谈酒精中毒病人暗示催眠的护理

慢性酒精中毒病人住院后由于种种原因夜间出现不同程度的睡眠障碍，对此医生最常用的药物为佳乐定(阿普唑仑)。该药经常服用易产生药物依赖，病人为索取该药常纠缠护士，这既给护理带来不必要的负担，又给病人造成药物依赖的可能。为解决这一问题，经同医生研讨，医生同意护士在值班时有权对服用佳乐定的患者用维生素B1替代，即药物暗示性催眠护理。经对106例酒精中毒睡眠障碍者采用该法临床观察结果表明，效果甚佳。     

定肺汤加减治疗婴幼儿呼吸道感染心得

目的：探讨定肺汤加减治疗婴幼儿呼吸道感染效果。方法：对新野县歪子镇卫生院患呼吸道感染的儿科患者应用定肺汤。结果：1998年2月～2008年6月以定肺汤治疗婴幼儿呼吸道感染895例，有效率为96．2％。结论：定肺汤抗病毒治疗总是欠佳，而结合中医的定喘汤合补肺汤（以下简称定肺汤）加减，效果明显增加，特别是对体弱易患儿及迁延难愈的患儿，不但能及时治愈，且能有效防止复发。     

氯雷他定伪麻黄碱双层缓释片的制备及体外释药的影响因素

[目的]探讨氯雷他定伪麻黄碱双层缓释片的制备及体外释药的影响因素。[方法]以羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)为骨架材料，以湿法制粒压片制备双层缓释片，考察HPMC用量、PVP用量及乙醇浓度对主药体外释放的影响，优化处方工艺。[结果]经检测表明，所制备的双层缓释片与国外进口分装产品主药释放度相似，且处方设计合理，制备方法极为简单，质控容易，稳定性理想。[结论]本试验制得的双层缓释片，缓释效果明显，药物释放达到药典对缓释片各取样点累积释放百分率的要求，而且新的制备工艺简单易行，生产成本低，片剂外观、可压性良好，证明该工艺应用于工业化大生产是可行的。     

12例重度急性有机磷农药中毒抢救的临床分析

目的对12例重度AOPP抢救成功临床经验分析。方法急救方案：①彻底洗胃机洗胃迅速清除毒物；②洗胃同时及早、足量、正确应用特效解毒剂(阿托品及碘解磷定)；③对症及支持治疗。结果12例中无1例发生“反跳“现象，均痊愈出院。结论重度AOPP抢救成功的急救措施是及早洗胃机洗胃，同时正确应用特效解毒剂及内科综性治疗。     

氯雷他定与西米替丁合用治疗慢性荨麻疹42例

荨麻疹是一种血管反应性皮肤病，临床以皮肤精膜的局限性，瘙痒性，暂时性潮红斑和风团为特征，病程超过6～8周为慢性荨麻疹。近几年来，我科使用氯雷他定与西米替丁合用治疗慢性荨麻疹42例，治愈36例，无明显不良反应，收到满意的效果，临床上可推广应用，现报告如下。     

氯雷他定（分散片）治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床试验观察

目的：观察氯雷他定(分散片)治疗慢性荨麻疹的疗效及安全性。方法：每日一次口服氯雷他定(分散片)10mg，连续用药2周。结果：1周有效率40％，2周有效率87．5％。结论：氯雷他定(分散片)治疗慢性荨麻疹的疗效明确，副作用少，安全性。     

鞘内注射吗啡加可乐定对切口痛大鼠脊髓背角蛋白激酶A催化亚单位表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal clonidine plus morphine on expression of protein kinase A (PKA) catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups: sham group, control group, pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group, pro-incisional clonidine 5 μg group and preincisional morphine 2.5 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group (n=16). lntrathecal catheter and the model of incisional pain were pro-duced according to Yaksh and Brennan's described method respectively. Changes of pain behavior were assessed by mechanical with-drawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency(TWL). The expressions of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were assessed by immunohistochemical method and western blotting analysis. Results Compared with sham group, MWT and TWL in control group were decreased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were increased significantly in control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, MWT and TWL in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 lag group were increased significantly at 2 h after incision (P<0.01) and the number of positive cells and protein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn were decreased significantly in pre-incision morphine 2 μg plus clonidine 5 μg group (P<0.01). However, MWT, TWL and the number of positive cells and pro-tein expression of PKA catalytic subunit in the spinal dorsal horn changed with no statistical significance in pre-incisional morphine 2.5 μg group and pre-incisional clonidine 5 μg group compared with control group. Conclusion lntrathecal clonidine significantly enhances the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine in a rat model of incisional pain, which might be associated with inhibi-tion of the increased expression of PKA catalytic subunit in spinal cord.     

噻氯匹定对血浆蛋白原的影响

噻氯匹定(ticlopidine,坻克力得、力抗栓)是一种血小板功能抑制剂.近年来随着对脑卒中治疗方法和药物的研究,对人体凝血机制以及抗凝机理的研究也日益增加,新型抗凝血药也在不断地被开发应用.噻氯匹定是一种比较新的抑制血小板功能的药物.临床用药表明,该药可明显延长凝血时间,发挥抗凝作用.但噻氯匹定对脑卒中患者血浆纤维蛋白原的影响尚未见国内有报道.我们通过41例脑卒中患者服用该药前后各项实验指标的观察,探讨噻氯匹定的抗凝机制.l 材料与方法1.1 仪器 血液凝固分析装置(日本东亚医用电子株式会社制造);Cell-DYN-1400(美国贝克曼公司制造).1.2 药品 盐酸噻氯匹定(法国产,批号为0295 067,剂量为0.25mg).     

福康片对海洛因依赖者脱毒的初步对照研究—附40例临床疗效观察

福康片系用于戒毒的纯天然中药片剂，为了验证其疗效，对４０例海洛因依赖者使用福康片脱瘾，２０例以可乐定作对照观察，结果发现脱瘾的头３ｄ治疗，福康片与可乐定均能明显减轻戒断症状，二者比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５），但福康片组有８７．５％的病例戒断症状于３—７ｄ内消失，提示有脱瘾效应。治疗过程中，比较安全，不良反应较轻。