大血小板比率测定及其对血小板计数的影响

对正常血小板组 15 0例、低血小板组 10 0例分别用手工法、ADVIA 12 0血液分析仪、Coulter JT血液分析仪计数血小板和大血小板。结果 :大血小板比率 (P LCR)的参考范围为 0 .5 %～ 17.1% ,低血小板组 [(15 .2±9.4 ) % ]较正常血小板组 [(9.1± 4 .3) % ]显著增高 (P <0 .0 5 )。正常血小板组 3种方法检测无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;低血小板组阻抗法与手工法比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,二维激光散射法与手工法比较无显著性差异。表明不同实验室P LCR的参考范围相差较大 ,大血小板可致阻抗法血液分析仪血小板计数假性偏低 ,ADVIA 12 0血细胞分析仪为检测血小板的较准确仪器。     

经远外侧入路切除颈静脉孔区肿瘤14例

目的 颈静脉孔区肿瘤位于颅底深部，临近主要动静脉及颅神经，手术显露困难。介绍选用远极外侧入路能良好暴露该区。方法 经切除14例颅底颈静脉孔区肿瘤，三维CTA模拟手术入路9例。结果 肿瘤全切除8例，大部切除6例。术后病人临床症状均较术前明显改善。结论 笔者就诊断特点、分型和手术入路选择等进行讨论，提出了选用远外侧入路对该肿瘤的手术优点。     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

阴道彩超在早期输卵管妊娠诊断中的价值

输卵管妊娠是妇产科常见的急腹症之一，近年来发病率有上升趋势，严重者可危及患者生命，故输卵管妊娠的早期诊断就显得尤为重要。本文对经阴道彩超诊断的24例早期未破裂型输卵管妊娠进行回顾性分析，总结分析其二维声像图和彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）特征，旨在提高对本病的早期诊断水平，为临床提供更可靠的诊断依据。     

复方角菜酸酯栓在痔上黏膜环形切除钉合术后的临床应用评价

目的评价复方角菜酸酯栓对缓解痔上黏膜环形切除钉合术(PPH)后患者早期不适症状方面的疗效。方法选取2002年11月至2003年7月行PPH的80例患者,随机分为治疗组(复方角菜酸酯栓组,42例)和对照组(常规处理组,38例),分别记录两组患者术后24h和第6及第12天时的症状改善情况、术后24h有无尿潴留情况、术后首次排便时间、试验结束时伤口愈合情况、住院时间和换药次数、停药及停药的原因以及伴随用药情况。结果术后24h治疗组患者症状总得分(4.4)较对照组(6.1)低,P<0.05。但至术后第6和第12天时,两组症状得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组患者在各时间点的症状得分减少值均高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者在术后24h出现尿潴留的比率和住院天数方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论复方角菜酸酯栓对于缓解PPH术后早期的不适症状效果良好。     

蓬勃发展的良乡医院

房山区良乡医院地处良乡卫星城中心地段，是一家集预防、医疗、教学、科研和社区卫生服务为一体的综台性二级甲等医院。是北京市医疗保险定点A类医院，设有北京市120医疗急救分中心，拥有高级职称和学科带头人近百名，总建筑面积32000平方米，固定资产16亿元，住院床位478张。2004年通过ISO9001国际质量管理体系认证。     

骨髓基质干细胞修复兔关节软骨缺损的实验研究

目的研究以多聚乙醇酸(PGA)为支架的骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)复合物修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的情况。方法体外培养扩增的自体BMSCs种植于PGA支架并培养72h,然后将支架-细胞复合物植入兔关节软骨缺损模型。术后12周处死动物,标本行大体观察、组织学检查及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色。结果BMSCs-PGA复合物植入后形成丰富的透明软骨样修复组织,新生软骨无明显退变。对照组主要为纤维组织及软骨下骨修复。结论BMSCs-PGA复合物可修复关节软骨缺损。     

p16^INK4A在宫颈细胞学中的辅助诊断作用

p16^INK4A作为人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)活动的标志在宫颈高度病变中的表达阳性率高，且呈较强及弥漫表达。将p16^INK4A免疫组化染色检查方法和宫颈细胞学方法结合，可以增加细胞学诊断的准确性，因此可以更好地发现高危患者，指导其治疗和随访，尤其对于细胞学涂片为非典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)的患者，可减少过度创伤性诊治和随访次数，有重要临床应用价值。     

皮肤美容及整容

美学及医学美学与皮肤；美容皮肤科学的进展（继续医学教育）；A型肉毒毒素在美容外科的应用体会；保湿护肤品（继续医学教育）；保湿眼膜对眼周皮肤滋润作用的评价；