地塞米松对大鼠生长板软骨细胞TGF-β1表达的影响

目的观察药理剂量地塞米松对大鼠生长板软骨细胞TGF-β1表达的影响，探讨地塞米松抑制大鼠骨骼生长的机制。方法3周龄清洁级纯系雄性SD大鼠，随机分为实验组12只和对照组8只。实验组大鼠腹腔注射地塞米松（200μg／100g，10d）处理，对照组注射等容积的生理盐水。胫骨切片做TGF-β1免疫组化分析。结果对照组大鼠生长板TGF-β1免疫组织化学染色切片肥大带软骨细胞呈现免疫阳性反应。地塞米松处理使大鼠生长板肥大软骨细胞TGF-β1表达增加。结论药理剂量地塞米松促进肥大带软骨细胞表达TGF-β1，从而抑制骨骼纵向生长。     

放射免疫分析对血液病诊断的价值与进展

本文综述了放射免疫分析对血液病诊断的若干进展。血中β2m<或>6μg/ml 是 MM 选择简单或强烈诱导化疗的分界线。N-HD 和 HD 血清β2m 增高。恶性淋巴瘤、慢性髓细胞白血病和急性白血病的铁蛋白/铁比值明显高于正常人。FⅦ各成份的检测,可作为 vWD 诊断和分型的依据之一。DIC 和血栓性疾病时 AT-Ⅲ水平降低,如果结合生物学测定,可具有早期预测静脉血栓的价值。白血病患者血浆和尿中 cGMP 水平显著增高,cAMP/cGMP 克分子比值降低。有高度血管血栓形成危险的 PV 患者,多数存在着β-TG 和 PF-4的增高。     

米诺环素对压力作用下体外培养视网膜神经细胞凋亡的抑制

目的 观察米诺环素对压力系统作用下大鼠视网膜神经细胞(RNs)的活性及凋亡的影响，探讨其对受损RNs保护的可能机制。 方法 制备大鼠RNs体外加压培养模型，通过细胞形态学观察、四唑盐（MTT）比色法测定细胞活力、吖啶橙/溴化乙锭（AO/EB）染色法检测细胞凋亡率等方法观察不同浓度的米诺环素对上述损伤细胞的保护作用，并用免疫细胞化学法观察iNOS和caspase 3表达的改变。 结果 加压培养后RNs与对照组相比形态改变较明显，细胞活力降低，5393%的细胞发生凋亡。20000 μmol/L的米诺环素治疗组则细胞形态改善，活力显著增高，1729%的细胞发生凋亡；免疫细胞化学法显示细胞内iNOS和caspase-3表达较加压损伤组减少。 结论 一定剂量的米诺环素在体外可有效抑制压力引起的大鼠RNs损伤及凋亡；抑制iNOS和caspase-3的表达可能是其潜在作用机制。     

《日本农业新闻》最近报道：橘子越甜抗癌效果越好

《日本农业新闻》最近报道：吃柑橘能起到抗癌的作用，而且越甜的抗癌效果越好。据研究，柑橘之所以能抗癌，是因为其中含有大量β-玉米黄质。柑橘中的β-玉米黄质比我们所知道的胡萝卜中含有的β-胡萝卜素的抗癌效果要强上5倍。科学家们还发现，柑橘的含糖度越高，其中β-玉米黄质的含量就越多，因而抗癌效果也越好。     

尿转化生长因子-β1和细胞外基质在慢性肾小球肾病中的变化

目的：探讨尿中转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）和细胞外基质（ECM）在各种慢性肾小球肾病患者中的变化及其临床意义。方法：将105例慢性肾小球患者进行临床和病理分组,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）分别检测各组的尿TGF-β1水平,同时采用放射免疫分析法（RIA）检测尿中的各种ECM,所有检测值均用尿肌酐（Cr）浓度进行校正。结果：在不同临床分组中,尿TGF-β1/Cr和LN/Cr、PCⅢ/Cr、Ⅳ-C/Cr水平明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,尿HA/Cr水平则在Ⅲ、Ⅳ组中出现下降。而在不同的病理分组中,肾小球轻微病变（GML）组尿中TGF-β1、ECM与对照组比较无统计学意义,其他各病理分组则出现不同的变化。相关性分析尿TGF-β1/Cr与LN/Cr、PCⅢ/Cr、Ⅳ-C/Cr正相关,与HA/Cr无相关性。结论：通过尿TGF-β1和ECM在慢性肾小球肾病患者中的联合检测,对评价慢性肾小球肾病的进展和预后判断提供一定的临床价值。     

