复方五味子胶囊亚急性毒性研究

目的研究复方五味子胶囊的亚急性毒性,为其食用的安全性提供实验依据。方法 Wistar大鼠雌雄各40只,随机分为低、中、高剂量组[分别为2. 67、4. 00、5. 33 g/(kg·BW)]及对照组4组,每组雌雄各10只,连续喂养30天,对各剂量组大鼠各项指标进行观察,并对数据进行统计分析。结果各剂量组与对照组大鼠在试验过程中均生长良好,各剂量组的增重、食物利用率、进食量、脏/体比、血液学指标、血液生化指标、主要器官组织病理学检查等指标与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义。结论本实验条件下,该复方五味子胶囊具有较好的安全性。     

Xpert MTB/RIF检测技术对肺结核的诊断价值

目的探讨Xpert MTB/RIF检测技术在肺结核中的诊断价值。方法选取2017年9月至2019年7月于武汉大学中南医院住院疑似肺结核的765例患者为研究对象。本研究共收集到428份痰液、263份肺泡灌洗液及74份胸水,分别进行涂片抗酸染色和Xpert MTB/RIF检测,同时采集到237例患者的静脉血,用于进行γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)。以临床最终诊断结果为金标准评估和比较各种检测方法对肺结核的诊断价值。结果 765例疑似肺结核患者中,195例被确诊为肺结核,570例为非肺结核,Xpert MTB/RIF检测对肺结核的诊断灵敏度为54.87%,特异度为99.12%,阳性预测值为95.54%,阴性预测值为86.52%,准确度为87.84%,阳性检出率为14.64%,同时可测得利福平耐药性检出率为6.25%;涂片抗酸染色镜检诊断肺结核的灵敏度为12.31%,特异度和阳性预测值均为100.00%,阴性预测值为76.92%,准确度为77.65%,阳性检出率为3.14%;χ2检验结果显示,Xpert MTB/RIF诊断肺结核的阳性检出率、灵敏度及准确度均明显高于涂片镜检,差异均有统计学意义...     

异体手移植的组织配型探讨

目的：研究组织配型在异体肢体移植中的基础作用和意义。方法：对患者和供者进行ABO血型和Rh血型，群体反应性抗体（PRA）检测及淋巴细胞毒性试验，测定人类白细胞抗原（HLA），结果：ABO血型（B－B）Rh血型相符，PRA和淋巴毒性交叉实验均为阴性，人类白细胞抗原（HLA）配型HLA－B，D，DR，DQ位点有4个抗原相合，手术后联合免疫抑制剂，移植双手成功，结论：理想的组织配型可避免异体手移植发生排斥反应，提高异体手移植成功率。     

抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征7例的临床分析

本院自１９９０年至２０００年１０年间，共收治抗利尿激素分泌异常综合征（SIADHS）病人７例，现报道如下。资料和方法１．一般资料：本组７例病人中男性４例，女性３例；年龄为２０岁～７０岁，平均４２岁；其中５例为车祸，２例为高处坠伤。受伤时GCS评分４～５分３例，６～８分４例。有颅底骨折症状５例，广泛脑挫伤并有额叶底部挫伤４例，有颅内血肿４例。同时伴有以上情况的３例。２．临床症状：本组病人都有不同程度的昏迷，时间由３小时至１周不等，伴有高热２例，伴视神经损伤１例。因出现恶心、呕吐、精神变化３例，意识由清…     

体外药敏试验ATP-TCA与流式细胞仪在肝癌化疗中的应用

目的 探讨体外化疗药敏试验系统（ATP-TCA系统）联合流式细胞仪（FCM）在肝癌化疗中的应用及其结果之间的关系。方法 取24例肝癌切除，活检或穿刺组织行体外药敏试验和流式细胞仪P170检测，并分析二者间的关系。结果 ATP-TCA的可评估率为91.67%;10种化疗药物的敏感率分别为：氟尿嘧啶5.00%，诺消灵5.00%，顺铂14.26%，足叶乙甙19.05%，草酸铂19.05%,丝裂霉素23.81%，表阿霉素28.57%，开普拓45.46%，健择47.62%，泰素63.64%；P170检测阳性率为57.14%；丝裂霉素，表阿霉素的敏感率在P170阴性表达时高，开普拓健择，泰素的敏感率高且在P170阳性表达和阴性表达时无显著差异。结论 ATP-TCA法联合FCM可较好用于肝癌化疗药物的筛选；丝裂霉素，表阿霉素可用于P170阴性表达的病人，开普拓，健择，泰素可用于P170阳性表达的病人。     

