猪心模型在二尖瓣外科修复教学中的应用

<正>由于二尖瓣修复手术保留了二尖瓣的完整自然结构,能获得较好的心脏功能储备,且能避免人工瓣膜置换相关的近远期不良事件,是瓣膜性疾病最理想的治疗方法。目前国外医疗中心二尖瓣修复术约占二尖瓣手术总量的50%,某些医疗中心甚至明显超过二尖瓣置换术,达到80%以上。而在中国,二尖瓣修复术占二尖瓣手术总量的比例低于5%,即使在心脏外科手术超过千例的医疗中心也不超过10%,这不仅远远低于欧美发     

冷浸泡法保存缺血猪心

为探寻供心来源和延长心脏保存时间，本实验采用与人心大小、重量、冠状血管结构及传导系统均相似的成年猪心13个。取心前放血2000～3000ml，经灌注心停搏液后即浸泡于4℃该液体中保存2．50～6．08h（平均4．60±0．36h）。11个心脏用初始稀释血行体外循环心脏复苏并测试心功能，用温血心麻痹液再灌注（5～8min）以减轻再灌注损伤，另2个心脏于保存6h后行超微结构观察。7个心脏自动复跳，4个需电击除颤，测试心排量为2725±246ml／min，其中1个心脏保存6h，心排量达4200ml／min。在保存6h心脏心肌超微结构无不可逆损伤。结论：既使在严重急性失血情况下，采用冷保存法和温血心麻痹液再灌注复苏，可使猪心保存期延长至6h。     

保留冠状动脉的猪心螺旋形心室肌带的解剖

Objective Based on the Helical Ventricular Myocardial Band (HVMB) theory proposed by Torrent-Guasp,the ventricular myocardial hand extends from the root of the pulmonary artery to the root of the aorta with two helical coils.This new theory is considered as a revolutionary concept for further understanding the global, three-dimensional and functional architecture of the ven- tricular myocardium. No repot had described techniques for disecting HVMB while keepin～ the integrity of the coronmy artery sys- tern. We explored techniques for dissecting HVMB in swine.Methads 33 fresh swine hearts were randomly divided intoll groups, 3 bearts in each. 160% barium sulfate (type I)suspmmion was injected into the coronary artery system. The coronary arteries were li- gated. The strial tissue was removed following puuing the hearts in boiling water then cooling for several hours. The superficial coro- nary vessels and fat tissue around the atrio-ventricular taxi inter-ventricular sulcus we～'e preserved. Some branches of the left anterior descending artery, distal segment, of posterior descending branch, and middle and distal segment of obtuse marginal branches were mu- tilated appropriately. HVMB dissection was completed with fingers in accordnce with Torrent Guasp' s technique. Results A contin- ued bundle of muscle, originated at the root of pulmonary artery and ended at the root of aorta, was unwrapped along the major dire- tion of the cardiac muscle fiber in all of the 33 hearts with spating of the coronary artery. The swine hearts' ventricular myocandium was cumosed of two loops, with basal loop firm the root of the pulmonart artery to the anterior papillary muscle and apical from the beginning of the anterior papillary muscle to the root tithe aorta. Each loop consisted of two segments: the right segment-coincid- ing with the right ventricular free wall and the left segment-coinciding with the basal d the left ventricular free wall. Posterior papillary muscle, which belongs to the descendant segment, denmrcated the border between the descendent and the ascendant of the HVMB's apical loop. Conclusion Although controversies about the theory of the HVMB remain, we have dissected the HVMB in the swine hearts' ventricular myocardium successfully with sparing of the coronary artery systems. This dissection procedure provides technical information for the studies of associated diseases based on the theory of HVMB.     

