposity and investigate their associations with prevalent CVD.Methods and resultsA cross-sectional study was constructed in Beijing MJ Health Screening Center from 2008 to 2018. A dietary pattern was derived using reduced-rank regression among 75,159 participants without CVD. The dietary pattern explained the largest in predicting lipid profiles and adiposity measures. The dietary pattern was associated with a higher level of LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride, and high body mass index and waist circumference, but lower HDL-cholesterol. The dietary pattern was characterized by high intakes of staple food, red meat, processed food, fried food, edible offal, and less intakes of jam or honey, fruits, milk, and dairy products. Among 89,633 participants, we evaluated its association with prevalent CVD using multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex, annual income, education attainment, marital status, family history of CVD, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity, and daily energy intake. Individuals with the highest quintile of dietary pattern score were 1%–38% more likely to have prevalent CVD than the lowest quintile (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.01–1.38).ConclusionA diet pattern reflecting lipid profiles and obesity level was positively related to prevalent CVD, which could provide new insights in optimizing blood lipids and body shape for the prevention of CVD through dietary approaches among the Chinese population. 相似文献
88.
Matina Kouvari Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos Christina Chrysohoou Venetia Notara Ekavi N. Georgousopoulou Mary Yannakoulia Dimitrios Tousoulis Christos Pitsavos 《Obesity research & clinical practice》2019,13(5):469-477
ObjectivesTo evaluate the association of predicted lean and fat mass on 10-year first and recurrent CVD incidence separately for men and women.MethodsTwo prospective studies, ATTICA (2002-2012, n = 3042 subjects free-of-CVD, n = 1514 men (46 ± 13 years) and n = 1528 women (45 ± 14 years)) and GREECS (2004-2014, n = 2172 subjects with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), n = 1649 men (65 ± 13 years) and n = 523 women (62 ± 11 years)) were used. Lean mass index (LMI) and fat mass index (FMI) were created through total body lean and fat mass (indirectly calculated through population formulas based on body weight, height and waist circumference) divided by height squared. Follow-up was performed in n = 2020 of ATTICA (n = 317 first CVD events) and in n = 2172 patients of GREECS (n = 811 recurrent CVD events).ResultsIn ATTICA study, CVD rate from 1st to 3rd FMI tertile was 9.4%, 16.1% and 19.9% while in GREECS 36.2%, 37.0%, 38.3%. The LMI-related rates were 17.1%, 15.0% and 11.9% vs. 38.8%, 35.8% and 36.7%. Multiadjusted analysis revealed U-shape trend between LMI and CVD recurrence with 2nd LMI tertile having the best prognosis; this observation was more evident in women. In apparently healthy subjects, LMI-cardioprotective association was revealed only in 3rd tertile (HR = 0.91 95%CI (0.74, 0.95)); this was more evident in men. The FMI aggravating association (3rd tertile) was retained significant only in healthy women and ACS men.ConclusionThis work expands previous findings regarding body composition and cardiac health, implying that the association of lean and fat mass on long-term CVD incidence varies according to sex and prevention stage. 相似文献
89.