Total failure of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery,associated factors,and outcomes: A retrospective case–control study

Spinal anesthesia is the anesthetic technique of choice for patients undergoing cesarean delivery. In the present study, total spinal anesthesia failure was defined as a case when an absent blockade or inadequate surgery required general anesthesia administration with an endotracheal tube. This study aimed to investigate factors related to this condition and report its maternal and neonatal outcomes.This retrospective matched case–control study was conducted by recruiting 110 patients with failed spinal anesthesia and 330 control patients from September 1, 2016, to April 30, 2020, in the largest university hospital, Thailand.Of 12,914 cesarean deliveries, 12,001 patients received single-shot spinal anesthesia (92.9%) during the study period. Total spinal anesthesia failure was experienced by 110/12,001 patients, giving an incidence of 0.9%. Factors related to the failures were a patient body mass index (BMI) ≤29.5 kg/m² (adjusted odds ratio 1.9; 95% confidence interval 1.2–3.1; P = .010) and a third-year resident (the most senior trainee) performing the spinal block (adjusted odds ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.5–3.7; P < .001). In the group with failed spinal anesthesia, neonatal Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were lower than those of the control group (both P < .001). Two patients in the failed spinal anesthesia group (2/110; 1.8%) had difficult airways and desaturation.Independent factors associated with total spinal anesthesia failure were a BMI of ≤29.5 kg/m² and a third-year resident performing the spinal block. Although the incidence of total failure was infrequent, there were negative consequences for the mothers and neonates. Adjusting the dose of bupivacaine according to the weight and height of a patient is recommended, with a higher dose appropriate for patients with a lower BMI.     

Simple renal cyst as an independent risk factor for hypertension

A simple renal cyst (SRC) may increase the risk for hypertension. The authors examined the relationship between a SRC and hypertension in participants receiving physical examinations at Hebei Medical University. This study enrolled 66 883 participants who received physical examinations at our center from January 2012 to December 2017. Demographic data, medical history related to hypertension, hematological indexes, hypertension, and SRC subtype based on ultrasound examinations were examined. The relationship between SRC and hypertension was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in different models. Subgroup analysis and propensity score (PS) matching were also performed. Based on SRC subtype (unitary vs. multiple, small vs. large, unilateral vs. bilateral), a comprehensive scoring system was established to determine the effect of SRC load on hypertension. The results of univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that SRC was a risk factor for hypertension (P < .01). Subgroup and interaction analysis showed the homogeneity that SRC was an independent risk factor for hypertension in multiple subgroups (P > .05). A SRC remained an independent risk factor for hypertension after PS matching (P < .01). Based on a scoring system that considered different SRC subtypes, the risk for hypertension increased with renal cyst load (P < .01). In conclusions, a SRC was an independent risk factor for hypertension, and there was a positive correlation between SRC load and hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased gradually with the size, number, and location of a SRC. Careful follow‐up or excision should be considered for patients with SRCs.     

The sexual brain,genes, and cognition: A machine‐predicted brain sex score explains individual differences in cognitive intelligence and genetic influence in young children

Sex impacts the development of the brain and cognition differently across individuals. However, the literature on brain sex dimorphism in humans is mixed. We aim to investigate the biological underpinnings of the individual variability of sexual dimorphism in the brain and its impact on cognitive performance. To this end, we tested whether the individual difference in brain sex would be linked to that in cognitive performance that is influenced by genetic factors in prepubertal children (N = 9,658, ages 9–10 years old; the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study). To capture the interindividual variability of the brain, we estimated the probability of being male or female based on the brain morphometry and connectivity features using machine learning (herein called a brain sex score). The models accurately classified the biological sex with a test ROC–AUC of 93.32%. As a result, a greater brain sex score correlated significantly with greater intelligence (p _fdr < .001, ηp2 = .011–.034; adjusted for covariates) and higher cognitive genome‐wide polygenic scores (GPSs) (p _fdr < .001, ηp2 < .005). Structural equation models revealed that the GPS‐intelligence association was significantly modulated by the brain sex score, such that a brain with a higher maleness score (or a lower femaleness score) mediated a positive GPS effect on intelligence (indirect effects = .006–.009; p = .002–.022; sex‐stratified analysis). The finding of the sex modulatory effect on the gene–brain–cognition relationship presents a likely biological pathway to the individual and sex differences in the brain and cognitive performance in preadolescence.     

医疗机构互联网便民惠民移动应用测评研究

通过多维度测评方法评估北京地区医疗机构互联网移动应用建设、管理情况,介绍测评范围、方法、指标体系,分析测评结果并提出建议,包括明确移动应用定位,建立业务规范和标准,加强诊中和诊后服务等.     

肺部超声评分与简化临床肺部感染评分对VAP早期诊断与预后评估的价值

目的 分析肺部超声评分与简化临床肺部感染评分对呼吸机相关性肺炎(ventilator-associated pneumonia,VAP)早期诊断与预后评估的价值.方法 选取医院ICU收治的VAP患者100例,所有患者均行肺部超声评分以及简化临床肺部感染评分检查,观察肺部超声评分以及简化临床肺部感染评分在VAP中的诊断准...     

