IVF-ET后发生妇科肿瘤2例报告及临床分析

近年来，随着不孕症患者的日益增多，试管婴儿(IVF-ET)作为一项有效的助孕技术，在临床上得到了越来越广泛的应用。在成功率升高的同时，一些原来不为人所重视的副作用也逐渐显露出来。本文以我院2例因IVF-ET引起的妇科肿瘤患者为例，就肿瘤的发生、病理生理及临床特点、经验教训等作初步探讨如下。     

营养素食预防化疗患者便秘的效果观察

目的 观察营养素食预防化疗患者便秘的效果。方法 选择128例化疗患者，随机分为观察组和对照组各61例，对照组常规正常饮食，观察组于化疗开始当天实施营养素食．连续7～10d，比较两组患者便秘发生率及体重、血红蛋白、白蛋白等指标。结果　对照组便秘发生率显著高于观察组（P〈0．01）；两组化疗后营养指标比较，差异无显著性意义（均P〉0．05）。结论　营养素食对化疗患者便秘有较好的预防作用。     

浆膜受侵的结直肠癌术后腹腔化疗联合静脉化疗的临床研究

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy to systemic chemotherapy alone for serosa-involved colorectal cancer. Methods According to the criteria of serosa-involving in colorectal cancer, 332 cases were divided into 2 groups prospectively without randomization. Study group (n=166) was treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy, and control group (n=166) with systemic chemotherapy alone. Incidence of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis, hepatic metastasis, other distant metastasis and 3-year, 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of two groups were compared. Results 3-year and 5-year OS rates of stage Ⅱ B in study group were similar to those in control group (χ2=0.612,P=0.434). The above rates of stage Ⅲ in study group were higher than those in control group (χ2=3.989,P=0.046). Either the study group or the control group, the 3-year and 5-year OS rates of patients undergone laparoscopic surgery or open surgery were similar (P=0.839, P=0.172). Incidences of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis in study group were 1.9%, 3.8% and 3.8% respetively, lower than those in control group (8.2%,9.5% and 10.1%,P<0.05). Distant metastasis rate in study group was similar to that in control group. In study group, intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen with Oxaliplatin had lower rates of peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis as compared to that with Cisplatin (0.9% vs 8.8% ,P=0.019), while the incidences of local recurrence and other distant metastasis were similar. Conclusions Postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy improves 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates in patients with stage Ⅲ serosa-involved colorectal cancer, and decreases local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and liver metastasis rate, especially when intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen contains Oxaliphtin. Comparing with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery dose not improve 3-year and S-year overall survival rates in patients receiving combined chemotherapy or systemic chemotherapy alone.     

膀胱内给予BCG与丝裂霉素C预防Ta和T1期膀胱癌复发的比较

背景：Ta和T1期膀胱癌经尿道切除术（TUR）后的肿瘤复发是重要的临床问题.膀胱内给予丝裂霉素C（MMC）或BCG证明有预防作用,但两者都可引起局部和全身副作用.施行系统评价以比较这两种药物的效果.     

Syndecan-1和E-candherin在声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨Syndecan—1和E—candherin两种黏附分子在声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达情况及与喉癌生物学行为之间的关系。方法：应用SP免疫组织化学法检测了38例声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌和7例喉黏膜慢性炎症组织中的Syndecan-1和E—candherin的表达并根据阳性瘤细胞占肿瘤细胞总数的比率进行半定量分析和统计检验。结果：Syndecan-1和E—candherin的阳性染色部位主要集中于细胞膜，E—candherin也可表达于细胞间质。Syndecan-1和E-candherin在恶性程度高的癌细胞上膜表达明显缺失，并与组织学分化、肿瘤大小密切相关。Syndecan-1和E-candherin在喉鳞状细胞癌细胞上的表达结果有相关性，但无敏感性差异。结论：Syndecan-1和E-candherin的表达可能在声门上型喉鳞状细胞癌的发生发展等生物学行为中起着重要的作用。     

转移瘤致股骨近端病理骨折的治疗

目的　探讨转移瘤致股骨近端病理骨折的治疗方法。方法　分析 1995年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 5月手术治疗的 16例的临床资料。结果　无手术并发症 ,术后疼痛明显缓解 ,伤口除 1例浅层感染外 ,余愈合良好。所有病例均存活在 3个月以上 ,14例术后继续原发肿瘤治疗。结论　股骨近端转移瘤所致的病理骨折应积极行手术治疗 ,内固定以带锁髓内钉加骨水泥为好。     

计算机在肿瘤防治中的应用

医疗信息资源是对患者健康情况、病情变化和进行医疗保健康复的历史记录，是医院和医务人员进行医疗、教学、科研工作的宝贵资料。我院是一所以肿瘤防治为中心，集医疗、防治、科研、教学为一体的综合性医院。年住院肿瘤患者人数占总住院人数的30％以上，肿瘤防治工作需整理大量的与肿瘤有关的信息资料形成一个能为临床及科研服务的信息资料系统，手工     

骨盆相位阵列MRI技术对肛管肿瘤化疗效果的评价

KohDM，Dzik—Jurasz A，Tait D等人应用骨盆相位阵列MRI技术对肛管肿瘤患者进行化疗效果评价。15例肛管肿瘤的患者在化疗前、后进行T2加权和短反转时间恢复序列影像检查。肿瘤反应的评估是通过记录肿瘤大小和信号强度的改变进行的。在6个月的监测中肿瘤区域的MRI信号异常比例的下降幅度[平均54．7％（46％～62％）]较之刚治疗后的下降幅度[平均38．6％（30％～46％）]有大幅增高（P=0．002，t检验）。其中7／12例在1年后肿瘤区域的T2信号稳定减少，     

颈椎慢性化脓性骨髓炎1例报告

脊柱化脓性骨髓炎是一种少见而严重的疾病．容易与脊柱结核、脊柱肿瘤等混淆而造成误诊。我院于2006年7月收治1例较为复杂的颈椎化脓性骨髓炎患者．报告如下。     

中医药在恶性肿瘤治疗中的作用与意义浅析

从目前恶性肿瘤治疗的现状出发，探讨了恶性肿瘤疗效评价体系的完善和中医药疗效特点，强调了中医药在治疗恶性肿瘤领域内的作者和地位，并提出了作者对如何进一步提高中医药治疗恶性肿瘤的水平的思路。