siRNA干扰沉默S100A4基因表达对喉癌Hep2细胞周期和侵袭的影响

目的应用RNA干扰技术下调喉癌Hep2细胞中S100A4基因的表达,探讨其对Hep2细胞周期和细胞侵袭力的影响。方法脂质体法转染S100A4siRNA至Hep2细胞。Real-time PCR和Western blot验证S100A4基因mRNA和蛋白水平的表达,流式细胞术和transwell实验分别检测下调S100A4表达对Hep2细胞周期和侵袭能力的影响。结果 S100A4 mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低,细胞增殖指数显著降低,并且处于G1期细胞数明显增多,细胞侵袭能力显著降低。结论 S100A4siRNA转染喉癌Hep2细胞能有效下调S100A4基因的表达,从而影响Hep2的细胞周期和抑制细胞的侵袭能力。     

Noteworthy effect of slight variation in aliphatic chain length of trisubstituted imidazole inhibitors against epidermal growth factor receptor L858R/T790M/C797S mutant in cancer therapy

11h is a very potent inhibitor against epidermal growth factor receptor triple mutation L858R/T790M/C797S (EGFR^TM) with 13‐fold stronger potency than the FDA‐approved osimertinib. Recently, two new EGFR^TM inhibitors, 11d and 11e , were reported which revealed 2.8‐ and 2.3‐fold stronger potency than 11h , respectively. 11h , 11d, and 11e have the same structures but differ only in their aliphatic chain length. However, the exact effects of differential aliphatic chain length on the inhibitory potencies of these compounds require further elaboration at the atomistic level, hence the objective of this report. Various computational tools were employed for this purpose. From our findings, it was revealed that van der Waals (vdW) interactions modulate the binding mechanisms of these inhibitors and play the most important role in the differential inhibitory activities of 11d , 11h, and 11e . The strong hydrogen bond formation between the aliphatic chain of 11d and key residue ARG841 was recognized as the reason for its higher activity and inhibitory potency relative to 11h and 11e . Moreover, the extension of the N‐terminal loop into the active site for vdW interaction with the phenyl group of 11e and carbon–hydrogen bond formed between the aliphatic chain of 11e and LEU718 engendered a higher activity of 11e than 11h .     

霍山石斛对高脂诱导的LDLR基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化和血管钙化的影响

目的 研究霍山石斛(DH)对高脂食物诱导的雄性低密度脂蛋白受体基因敲除(LDLR－/－)小鼠动脉粥样硬化(As)和血管钙化的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法 LDLR－/－小鼠随机分为对照组和霍山石斛组(DH组)。喂养18周后对小鼠处以安乐死,收集血清、主动脉、肝脏等。分析血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)的水平;对全主动脉及其根部切片进行油红O染色,检测动脉粥样硬化斑块面积;主动脉根部切片分别做天狼猩红和茜素红S染色,分析斑块稳定性和血管钙化程度;再对肝脏及其冰冻切片进行检测,分析其脂质积累情况。结果 霍山石斛喂食LDLR－/－小鼠18周后,与对照组比较,DH组小鼠血清TG水平下降(P＜0.05),但不影响血清中转氨酶及其他脂质水平。与对照组比较,DH组小鼠全主动脉及主动脉根部的粥样硬化斑块面积均减少约20%(P＜0.05);斑块损伤区域的胶原纤维含量增加约70%(P＜0.05),从而提高斑块的稳定性,且斑块中坏死核心的发生发展也受到明显抑制;对主动脉根部切片的茜素红S染色发现,对照组主动脉根部钙化面积占比1.34%,而DH组主动脉根部钙化面积占比为0.88%,减少了约34%(P＜0.01)。结论 霍山石斛可以抑制动脉粥样硬化和血管钙化的发生发展。     