复原髋臼窝在CroweⅢ型髋关节发育不良精准全髋置换中的作用及影像学量化评分

目的:探讨复原髋臼窝在CroweⅢ型髋关节发育不良(DDH)精准全髋置换中的作用,以及在标准骨盆X线平片上首次采用量化评分方法评价髋关节假体安装质量的可行性。方法:回顾性研究。纳入2014年3月—2019年4月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院行人工全髋关节置换术治疗的CroweⅢ型DDH终末期骨性关节炎患者86例(92髋),其中...     

中药灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效分析

目的 探讨中药灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效.方法 收集我院2013年1月至2015年3月收治的溃疡性结肠炎患者80例前瞻性研究且随机分为两组,每组40例,对照组患者给予柳氮磺吡啶,实验组患者则加施中药灌肠,比较两组患者治疗前后主要症状评分、整体治疗效果与镜下观粘膜情况等.结果 实验组患者治疗后各症状评分与对照组组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);实验组患者治疗总有效率(90.0％)明显高于对照组(75.0％),两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);实验组患者镜下观粘膜炎症(15.0％ vs.37.5％)、粘膜水肿(7.5％ vs.27.5％)、粘膜充血(5.0％ vs.22.5％)、溃疡(2.5％vs.17.5％)与糜烂(0 vs.12.5％)明显少于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 中药灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效显著,具有借鉴性.     

急性冠状动脉综合征中医辨证分型与冠状动脉SYNTAX积分及短期预后的关系

目的探讨急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者中医辨证分型与冠状动脉病变的关系及对短期预后的影响。方法252例ACS患者根据中医辨证分型分为4组：D血瘀阻证组（178例）、气阴两虚证组（50例）、心肾阴虚证组（14例）和痰阻心脉证组（10例）。经冠状动脉造影明确冠状动脉病变,分析不同证型对住院期间和短期预后的影响。结果252例患者中,三支和二支病变者182例（72．2％）,B型和C型病变214例（85．0％）,左主干病变44例（17．5％）,慢性完全闭塞病变68例（27．0％）。痰阻心脉证组（10例）、心血瘀阻证组（178例）、心肾阴虚证组（14例）、气阴两虚证组（50例）患者SYNTAX评分分别为（33．2±2．0）、（29．7±2．3）、（27．6±1．9）、（28．5±2．5）分,痰阻心脉证组SYNTAX评分明显高于心肾阴虚证组及气阴两虚证组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。痰阻一tk,脉证组三支病变（7／10）、左主干病变（5／10）、慢性完全闭塞性病变（4／10）、c型病变（9／10）比例均明显高于其他3组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。住院期间4组均无主要心血管不良事件（MACE）发生。随访半年时痰阻心脉证组MACE发生率（3／10）高于心血瘀阻证组[3．9％（7／178）]、气阴两虚证组[4．0％（2／50）]和心肾阴虚证组（0）。结论ACS主要中医证型为心血瘀阻证。尽管痰阻心脉证患者较少,但冠状动脉SYNTAX积分高,病变高危复杂,短期预后较差,临床上应该高度重视这一证型的患者,及早行冠状动脉检查以明确病变并规范治疗。     

盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊与醋氯芬酸片治疗肘关节创伤性关节炎的疗效比较

目的比较盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊与醋氯芬酸片治疗肘关节创伤性关节炎的临床疗效。方法选取2015年9月—2016年9月在郑州市第一人民医院接受治疗的肘关节创伤性关节炎患者86例,根据治疗方案的不同分为治对照和组疗组,每组各43例。对照组口服醋氯芬酸片,0.1 g/次,2次/d。治疗组口服盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊,0.75 g/次,2次/d。两组患者均连续治疗6周。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的血清学指标、美国特种外科医院膝关节(HSS)评分和视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为67.44%、88.37%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清Dickkopf-1(DKK-1)水平均明显升高,而硬骨素、护骨素(OPG)水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组HSS评分均明显升高,而VAS评分均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度明显优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊治疗肘关节创伤性关节炎的疗效优于醋氯芬酸片,能改善临床症状,调节血清学指标,安全性较好高,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

舒血宁注射液治疗急性脑梗死患者的临床研究

目的：观察舒血宁注射液对脑梗死急性期患者血浆内皮素（ET） 含量的影响及临床疗效。方法：将脑梗死急性期患者206例随机分为舒血宁组104例和对照组102例，对照组应用基础治疗，共14 d，舒血宁组用基础治疗加生理盐水250 mL+舒血宁20 mL静滴,qd，共14 d。分别于治疗前和治疗后14 d取静脉血2 mL测定血浆ET水平,并应用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表NIHSS评分标准进行疗效评价。结果: 与对照组相比，舒血宁组治疗14 d后血浆ET水平较低，差异有统计学意义（P=0.009 8）,NIHSS评分显著改善（P=0.005 2）。结论:舒血宁能够降低急性脑梗死患者的血浆ET水平和NIHSS评分。