Early fulminant leukaemia post autologous bone marrow transplantation in non-hodgkin’s lymphoma patients

Although autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) is a curative option for about 50% of the patients with progressive or relapsing Symphomas, considerable concern has been raised recently over the emerging rates of secondary malignancies following ABMT. A 15% cumulative incidence of myelodyspfasia 5 years after BMT is of major concern. We hereby describe a unique form of leukaemia occuring 4–6 weeks post ABMT for non-Hodgkin’s iymphoma patients. The possible etiology for this phenomenon as well as its relation to the classical MDS post ABMT is discussed.     

胃癌患者血清和组织一氧化氮水平变化及临床意义

应用比色法测定了３４例胃癌患者血清和组织粘膜的一氧化氮（ＮＯ）含量，并设３０例正常人及３０例球部溃疡为血清对照组。２３例组织对照组系取自癌旁组织（肉眼和病理均属正常）。结果显示胃癌患者血清一氧化氮水平明显低于正常对照组及十二指肠球溃疡组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而十二指肠球溃疡组则明显高于正常对组（Ｐ＜０．０１），胃癌组织中ＮＯ含量则显著高于癌旁组织（Ｐ＜０．０１）。研究表明当肿瘤发生时，经诱导活化的巨噬细胞可以产生大量的ＮＯ於病灶组织中而发挥其免疫功能，即ＮＯ直接作用于肿瘤细胞，启动机体其他免疫防御系统而杀伤肿瘤细胞并在粘膜损伤时有重要的修复功能。故而表现出血中ＮＯ水平下降，而胃癌组织局部ＮＯ水平升高。     

电视胸腔镜在胸部肿瘤中的应用

电视胸腔镜外科（ＶＡＴＳ）在胸部肿瘤的临床应用尚存争议。自１９９６年１０月～１９９７年８月，我科共行胸腔镜手术１６例：肺癌切除２例，纵隔肿瘤切除３例，恶性胸水行胸膜固定术２例，恶性心包积液行心包开窗术４例，常规开胸术前诊断性探查５例，初期结果较为满意。结论：ＶＡＴＳ创伤较小，安全有效。可选择性地用于胸部良恶性肿瘤的诊断和治疗。     

CD44分子的表达与喉癌颈淋巴结转移的相关性研究

目的 研究CD_44分子在喉癌组织中的表达及其与颈淋巴结转移的关系.方法 应用亲和免疫组织化学法(ABC法)对喉癌、喉乳头状瘤、喉白斑组织的CD_44分子进行了免疫组织化学检测.结果10例喉乳头状瘤及9例白斑病变CD_44均为低表达.45例喉癌中高分化鳞癌CD_44表达明显低于低分化鳞癌(P<0.005);伴颈淋巴结转移的喉癌CD_44表达明显高于无颈淋巴结转移的喉癌组织(P<0.001);T_3、T_4期喉癌CD_44表达明显高于T_1、T_2期(P<0.001).结论 喉癌组织CD_44分子的表达与喉癌组织分化、颈淋巴结转移及临床分期均密切相关,提示CD_44分子能客观反映喉癌组织的分化状态、肿瘤进展及转移潜力.CD_44高表达者侵袭力强,转移倾向明显.     

138例已绝经与未绝经子宫内膜癌患者临床病理分析

目的 回顾研究已绝经与未绝经子宫内膜癌的病理分型,组织分级和手术病理分期等.方法 分析1987年1月～1996年12月上海第一妇婴保健院收治的138例子宫内膜癌患者,其中已绝经者93例,未绝经者45例.所有的病人都进行了分段诊刮,134例经过手术治疗.标本均进行了病理诊断,并根据1988年FIGO标准进行分期,所得资料用X~2Fisher’s exact test分析.结果 已绝经组与未绝经组比较,早期患者(IaG_1)比例明显偏低,分别占6%与32%.(P<0.001).G_2、G_3和非内胰腺癌的发生率是高的,分别是71%和51%(P<0.05).Ⅰc、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期所占的比例较大,分别是40%和30%(P<0.001).五年生存率:已绝经组为74.2%,未绝经组91.4%,两者比较有明显意义(P<0.05).结论 已绝经子宫内膜癌患者预后较未绝经者差与临床和病理特点有关.     