大鼠抑郁行为与海马及额叶皮层S100β及脑源性神经影响因子表达的相关性

目的 研究慢性不可预见性温和刺激(CUMS)所致大鼠抑郁行为与前额叶及海马中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)和S100β表达的相关性。方法 大鼠分为安慰剂对照组、安慰剂应激组及药物应激组,使用CUMS方案建立大鼠抑郁模型,以旷场实验、糖水偏好实验、新物体识别实验评估大鼠行为,酶联免疫吸附方法测定S100β和BDNF的表达。结果 安慰剂应激组小鼠糖水偏爱率(52.48±13.14)%、基本动作(845.8±371.4) s、精细动作(565.6±211.9) s、静止时间(282.6±11.8) s,与安慰剂对照组(84.30±6.15)% (t=7.49,P=0.000)、(1239.1±281.6) s (t=2.83,P=0.008)、(801.8±150.9) s (t=3.05,P=0.003)、(268.2±12.8) s (t=2.72,P=0.001)相比差异有统计学意义,而和药物应激组相比,糖水偏爱率(80.55±11.31)%(t=5.39,P=0.000)、基本动作(1156.4±314.7) s (t=2.13,P=0.031)、精细动作(736.1±150.0) s (t=2.21,P=0.008)差异有统计学意义,安慰剂应激组大鼠前额叶与海马中BDNF蛋白表达量与药物应激组及安慰剂对照组相比差异均无统计学意义,安慰剂应激组大鼠前额叶内S100β的表达量(13.22±2.23) ng/g与药物应激组(10.55±2.72) ng/g相比差异有统计学意义 (t=2.67,P=0.014)。Pearson相关分析显示,大鼠前额叶及海马内BDNF蛋白表达水平与S100β表达呈正相关(r=0.35,P=0.034;r=0.36,P=0.034),行为学上新物体识别指数与海马内BDNF蛋白表达呈正相关(r=0.38,P=0.021),精细动作与前额叶内S100β表达呈负相关(r=-0.36,P=0.037)。结论 慢性应激导致大鼠出现的不同抑郁行为选择性地与不同脑区中S100β与BDNF蛋白表达具有相关性,S100β及BDNF蛋白独立参与调节抑郁症的病理过程。     

血清LP-PLA2、S100B、炎性蛋白与ICU老年骨科术后患者谵妄发生及预后的关系分析

目的探究血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2（LP-PLA2）、S100B蛋白（S100B）、C反应蛋白（CRP）与重症加强护理病房（ICU）老年骨科患者术后谵妄（POD）发生及预后的关系。方法选取ICU老年骨科手术患者97例作为研究对象,根据术后48 h是否发生谵妄分为POD患者24例（观察组）,术后未发生谵妄患者73例（对照组）。比较两组血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP水平,采用接收者操作特征（ROC）曲线及ROC曲线下面积（AUC）分析血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP预测POD发生的截断值、敏感度、特异度,比较观察组治疗前后血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP水平及不同血清水平患者临床疗效总评量表（CGI-SI）、谵妄严重程度（DRS）评分,采用Pearson分析血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP与CGI-SI、DRS评分的关系。结果观察组出术后恢复室前、术后24 h血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP水平高于对照组（P<0.05）;预测POD发生的AUC：术后24 h CRP＞术后24 h LP-PLA2＞出术后恢复室前CRP＞术后24 h S100B＞出术后恢复室前LP-PLA2＞出术后恢复室前S100B（P<0.05）;术后24 h LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP联合预测POD的AUC大于任何单一指标（P<0.05）;观察组治疗后血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP水平低于治疗前（P<0.05）;血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP高表达者CGI-SI、DRS评分高于低表达者（P<0.05）;血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP与CGI-SI、DRS评分呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论ICU老年骨科术后POD患者血清LP-PLA2、S100B、CRP呈高表达,可预测POD的发生风险,并与患者病情、预后有关。     

Lower Extremity Revascularization Using Directional Atherectomy: 12-Month Prospective Results of the DEFINITIVE LE Study

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of directional atherectomy (DA) for endovascular treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in infrainguinal arteries in patients with claudication or critical limb ischemia.BackgroundTo date, no prospective, multicenter, independently-adjudicated study has evaluated the effectiveness and durability of DA in the treatment of PAD. Previous DA studies have not been prospectively powered to evaluate any differences in outcomes in patients with and without diabetes.MethodsDEFINITIVE LE (Determination of EFfectiveness of the SilverHawk® PerIpheral Plaque ExcisioN System (SIlverHawk Device) for the Treatment of Infrainguinal VEssels / Lower Extremities) prospectively enrolled subjects at 47 multinational centers with an infrainguinal lesion length up to 20 cm. Primary endpoints were defined as primary patency at 12 months for claudicants and freedom from major unplanned amputation for critical limb ischemia (CLI) subjects. A pre-specified statistical hypothesis evaluated noninferiority of primary patency in diabetic versus nondiabetic claudicants. Independent angiographic and sonographic core laboratories assessed outcomes, and events were adjudicated by a clinical events committee.ResultsA total of 800 subjects were enrolled. The 12-month primary patency was 78% (95% confidence interval: 74.0% to 80.6%) in claudicants, with a 77% rate in the diabetic subgroup versus 78% in the nondiabetic subgroup (noninferior, p < 0.001). The rate of freedom from major unplanned amputation of the target limb at 12 months in CLI subjects was 95% (95% confidence interval: 90.7% to 97.4%). Periprocedural adverse events included embolization (3.8%), perforation (5.3%), and abrupt closure (2.0%). The bail-out stent rate was 3.2%.ConclusionsThe DEFINITIVE LE study demonstrated that DA is a safe and effective treatment modality at 12 months for a diverse patient population with either claudication or CLI. Furthermore, DA was shown to be noninferior for treating PAD in patients with diabetes compared with those without diabetes. (Study of SilverHawk/TurboHawk in Lower Extremity Vessels [DEFINITIVE LE]; NCT00883246).     

