如何计算体重指数?

问体重指数对健康的指导意义重大,那么如何计算体重指数呢?(江西许先生)答体重指数等于体重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方。其计算公式为:体重指数(BMI)=体重(公斤)÷身高(米)~2例如:一个人的身高为1.70米,体重为65公斤,他的BMI=65/1.70~2=22.5(千克/米~2)。由于亚洲人和欧美人属于不同人种,故世界卫生组织(WHO)制定的体重指数标准不是非常适合中国人的情况,为此制定了中国人的参考标准。     

云贵两省三地带绦虫的分子鉴定--核糖体DNA第一内转录间隔区(ITS1)限制性酶切片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析

目的用PCR-RFLP方法对rDNA-ITS1片段进行分析,以进一步明确云贵地区是否存在牛带绦虫亚洲亚种,并建立一种快速鉴定方法. 方法 取贵州都匀株(DY)、贵州从江株(CJ)、云南大理株(DL)带绦虫及台湾株(TW)成虫标本,剪取孕节,抽提DNA,PCR扩增rDNA- ITS1片段,分别用4种限制性内切酶MspI、CfoI、AluI、RsaI对扩增片段作酶切分析. 结果 PCR产物经AluI、RsaI酶切后, TW、DL、DY和CJ株RFLP图谱一致;经MspI、CfoI酶切后,TW、DL和DY株RFLP图谱一致,CJ株显著不同. 结论 1)DL和DY株与TW株同属牛带绦虫亚洲亚种;而CJ株是传统牛带绦虫;2)rDNA-ITS1的PCR-RFLP分析方法简便,可以用于带绦虫的分类学研究.     

亚洲蹲和西方蹲的下肢关节运动学和肌肉激活比较

目的分析比较亚洲蹲和西方蹲动作中下肢关节运动学和肌肉激活程度的差异。方法以11名健康成年人为研究对象,采用三维运动捕捉系统、测力台和表面肌电同步采集两种下蹲动作的运动学、动力学和肌肉激活信息,并通过OpenSim计算下肢肌力。结果在膝关节弯曲角度峰值时刻,亚洲蹲骨盆前倾,而西方蹲骨盆后倾;此外,与亚洲蹲相比,西方蹲具有显著较小的髋关节屈角、较大的膝关节屈角、较大的髋关节外展角和内旋角。在自重深蹲的下降期和上升期中,西方蹲的比目鱼肌力峰值均显著大于亚洲蹲,西方蹲的胫骨前肌力均显著小于亚洲蹲,峰值时刻未见统计学差异。结论在亚洲蹲中,胫骨前肌激活和近侧端关节前屈可能有利于稳定;而在脚跟抬起的西方蹲中,比目鱼肌激活显著,但两者近端肌肉激活模式相同。研究结果为临床深蹲康复方案制定或深蹲训练方式的选择提供理论指导。     

A comparison of the clinical, demographic and psychiatric profiles among patients with erosive and non-erosive reflux disease in a multi-ethnic Asian country

AIM: To examine the clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and compare erosive (ERD) with non-erosive (NERD) in terms of clinical, demographic and psychiatric profiles. METHODS: Patients with reflux symptoms were enrolled and stratified to NERD and ERD after endoscopy (LA classification). Patients with ERD presenting with dyspepsia were included. Patients on proton pump inhibitors (PPI) or H2 receptor antagonists before endoscopy were excluded. Demographic data, Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) status and presence of minor psychiatric morbidity (based on General Health Questionnaire-28) were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 690 patients screened, 533 were eligible for analysis (male to female ratio: 3:2; Chinese: 75.4%; Malay: 9.8%; Indian: 14.8%). Clinical spectrum of GERD: N: 40.5%; A: 46%; B: 9.2%; C: 2.1%; D: 0.6%; Barrett's esophagus: 1.7%. Compared to patients with NERD, patients with ERD were significantly older (45 vs 39.4 years), more likely to be male (64.4% vs 53.7%), tended to smoke (19.6% vs 9.7%), less likely to have minor psychiatric morbidity (26.4 vs 46.7%) and were more likely to respond to PPI (79.7 vs 66.8%). There was also a trend towards a higher BMI (24.5 vs 23.5). Race, alcohol consumption and H pylori status were not significant. On multivariate analysis, age and presence of minor psychiatric morbidity remained with significant differences. CONCLUSION: The majority of patients who have typical symptoms of GERD have NERD or mild erosive reflux disease. Compared to patients with erosive reflux disease, patients with NERD were younger and had a higher prevalence of minor psychiatric morbidity.     

