应用“小处方”临症治验四则

“小处方”药精而力专，临症应用常可获奇效。笔者从事中医临床30余年．常用“小处方”而起沉疴，现举临床医案四则，以飨同道。     

2种方法对腹泻婴幼儿脱水程度评价的比较研究

<正>用2种方法判断腹泻婴幼儿脱水程度,制订补液方案,通过其补液效果的观察与对比,阐述评价脱水程度临床指标的局限性;通过对头皮静脉压(SVP)的测定及其与体质量变化关系的研究,寻求一种能客观反映腹泻患儿有效循环量的定量标准。将2006年3月至2008年3月住院的腹泻婴幼儿63例随机分为2组,临床组33例,按临床评价方法判断脱水程度,测量SVP、体质量,验证体质量下降百分比与SVP     

急性阑尾炎术后继发严重腹泻并发症的中西医治疗

急性阑尾炎术后继发严重腹泻并发症在临床上虽不多见，但一旦发生常给患者术后恢复及生活质量带来较大影响。我院自2002年10月-2005年12月共进行阑尾切除术324例，其中术后发生严重腹泻并发症29例，经采用中西医结合治疗取得满意效果。现报告如下：     

2006至2008年山西省太原市古交地区感染性腹泻流行情况分析

目的为了解本地区感染性腹泻流行特点极其变化规律。方法采用描述流行病学的方法对山西省太原市古交疾控中心收到的疫情报告资料进行了统计分析。结果发病高峰在9～12月份,最高为12月份,3年总病例数为3074例,病毒感染性腹泻以≤5岁儿童为主,3年为1531例,占总数的51.12%,细菌感染性腹泻以城乡结合部的寄宿制学生为主,占总数的29%,细菌以沙门菌、大肠埃希菌为主,病毒感染以诺如病毒、轮状病毒为主。结论除霍乱,伤寒,副伤寒及痢疾外的感染性腹泻发病率仍然较高,且呈上升趋势,并出现了新的流行规律及特点,导致爆发的因素仍然存在,因此防治感染性腹泻的策略及措施应不断加强和改善。     

DETECTION OF HIGH-PATHOGENICITY ISLAND-HARBORING ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN WITH DIARRHEA DISEASE IN CHINA

[Objective] To investigate the etiologicla status of etiologica status of high-pathogenicity island-harboring Escherichia coil(HPIEC) in dianhea disease among children. [Method] Diarrheagenic Esoherichia coli was isolated and identified from the stool specimens of 1032 children with dianhea diseases by culturing, serotyping, Polymerase chain reaction amplification (PCR), the High-pathogenicity island-harboring Esoherichia coli (HPIEC) was identified by PCR and in situ hybridization. [Results] A total of 652 strains of E.coli isolated from 1032 stool specimens and confirmed by serotyping, PCR and colony hybridization out of which 225 were identified as diarrheagenic E.coil,including 20 EPEC,81 ETEC, 47 SLTEC, 74 ESIEC, and 3 EIEC strains. 112(17.2%)irp2 virulent gene positive E.coli (HPIEC) were detected from the 652 strains, out of which 24 were from the 74 ESIEC strains and 17 from the 47 SLTEC strains. The typical clinical symptoms of children with diarrhea disease caused by HPI- harboring E.coli included anorexia(87.5%) ,abdominal pain(58.0%), diarrhea (75.9%,Over six episoders, mostly of mucous stool a day), and fever(50.9%). [Conclusion] High-pathogenicity island-harboring E.coli is one of the important pathogens of diarrhea diseases in children.     

自制“速效疫泻停口服液”治疗小儿秋季腹泻389例

近年来,我们采用“自制速效疫泻停口服液”治疗秋季腹泻,疗效较为满意,现将389例总结分析报告于下:临床资料389例中男207例(53.2％),女182例(46.8％),发病年龄最小为3个月,最大为45/12岁;发病季节:10月份176例(45.2％),11月份203例(52.2％),12月份10例(2.6％)。治疗方法处方组成:猪苓、苍术、藿香、姜半夏、炒白芍、生麦芽,金樱子、车前子、柴胡、煅龙骨。配制方法:上药经认真筛选后煎煮、滤渣浓缩灭菌后装瓶备用。用法用量;2岁以内每次服10～20毫升,2岁以上每次服20～40毫升。