硝酸钐对雄性小鼠若干免疫功能影响的研究

无机稀土盐经消化道摄入和腹腔注入间存在吸收率的差别，为更准确地模拟稀土钐进入动物体的方式，我们采用亚慢性染毒方式用小鼠开展了这方面的实验研究。     

Effects of Terminalia catappa seeds on sexual behaviour and fertility of male rats

Aim: To evaluate the aphrodisiac potential of Terminalia catappa Linn. seeds using a suspension of its kernel (SS) in 1% methyl cellulose in rats. Methods: Male rats were orally treated with 1500 mg/kg or 3000 mg/kg SS or vehicle, and their sexual behaviour was monitored 3 h later using a receptive female. Another group of rats was orally treated with either 3000 mg/kg SS or vehicle for 7 consecutive days. Their sexual behaviour and fertility were evaluated on days 1, 4 and 7 of treatment and day 7 post-treatment by pairing overnight with a pro-oestrous female. Results: The 1500 mg/kg dose, had a marked aphrodisiac action (prolongation of ejaculation latency) but no effect on libido (% mounting, % intromission and % ejaculation), sexual vigour (mounting-and-intromission frequency), or sexual performance (intercopulatory interval). In contrast, the higher dose (3000 mg/kg) reversibly inhibited all the parameters of sexual behaviour other than mounting-and-intromission frequency and copulatory efficiency. The effects of high dose SS were not due to general toxicity, liver toxicity, haemotoxicity, stress, muscle deficiency, muscle incoordination, analgesia, hypoglycaemia or reduction in blood testosterone level. They were due to marked sedation. Conclusion: The kernel of T. catappa seeds has aphrodisiac activity and may be useful in the treatment of certain forms of sexual inadequacies, such as premature ejaculation.     

十一酸睾酮与棉酚合用对雄大鼠生育力的影响

本研究探讨十一酸睾酮(TU)与醋酸棉酚(G)序列使用对雄大鼠生育力的影响。SD 雄大鼠肌注TU 12mg/kg 共3次,9/10鼠生育力下降至零(P<0.001),附睾精子密度和活率明显下降(P<0.001);然后胃饲G 12mg/kg·d,每周6日,共3个月。使雄鼠可维持在不育状态,无论在注射TU 或胃饲G 期间,大鼠体重增长如常。停用棉酚3周后,10鼠中6只生育力恢复,停用5周后10鼠生育力全部恢复。二药合用可减少各自的用药量,因TU 所致睾丸体积缩小及单用棉酚引起的不良反应的均可有所减轻,为降低二药的副作用提供了一条可能的途径。     

不同血管活性药物对大鼠阴茎组织一氧化氮合成酶活性变化的影响

目的 观察不同血管活性药物对大鼠阴茎海绵体组织一氧化氮合成酶(NOS）活性变化的影响。方法 50只Wistar雄性大鼠，随机分成生理盐水对照组(NS)、乙酰胆碱组(Ach)、罂粟碱组(Papavcrine)、前列腺素E1组(PGE1）受硝普钠组(SNP)，通过双波长分光光度计检测用药后各组中每个阴茎组织NOS活性。结果 （1）Ach组中NOS活性明显升高(P＜0．001）；(2)PGE1和SNP组NOS活性明显降低(P＜0．001，；(3）Papaverine组对NOS活性变化无影响(P＞0．05)。结论 Ach通过升高阴茎组织中NOS活性而使刖茎勃起，而PGE1、SNP和Papaverine诱导阴茎勃起，可能是通过其它途径来实现的。     