Large Scale Manufacturing of B43(Anti-CD19)-Genistein for Clinical Trials in Leukemia and Lymphoma

We have conjugated the murine monoclonal anti-CD 19 antibody B43 to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein to construct an effective immunoconjugate against CD 19 antigen positive hematologic malignancies. The scaled-up production and purification of B43 antibody, genistein, and B43-Genistein immunoconjugate permitted the manufacturing of a highly purified clinical-grade B43-Genistein preparation. In clonogenic assays, B43-Genistein elicited selective and potent cytotoxicity against CD 19 antigen positive human leukemia cells. To our knowledge, this work represents the first effort of producing a clinical-grade genistein immunoconjugate for treatment of B-lineage leukemia and lymphoma.     

Pathological analyses of early recurrence and malignant transformation in meningiomas

We investigated factors of the early recurrence and malignant transformation of histologically benign meningiomas using immunohistochemistry for MIB-1 positive indices (PI) and p53 protein expression, a flow cytometric DNA analysis, and the examination of numerical chromosomal aberrations detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization using an α-satellite DNA probe and abcr gene locus-specific probe. Twenty-six meningiomas of 23 patients were classified into two groups: the 3 patients in whom a recurrence was defined within two years after initial surgery and who showed histologically malignant features were classified as the early recurrent group, and the other 20 patients in whom recurrence did not develop during the same period were classified as the nonrecurrent group. DNA aneuploidy was observed in 40% of the nonrecurrent patients and in 67% of the early recurrent patients. Loss of chromosome 22 was the most common numerical aberration, but the aberrations characteristic of early recurrent meningiomas were not detected. The MIB-1 PI values of the early recurrent meningiomas were higher than those of nonrecurrent meningiomas, suggesting that MIB-1 PI is very important for biological and histopathological analyses and prediction of the future recurrence of meningiomas.     

The role of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing patterns in the recent prostate cancer incidence declinein the United States

Objectives: Trends in first-time and later PSA procedure rates are ascertained using longitudinal data from a population-based cohort. These trends are compared to trends in prostate cancer incidence to determine the role of PSA in the recent decline in prostate cancer incidence.Methods: Medicare data were linked with tumor registry data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. A 5 percent random sample (n=39985) of Medicare beneficiaries from the SEER areas without a previous diagnosis of prostate cancer as of January 1, 1988 was followed through 1994. Trends in first-time PSA use were distinguished from those of second or later for men without diagnosed prostate cancer.Results: Trends in the rate of first-time PSA procedures track closely with trends in prostate cancer incidence rates, increasing until 1992 and decreasing thereafter. Similar patterns were observed by race and age group. Geographic variability in the dissemination of PSA screening was observed, yet the association between testing and incidence remained. Men in the cohort had a 4.7 percent chance of being diagnosed within three months of an initial PSA test, with the percentage falling for subsequent tests.Conclusions: It is informative to distinguish first from later tests when assessing the effect of the diffusion of a test in a population. Taking this approach was useful in illuminating the role of PSA testing in a reversal of a long-term increase in prostate cancer incidence rates.     

保尔佳对原发性肝癌患者sIL-2R、IL-6、TNFα的影响及促进肝癌细胞凋亡的初步研究

对２０例原发性肝癌患者（大剂量组１０例、小剂量组１０例）临床应用保尔佳１周，用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测治疗组用药前后外周血及用药后门静脉血的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ，ＩＬ－６，ＴＮＦα的水平变化及用末端转移酶标记法（ＴＵＮＥＬ法）检测治疗组肝癌细胞的凋亡情况，与未治疗组、正常对照组相比。结果表明，治疗组外周血ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显下降（大剂量组Ｐ＜０．０１、小剂量组Ｐ＜０．０５），ＩＬ－６水平明显上升（大剂量组Ｐ＜０．０１、小剂量组Ｐ＜０．０５），ＴＮＦα水平有所下降（大剂量组Ｐ＜０．０５、小剂量组Ｐ＞０．０５），治疗组门静脉血与外周血ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦα两者间无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＴＵＮＥＬ法检测显示保尔佳能促进肝癌细胞的凋亡（Ｐ＜０．０１，大、小剂量组间Ｐ＞０．０５）。且保尔佳对肝癌患者的血常规、肝功能等无不良影响。保尔佳是一种具有增强机体免疫功能、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡且无明显毒副作用的新型抗癌药物。     

RP-HPLC用于紫苏油及其习用品白苏油、野苏油的鉴别

本文采用RP－HPLC方法对紫苏油及其习用品白苏油、野苏油甘油酯进行了定性定量分析。利用HPLC分析油脂也为中药材真伪鉴别提供了一条有效途径。