抗钙化猪心包三叶瓣人工管道制备及初步应用

我院从1996年开始将抗钙化猪心包制成三叶瓣缝于人工血管内，制成人工管道。并应用于2例矫正型大动脉转位取得成功。现报告如下。     

猪心解剖的实践教学与探讨

心脏是血液循环的动力器官,心脑血管病也已成为当今人类生命各健康受到严重威胁的疾病[1],掌握心脏结构与功能有着重要的意义。猪心的结构与人类几乎相同,观察猪心结构、分析猪心功能对人类心脏结构与功能了解帮助极大,笔者在解剖学实验教学中,充分运用猪心进行替代解剖,取得了     

猪心左房容量的超声实验研究

目的用二维超声对猪心左房测量内径、容量、测算左心房计算容量与实测容量的相关性,以此来验证左心房测量方法的准确性.材料与方法取发育成熟猪心,用二维超声测量左心房左右径、上下径、前后径,用椭球体公式计算出左心房容量,然后切开左心室,封闭二尖瓣,实际测量左心房容量.结果左心房左右径为24.97±2.47mm、上下径35.41±2.58mm、前后径22.06±2.31mm;左心房计算容量11.29±1.77cm3、实测容量10.56±2.14ml,两者相关系数为0.968.结论通过动物试验,左心房从三条径线计算容量是正确可行的,用计算机软件可为临床计算左心房容量提供快速方便的方法,这为解决目前国内外左心房标准不统一提供了一个可行的方法.     

猪的药用介绍

笔者搜集了一些与猪有关的药膳和药方，特介绍如下。 猪心：柏子仁炖猪心：柏子仁10～15g，猪心1个。将柏子仁放人猪心内，盛在碗中，加入少量黄酒、盐、糖及生姜，隔水炖熟，切片分2天食完。5天左右炖1次，一般2～3次即可。功效：养心安神，补血润肠。主治：心血不足而致心悸、怔忡、失眠等症，     

新鲜及短时冷冻猪心所制心悬浮液效果的比较

考察了由新鲜猪心和和短时（７２小时）冷冻猪心制成的心悬浮液测定细胞色素Ｃ酶活力的影响。结果表明，二者测定结果基本一致。     

保留冠状动脉的猪心螺旋形心室肌带的解剖

Objective Based on the Helical Ventricular Myocardial Band (HVMB) theory proposed by Torrent-Guasp,the ventricular myocardial hand extends from the root of the pulmonary artery to the root of the aorta with two helical coils.This new theory is considered as a revolutionary concept for further understanding the global, three-dimensional and functional architecture of the ven- tricular myocardium. No repot had described techniques for disecting HVMB while keepin～ the integrity of the coronmy artery sys- tern. We explored techniques for dissecting HVMB in swine.Methads 33 fresh swine hearts were randomly divided intoll groups, 3 bearts in each. 160% barium sulfate (type I)suspmmion was injected into the coronary artery system. The coronary arteries were li- gated. The strial tissue was removed following puuing the hearts in boiling water then cooling for several hours. The superficial coro- nary vessels and fat tissue around the atrio-ventricular taxi inter-ventricular sulcus we～'e preserved. Some branches of the left anterior descending artery, distal segment, of posterior descending branch, and middle and distal segment of obtuse marginal branches were mu- tilated appropriately. HVMB dissection was completed with fingers in accordnce with Torrent Guasp' s technique. Results A contin- ued bundle of muscle, originated at the root of pulmonary artery and ended at the root of aorta, was unwrapped along the major dire- tion of the cardiac muscle fiber in all of the 33 hearts with spating of the coronary artery. The swine hearts' ventricular myocandium was cumosed of two loops, with basal loop firm the root of the pulmonart artery to the anterior papillary muscle and apical from the beginning of the anterior papillary muscle to the root tithe aorta. Each loop consisted of two segments: the right segment-coincid- ing with the right ventricular free wall and the left segment-coinciding with the basal d the left ventricular free wall. Posterior papillary muscle, which belongs to the descendant segment, denmrcated the border between the descendent and the ascendant of the HVMB's apical loop. Conclusion Although controversies about the theory of the HVMB remain, we have dissected the HVMB in the swine hearts' ventricular myocardium successfully with sparing of the coronary artery systems. This dissection procedure provides technical information for the studies of associated diseases based on the theory of HVMB.     

猪心药膳方

治胃气胀：猪心1个，小茴香15g。将猪心洗净剖开，把小茴香放入猪心内，用麻绳或棉线捆紧，放入碗内，置锅中蒸熟后食用，不放盐。分1次或2次吃完，汤一同喝下。不可隔夜食用，小茴香不能吃。