大鼠肺鳞癌模型两种麻醉方法的比较

目的 探讨不同麻醉方法建立大鼠肺鳞癌模型的差异.方法 体重180～220 g Wistar大鼠,依不同麻醉方法分为2组实验I组(110只)用0.3%戊巴比妥钠麻醉;实验Ⅱ组(80只) 基础麻醉用盐酸氯胺酮44 mg/kg,然后乙醚吸入麻醉.两组均采用额镜直视法,灌注3-甲基胆蒽(MCA)、二乙基亚硝胺(DEN)与普通碘油混悬液于大鼠左下叶支气管.结果 麻醉显效时间和维持时间分别为Ⅰ组,(23.50±1.98) min,(246.56±15.46) min,Ⅱ组,(3.05±0.45) min,(12.47±1.35) min,两组间有显著性差异(P＜0.01);灌注成功率、存活率、诱癌率分别为Ⅰ组94.55%,48.08%,90.00%,Ⅱ组93.75%,90.67 %,92.65%,两组成功率、诱癌率差异无显著性(P ＞ 0.05),存活率有显著差异(P ＜0.01).分别于不同时间处死大鼠,2组基本病理过程相同.结论 戊巴比妥钠麻醉剂量易控制,以小剂量灌注雄性大鼠为佳;盐酸氯胺酮与乙醚复合麻醉较难控制,但速度快,实用性强.     

黄芩鼠尾草的急性毒性和亚急性毒性研究

测定了黄芩鼠尾草Salvia scutellarioides Kunth茎皮和叶水提取物经口给药的急性和亚急性毒性；也评价了该提取物对血压正常动物的影响。 1）在急性毒性实验中，3只雌性和3只雄性小鼠灌胃给以水提取物2g／kg，观察给药后4h的中毒症状，记录24h后存活小鼠数量及它们在此后13d中每天的症状。2）在亚急性毒性实验中，30只Wistar大鼠随机分为3组（每组10只），每组雄、雌大鼠各半。     

梅花鹿血液的生化指标

对8只雄性梅花鹿血液血象与生化指标检查证实:梅花鹿血的红细胞数为1250万/Inln,红细胞平均Hb含量为38.7 Pg,红细胞平均Hb浓度970 lL,都远远高于人正常生理值,因此含有丰富的含铁血红素和氧。检测的7种主要酶也远远高于人正常生理值,其中磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK)、a羟了酸脱氢酶(HBD)、磷酸肌酸激酶辅酶分别为327单位/升、639单位/升、772单位/升,是人正常生理值7-10倍。     

铬及其化合物对雄(男)性生殖毒理学研究进展

铬为动物和人体内必需的微量元素,参与糖、蛋白质、核酸和脂肪的代谢,促进机体生长发育,也促进细胞的增殖和分裂。因此,适当剂量的铬对人体健康有利。但长期过量接触铬化合物对人体产生不良影响。铬及其化合物在许多工业生产中被广泛应用。经常暴露于铬化合物的工作场所有冶金、镀铬、不锈钢     

Genistein inhibits carotid sinus baroreceptor activity in anesthetized male rats

Aim: To study the effect of genistein (GST) on carotid baroreceptor activity (CBA). Methods: The functional curve of carotid baroreceptor (FCCB) was constructed and the functional parameters of carotid baroreceptor were measured by recording sinus nerve afferent discharge in anesthetized male rats with perfused isolated carotid sinus. Results: GST at 50, 100, and 200 μmol/L inhibited the CBA, which shifted FCCB to the right and downward, with a marked decrease in peak slope and peak integral value of carotid sinus nerve discharge in a concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with 100 μmol/L N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, did not affect the effect of GST on CBA. Pretreatment with 500 nmol/L Bay K8644, an agonist of calcium channels, could completely abolish the effect of GST on CBA. A potent inhibitor of tyrosine phosphatase, sodium orthovanadate (1 mmol/L), could attenuate the inhibitory effect of GST. Conclusion: GST inhibits CBA, and the effect may be mediated by protein tyrosine kinase inhibition and a decrease in Ca^2 influx through the stretchactivated channels.     

局麻药物对粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子表达及皮肤愈合的影响

<正>近年来研究发现局麻药存在新型作用。这些作用属于或超出临床麻醉与疼痛治疗范畴,且对临床应用与器官、组织功能的影响利弊共存。局麻药伤口浸润镇痛作为一种简单、有效、廉价的术后镇痛方式,被广泛应用于临床。本研究的目的是为了确定切口处浸润局麻药物是否会影响切口处粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)的表达从而影响伤口愈合,为临床合理用药提供参考。1材料与方法1.1实验动物及主要试剂