肾移植患者细菌谱的调查及耐药性的研究

目的：通过调查研究肾移植患者常见致病菌株分布特点及其对抗生素敏感性的规律，进一步提高临床治疗肾移植后感染患者的成功率。方法：1997年4月－2000年5月间，对拟诊为呼吸系和／或泌尿系细菌感染的肾移植患者进行，取其痰，咽拭子或中段尿标本进行细菌培养并作24种常用抗生素药敏试验，对结果进行统计学分析。结果：共有653份标本培养结果阳性，其中痰标本233份，咽拭子173份，中段尿247份，主要阳性菌株是铜绿假单胞菌，肺炎克雷伯杆菌，大肠杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌等。敏感率较高的抗生素有万古霉素，亚胺培南，阿米卡星和头孢他啶等，耐药率较高的有青霉素，氨苄西林，红霉素，苯唑西林和头孢唑林等。结论：（1）肾移植后感染的主要菌株种类与其他患者有所不同；（2）肾移植患者的感染菌株对抗生素敏感率最高的依次为万古霉素，亚胺培南，阿米卡星和头孢他啶，但耐药性也正在逐渐增强（3）肾移植患者的感染主要发生在呼吸和泌尿系统，其他部位的感染少见；（4）痰和咽拭子来源的细菌株对抗生素更敏感，中段尿来源的细菌则耐药株相对多见。     

甲状旁腺激素对系膜细胞合成分泌纤连蛋白的影响

在慢性肾病早期,血清甲状旁腺激素(PTH)水平即已显著增高。增高的PTH对大部分组织脏器,都有负性影响,而当行甲状旁腺切除降低PTH水平后,其异常的指标可以得到明显的改善。PTH是一种新型的尿毒症毒素已为学者们所共识。我们曾证实,系膜细胞上也存在PTH受体,PTH与受体结合后,能显著促进系膜细胞的增殖,并刺激系膜细胞合成与分泌TGF-β[1]。为进一步探讨     

股骨内上髁撕脱骨折16例手术体会

目的：弄清股骨内上髁撕脱骨折是否合并胫侧副韧带损伤，避免不必要的手术。方法：对16例认为合并有胫侧副韧带断裂的股骨内上髁撕脱骨折病例进行手术探查。结果：所有病例均未发现胫侧副韧带的断裂。结论：术前应仔细检查。作膝关节外翻应力位摄片，以明确诊断，一般情况下，股骨内上髁撕脱骨折不会合并胫侧副韧带断裂。     

尿阴路沟肠杆菌感染临床特点及药敏分析 阴沟肠杆菌尿路感染临床特点及药敏分析

阴沟肠杆菌是肠杆菌属中的一种，为条件致病菌。近年来，临床感染不断上升。本菌引起的尿路感染也呈现上升趋势＾[1]，为进一步了解其临床特点及抗生素敏感性，对6年来30例阴沟肠杆菌尿路感染进行总结分析如下。     

抗HLA和抗MICA抗体的表达对移植肾功能和急性排斥反应的预示作用

Objective To investigate the prediction of anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies (HLA) and anti-major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A antibodies (MICA) to the development of acute rejection (AR) and kidney allograft function. Methods Forty-one kidney transplant patients were prospectively tested for anti-HLA and anti-MICA. Thirty-seven patients were screened using Luminex/single-antigen beads to determine the HLA and MICA-specific antibody levels at 0,30,90, 180,360,720 and 1080 days post-transplantation. The patients and donors of HLA and MICA allele typing were determined by PCR-SSOP, and donor specific antibody (DSA) and non-donor specific antibody (NDSA) were identified.Simultaneously,their serum creatinine (SCr) levels and clinical data were analyzed. Results Nine patients (21.95 % ,9/41 ) had pre-existing anti-HLA and(or) anti-MICA, including 6 cases of anti-MICA,2 cases of anti-HLA, and one case of anti-MICA and anti-HLA. Nine patients had pre-existing DSA and NDSA. In the 37 patients, 6 patients (16.2% ) developed de novo anti-HLA, and 3 (8.1%) developed de novo antiMICA. In patients positive for de novo anti-HLA, the titer of antibody was gradually increased during the follow-up of three years. Four patients out of 9 patients with pre-existing antibodies were suffered from AR (44.4%); In 6 patients positive for de novo anti-HLA,three cases (50.0%) were suffered from AR; In three patients positive for de novo anti-MICA,no AR occurred (P＜0.05). In two patients positive for DSA of HLAⅡ antibody detected at the third and seventh day after transplantation, the renal grafts were renovecd due to rejection. The Scr levels in patients positive for pre-existing MICA with AR were higher than in those positive for pre-existing MICA without AR at each scheduled time point during the follow-up period (P＜0.05). The Scr levels in patients negative for antibodies pre-transplantation and having AR were higher than in those having no AR at each scheduled time point during the follow-up period (P＜0. 01 ). The Scr levels in patients positive for de novo HLA and MICA and having AR one month following transplantation were higher than in those negative for antibodies and having no AR (P＜0.01 ). Conclusion Pre-existing and de novo anti-HLA were the irnportant factors for the development of AR, but the mismatch of HLA and MICA alleles in donors and patients was primary causes for generation of de novo antibodies.