Treatment responses in Asians and Caucasians with chronic hepatitis C infection

AIM：To conduct a multicentre retrospective review of virological response rates in Asians infected with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C（CHC） treated with combination interferon and ribavirin and then to compare their responses to that among Caucasians.
METHODS：Asian patients infected with genotype 1 CHC treated at 4 Australian centres between 2001 to 2005 were identified through hospital databases.Baseline demographic characteristics,biochemical,virological and histological data and details of treatment were collected.Sustained virological responses（SVR） in this cohort were then compared to that in Caucasian subjects,matched by genotype,age,gender and the stage of hepatic fibrosis.
RESULTS：A total of 108 Asians with genotype 1 CHC were identified.The end of treatment response（ETR） for the cohort was 79% while the SVR was 67%.Due to the relatively advanced age of the Asian cohort,only sixty-four subjects could be matched with Caucasians.The ETR among matched Asians and Caucasians was 81% and 56% respectively（P=0.003）,while the SVR rates were 73% and 36%（P 〈0.001） respectively.This difference remained significant after adjusting for other predictive variables.
CONCLUSION： Genotype 1 CHC in Asian subjects is associated with higher rates of virological response compared to that in Caucasians.     

亚洲移民存在感染HBV的高危险

美国CDC报告亚洲移民的慢性HBV感染发病率较高，提示有必要对患进行教育和筛查，在高危成人中免疫接种率低提示有必要加强患的教育和提高疫苗使用率，并且减少85岁以上人群从医院转向长期护理机构的数量。     

“舒霖伴侣”获亚洲区氧化酶机型准确度第一名

消费者在选购血糖仪时除了比较价格、功能外,更应重视血糖仪的准确度,8月16日在天津召开的、由中华医学会糖尿病分会主办的2014国际糖尿病管理论坛上发布的亚洲区首个血糖仪准确度评估报告,不仅引发业内广泛关注,也应供消费者参考和采纳。     

第七次中国老年口腔医学年会暨亚洲老年口腔医学学术研讨会第三届中华口腔医学会老年口腔医学专业委员会换届改选大会会议纪要

2012年6月9日—10日,为期两天的第七次中国老年口腔医学年会暨亚洲老年口腔医学学术研讨会在中国老年口腔医学年会暨亚洲老年口腔医学学术研讨会在北京解放军总医院国际会议中心隆重召开。这次会议由中华口腔医学会老年口腔医学专业委员会主办,由解放军总医院口腔医学中心承办,参会代表300余人次,其中有来自韩国、日本、印尼、泰国、     

第十次全国颞下颌关节病学及牙合学研讨会暨第三届亚洲颞下颌关节病学大会

由中华口腔医学会颞下颌关节病学及牙合学专业委员会主办,解放军总医院口腔医学中心承办的第十次全国颞下颌关节病学及牙合学研讨会,暨第三届亚洲颞下颌关节病学大会,国家级继续教育项目《颞下颌关节紊乱病及口颌面疼痛的基础与临床进展》学习班（2013-08-05-017国）,定于2013年6月6日-9日在北京亮马河饭店举办。届时将有来自丹麦、日本、韩国、新加坡等10余个国际和地区的专家学者参加本次大会。     

解读“亚洲人群糖尿病黄斑水肿管理专家小组共识”

随着糖尿病患病率的增加,全球糖尿病视网膜病变和糖尿病黄斑水肿患者人数日益增长,而亚洲糖尿病人口的增长预计将比全球平均增长更严重,主要归因于糖尿病发病较早、患者缺乏筛查意识导致就诊延迟、费用昂贵导致患者依从性差以及由于缺乏健康教育而对糖尿病的了解不足等因素。如何基于以上原因以及治疗方面进行规范管理一直是众多眼科医师的困扰。本文将对最新的“亚洲人群糖尿病黄斑水肿管理专家小组共识”进行解读,旨在帮助眼科医师对亚洲人群糖尿病黄斑水肿患者进行规范化诊治。