Neurofilament heavy-chain NfH(SMI35) in cerebrospinal fluid supports the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonian syndromes.

We aimed to evaluate the potential of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) axonal damage biomarker NfH(SMI35) in the laboratory-supported differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes. Patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD; n = 22), multiple-system atrophy (MSA; n = 21), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP; n = 21), corticobasal degeneration (CBD; n = 6), and age-matched controls (n = 45) were included. CSF levels of NfH(SMI35) were measured using ELISA. Levels of CSF NfH(SMI35) were elevated in PSP compared to PD and controls (P < 0.05 each). They were also significantly higher in MSA than in PD and controls (P < 0.05 each). NfH(SMI35) differentiated PD from PSP with a sensitivity of 76.5% and a specificity of 94.4%. Axonal damage as measured by CSF NfH(SMI35) is most prominent in the more rapidly progressive syndromes PSP and MSA as compared to PD or CBD. CSF NfH(SMI35) may therefore be of some value for the laboratory-supported differential diagnosis of atypical parkinsonian syndromes.     

Diagnostic accuracy of progressive supranuclear palsy in the Society for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy brain bank.

Diagnostic accuracy has been addressed previously for Parkinson's disease in a brain bank collection, but accuracy of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) has not been addressed in a similar setting. Clinical and genetic features of pathologically confirmed cases of PSP were compared with misdiagnosed cases to determine ways to improve diagnostic accuracy. Medical records were reviewed for 180 cases sent to the Society of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Brain Bank that had standardized neuropathologic evaluations as well as determination of apolipoprotein E and tau genotypes. Of the 180 cases studied, 137 had PSP and 43 had other pathologic diagnoses. Corticobasal degeneration (CBD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD) accounted for 70% of the misdiagnosed cases. History of tremor, psychosis, dementia, and asymmetric findings were more frequent in misdiagnosed cases. The frequency of H1 tau haplotype (93 vs. 80%) and H1H1 genotype (86 vs. 66%) were significantly greater and APOE epsilon4 carrier state was significantly less (17 vs. 41 %) in PSP compared with misdiagnosed cases. Pathologic evaluation of clinically diagnosed PSP remains important for definitive diagnosis, and CBD, MSA, and DLBD are the disorders most likely to be misdiagnosed as PSP. Tremor, psychosis, early dementia, asymmetric findings, absence of H1 haplotype, and presence of APOE epsilon4 should raise questions about a diagnosis of PSP.     

PSP57不是增生和癌变前列腺组织PSP94 mRNA可变剪切特有的产物

目的：比较人正常,增生和癌变前列腺组织中ＰＳＰ９４和ＰＳＰ５７ｍＲＮＡ的表达情况。方法：提取事故死亡的正常成年人前列腺组织及手术得到的增生和前列腺癌组织总ＲＮＡ,进行ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ,其产物分别以ＰＳＰ９４和ＰＳＰ５７共有的外显子及ＰＳＰ９４外显子Ⅲ作探针进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ分析;ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ产物经克隆后进行序列测定。结果：三种前列腺组织中均有ＰＳＰ９４和ＰＳＰ５７ｍＲＮＡ的表达;人     

Akinesia and axial rigidity without limb rigidity: an intermediate form between progressive supranuclear palsy and pure akinesia of Imai and Narabayashi

We report five patients with atypical parkinsonism characterized by freezing phenomenon, akinesia and axial rigidity without limb rigidity or tremor. These patients were selected from 252 patients with parkinsonism who were referred to our clinic from 1986 to 1993. They have common clinical features consisting of freezing phenomena involving all four extremities, especially in the initiation of walking, and marked axial rigidity; otherwise, neither supranuclear ophthalmoparesis nor nuchal dystonia was noted. Their clinical features did not change over several years except in one patient who later developed typical manifestations of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Levodopa was of no effect on their symptoms. After excluding other possibilities, it is our conclusion that they represent an atypical form of PSP lying between the pure akinesia of Imai and Narabayashi and the typical form of PSP.     

云南产螺旋藻多糖抗氧化抗疲劳作用的实验研究

从云南产螺旋藻中分离纯化出螺旋藻多糖（PSP）。12～14 mo小鼠igPSP100mg/kg、200 mg/kg,能降低心、肝、脑组织MDA含量,增加 RBC及脑SOD活力,使全血及肝应GSH-Px活性及 GSH含量升高。3～4 mo小鼠 ig PSP 100mg/kg、200 mg/比可提高血清 LDH活力,降低运动后血乳酸水平,并能延长小鼠游泳时间。表明PSP具有较明显的抗氧化抗疲劳作用。     

Investigation of the Relationship Between Prostate Cancer and MSMB and NCOA4 Genetic Variants and Protein Expression

Two genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) identified the β‐microseminoprotein (MSMB) promoter SNP, rs10993994:C>T, as significantly associated with prostate cancer (PC) risk. Follow‐up studies demonstrate that the variant allele directly affects expression of the MSMB‐encoded protein, PSP94, and also suggest that it affects mRNA expression levels of an adjacent gene, NCOA4, which is involved in androgen receptor transactivation. In a population‐based study of 1,323 cases and 1,268 age‐matched controls, we found the NCOA4 SNP, rs7350420:T>C, was associated with a 15% reduction in PC risk, but the association was not significant after adjustment for the rs10993994:C>T genotype. Tumor tissue microarrays of 519 radical prostatectomy patients were used to measure PSP94 and NCOA4 protein expression. Taken together, these data confirm that the rs10993994:C>T variant allele is associated with decreased PSP94 expression, and the association is stronger in tumor compared to normal prostate tissue. No association was observed between rs10993994:C>T and NCOA4 expression, and only moderate associations were seen between two NCOA4 SNPs, rs10761618:T>C and rs7085433:G>A, and NCOA4 protein expression. These data indicate that the increase in PC risk associated with rs10993994:C>T is likely mediated by the variant's effect on PSP94 expression; however, this effect does not extend to NCOA4 in the data presented here.     

帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮对男性急性精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响

目的：探讨帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮治疗男性急性精神分裂症患者的临床疗效和安全性,以及对社会功能影响。方法将80例男性急性精神分裂患者随机分为两组,每组40例,研究组口服帕利哌酮缓释片治疗,对照组口服利培酮治疗,观察12周。治疗前后采用阳性与阴性症状量表评定临床疗效,个人和社会功能量表评定社会功能,副反应量表评定不良反应。结果治疗12周末两组阳性与阴性症状量表总分及各因子分均较治疗前显著下降（ P＜0．01）,研究组较对照组下降更显著（P＜0．01）;两组个人和社会功能量表总分较治疗前显著升高（P＜0．01）,研究组较对照组升高更显著（ P＜0．01）;研究组总有效率为85．0％,对照组为75．0％,两组比较差异无显著性（χ2＝2．54,P＞0．05）;研究组不良反应发生率为20．0％,对照组为42．5％,研究组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组（χ2＝4．71,P＜0．05）。结论帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮均能有效改善男性急性精神分裂症患者的各种精神症状和社会功能,但帕利哌酮缓释片改善社会功能方面优于利培酮,安全性更高。