十二指肠球部和末端回肠黏膜菌群多样性分析

目的分析十二指肠球部与末端回肠正常状态下黏膜菌群多样性,比较不同部位菌群组成情况。方法选择胃镜及肠镜检查的健康体检者各15例,分别钳取十二指肠球部和末端回肠黏膜组织,使用16S rRNA测序法对球部和末端回肠黏膜组织进行生物信息分析。另外又选取8例球炎患者和15例末端回肠炎患者进行对比分析。结果球部黏膜菌群测得个28个门,397个属。末端回肠黏膜测得25个门,344个属。两个部位在门水平上均以梭杆菌门、变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门为主要菌群,球部优势菌群所占比例依次为49.43%、25.93%、8.68%、5.19%、5.76%;末端回肠优势菌群比例依次为38.30%、29.61%、17.56%、8.15%、3.70%。属水平球部黏膜以鲸甘菌属、气单胞菌属、贪铜菌属、不动杆菌属、梭菌属为主要菌群,比例依次为49.38%、6.42%、5.62%、4.78%、3.84%;末端回肠黏膜以鲸甘菌属、贪铜菌属、气单胞菌属、拟杆菌属、不动杆菌属为主要菌群,比例依次为37.56%、12.83%、4.2%、3.84%、2.74%。球部正常黏膜与炎症状态菌群组成差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。末端回肠正常黏膜与炎症状态菌群差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论不同部位的肠道黏膜菌群分布存在差异,球部黏膜菌群比末端回肠黏膜菌群更多样。球部黏膜菌群失调参与炎症发生;末端回肠黏膜菌群在炎症状态下有轻微改变。     

A Unique Evolution of the S2 Gene of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus in Hosts Correlated with Particular Infection Statuses

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is a member of the Lentivirus genus in the Retroviridae family that exhibits a genomic structure similar to that of HIV-1. The S2 accessory proteins play important roles in viral replication in vivo and in viral pathogenicity; however, studies on S2 evolution in vivo are limited. This study analyzed the evolutionary characteristics of the S2 gene of a pathogenic EIAV strain, EIAV_LN40, in four experimentally infected horses. The results demonstrated that 14.7% (10 of 68 residues) of the stable amino acid mutations occurred longitudinally in S2 during a 150-day infection period. Further analysis revealed that six of the ten mutated residues were positively selected during the infection. Alignment and phylogenetic analyses showed that the S2 gene sequences of viruses isolated from the infected horses at the early stage of EIAV_LN40 infection were highly homologous and similar to the vaccine-specific sequence. The S2 gene variants isolated from the febrile episodes and late phase of infection became homologous to the S2 gene sequence of the inoculating EIAV_LN40 strain. Our results indicate that the S2 gene evolves in diversity and divergence in vivo in different stages of EIAV infection and that this evolution correlates with the pathogenicity of the virus.     

基于荧光共振能量转移技术的快速检测CA16型手足口病病原体新方法的建立及其评价

目的：基于荧光共振能量转移（FRET）技术建立一种柯萨奇病毒A组16型（CA16）手足口病病原体快速检测的新方法,并对检测效果进行评价,使其达到疾病爆发流行期间大样本量检测的要求。方法：采用SDS-PAGE凝胶电脉技术和蛋白浓度定量试剂盒测定CA16鸡卵黄抗体（CA16-IgY）纯度及蛋白水平,采用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价及特异性,采用紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）、红外光谱（FTIR）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）等方法对所制备的金纳米粒子（AuNPs）及其生物探针（IgY-AuNPs）的尺寸、形貌和性能进行表征;基于FRET技术构建CA16检测体系,通过优化检测体系中IgY-AuNPs浓度、氯化钠（NaCl）用量和荧光恢复时间等指标,对检测方法的灵敏度、特异度和临床样本检测进行评价。结果：CA16-IgY纯度较高,抗体平均蛋白水平为12.15 mg·L^-1,抗体效价高达1：128 000,特异性良好;AuNPs及IgY-AuNPs的UV-Vis、FTIR和TEM观察结果,IgY已成功标记至AuNPs表面,提示已通过静电自组装成功制备了可以特异性识别CA16的IgY-AuNPs。基于FRET技术构建CA16检测体系,体系经优化后,确定IgY-AuNPs的最佳浓度为0.52×10^-3g·L^-1,NaCl的最佳用量为40 μL,荧光恢复最佳时间为90 min,建立的检测方法的标准曲线为I_525nm=15.452IgC-9.746,R²=0.993 2,检测限为1×10⁴ PFU·mL^-1,与临床检测金标准实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）法比较,一致率可达93.75%。结论：成功建立了CA16型手足口病病原体的快速检测新方法,可用于实验室和临床检测。