百令胶囊对大鼠肾小管间质纤维化的防治作用

目的：观察百令胶囊对肾小管间质纤维化的防治作用及其作用机制。方法：雄性SD大鼠90只,随机分为对照组（30只）、模型组（30只）、预防组（30只）。以2%腺嘌呤淀粉混悬液150mg.kg^-1.d^-1灌胃,连续17周,制作大鼠肾小管间质纤维化模型;预防组加以1.5g.kg^-1.d^-1百令胶囊溶于生理盐水灌胃以预防肾小管间质纤维化;对照组以等体积的2%淀粉溶液和生理盐水灌胃。分别于实验第7周、12周、17周时随机处死10只大鼠,进行血肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）,24h尿蛋白定量和尿NAG酶检测,光镜下观察肾组织的病理变化,计算肾小管间质纤维化指数;免疫组织化学法检测肾脏HGF、TGF-β1的表达情况。结果：（1）功能学变化：与对照组比较,各时相点模型组、预防组大鼠尿蛋白、尿NAG酶、Scr及BUN均升高（P〈0.01）,但预防组低于模型组（P〈0.01）;模型组、预防组自身对照各指标均较前一时相点升高（P〈0.01）。（2）病理学变化：7周时模型组、预防组即有肾小管间质损害;模型组、预防组自身对照肾小管间质损害均较前一时相点加重（P〈0.01）,但7周、12周时预防组肾小管间质损害均较模型组为轻（P〈0.01）,17周时两组间无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。（3）免疫组化：模型组、预防组大鼠肾脏HGF表达7周、12周时高于对照组大鼠（P〈0.01）,17周时低于对照组（P〈0.01）,且各时相点预防组均高于模型组（P〈0.01）;模型组、预防组自身对照均较前一时相点降低（P〈0.01）,17周时表达量最低。各时相点模型组、预防组大鼠肾脏TGF-β1的表达均高于对照组（P〈0.01）,且预防组均低于模型组（P〈0.01）,模型组、预防组自身对照均较前一时相点升高（P〈0.01）,17周时表达量最高。（4）HGF表达量与TGF-β1表达量呈负相关（r=-0.999,P〈0.01）。结论：百令胶囊对早期肾小管间质纤维化有一定的防治?     

三七总甙对人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞TGF-β1和细胞周期的作用

目的 观察三七总甙对人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞TGF-β1和细胞周期的作用。方法体外培养人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞，并应用三七总甙进行干预，用免疫细胞化学染色法结合图像分析观察TGF-β1的表达变化，用流式细胞仪测定细胞周期的变化。结果与对照组相比，三七总甙能够显著抑制细胞TGF-β1的表达，并使细胞停滞于S期，而G0-G1期、G2-M期细胞明显减少（P〈0．01）。结论三七总甙改变细胞周期和抑制增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞TGF-β1的表达，可能成为防治增生性瘢痕的药物。     

β-七叶皂甙钠联合甘露醇治疗脑梗塞疗效观察

我科自2001年10月-2002年7月应用β-七叶皂甙钠联合甘露醇治疗脑梗塞42例，取得良好疗效，报道如下。     

低蛋白饮食对环孢素A肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用

Objective To investigate whether low-protein diet has protective effect on the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephropathy. Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (6 rats in each group). The rats in control group (C group) received common diet; in model group (M group) low-salt diet; in intervention group (Ⅰ group) low-salt and low-protein diet. After diet adaptation period of one week, the rats in C group received subcutaneous injection of olive oil 1 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks, while M group and Ⅰ group subcutaneous injection of CsA (diluted into 25 g/L with olive oil) 1 ml/kg for 5 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week. The food-intake and body weight were measured daily. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) was examined before rats were sacrificed. The semi-quantitative pathological analysis on kidney sections was performed. The mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-βI) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) in kidney tissue was determined with real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results The food-intake and body weight of rats in M and I groups were significantly lower than those in C group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the Ccr levels in M and Ⅰ groups were significantly reduced [(0.65±0.15) ml/min, (0.40+0.13) ml/min vs (1.55±0.29) ml/min, P<0.05], the relative fibrosis areas of kidney interstitium in M and I groups were significantly increased (3.60%±0.46%, 3.26%±0.75% vs 0.44%±0.24%, P<0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 in M and I group was significantly up-regulated (by 2.6 and 3.1 times in mRNA and by 1.5 and 1.6 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of Col Ⅰ in M and I groups was also significantly up-regulated (by 3.0 and 3.5 times in mRNA and by 2.3 and 2.1 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05). There were no significant differences between M and I groups in every parameters above-mentioned except the rat body weight and Ccr. Both the body weight and Ccr in Ⅰ group were significantly lower than those in M group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the urine osmotic pressure in M group and in I group were deceased (for M group, P>0.05; for I group, P<0.05). Compared with C group, the serum cholesterol levels in M and I groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum phosphorus level in I group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of serum albumin and serum calcium of all three groups had no statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Low-protein diet has no renoprutective effects on the rat model of cyclosporin A nephropathy, on the contrary, may induce body weight loss.