Unusual fungal bodies in conventional cervical smears: Report of nine cases

Candida spp have often been reported in cervical cytology, other fungal organisms are very rare in modern literature. We report nine cases of conventional cervical smears showing Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium spp in healthy imunocompetent females. Penicillium spp seen in four out of nine smears, Cladosporium spp alone in three out of nine smears, and Cladosporium spp along with Aspergillus spp in two out of nine smears. A detail of these nine cases is presented with discussion on importance of these structures when observed in conventional cervical smears. Awareness of such contaminants is important to differentiate from true infection for relevant therapeutic implications. A systematic step‐wise approach to such structures is also suggested. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:234–237. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Anatomical Variations in the Pseudosylvian Fissure Morphology of Brachy‐, Dolicho‐, and Mesaticephalic Dogs

The purpose of the study is the following: (1) to anatomically characterize the right and the left pseudosylvian fissure (Psf) morphology; (2) to determine Psf variations between both hemispheres and between the three considered groups; and (3) to understand how these variations may influence brain surgery for dogs. Also we sought to determine whether there are any potential differences between brachy‐ (B), dolicho‐ (D), and mesaticephalic (M) dogs. The present study considered 138 brain hemispheres (N = 138) from 69 adult dog cadavers and used bregma craniometric point (b‐ the junction of coronal and sagittal cranial vault sutures) to characterize the Psf location on the superolateral brain surface. For statistical analysis, P values <0.05 were considered significant. The Psf was easily identified in all specimens at both hemispheres. Statistically significant differences for Psf width were registered between the groups, presenting M as the narrowest Psf regions. Fissure body length can be sorted in ascending order as D < M < B in both hemispheres, with the left Psf bigger than the right for all considered skulls. The greatest difference was registered in the B group with the left Psf 25.0% bigger than the right. Bregma has proved to be useful to appoint Psf location as more superior or inferior in the encephalic lateral surface, exhibiting in all groups the left Psf a superior position. For the groups the most inferior location was registered in M and the most superior in D. Understanding the Psf morphology and anatomical variations may provide important information to ensure safer intracranial procedures. Anat Rec, 298:1255–1260, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

额颞枕顶超大骨瓣减压术对幕上恶性脑梗塞的临床疗效研究

目的：评估额颞枕顶超大骨瓣减压术对幕上恶性脑梗塞（ supra－tentorial malignant in－farcts,STMBI）的临床疗效。方法：采用前瞻性研究的方法,将临床和放射学诊断为STMBI的患者分为手术组和对照组,比较两组的术后死亡率;随访1年后比较两组患者的格拉斯哥预后评分（ GOS）、Bar－thal指数。结果：本次研究共纳入共26例研究对象,其中手术组13例,对照组13例。术前两组年龄、GCS比较差异无统计学意义。随访1年结果显示,手术组和对照组1年生存率分别为为84．6％和69．2％（p＞0．05）。格拉斯哥预后评分（GOS）、Barthal 指数在手术组更好（p＜0．05）。结论：STMBI 患者早期行额颞枕顶超大骨瓣减压术与保守治疗相比,不仅降低了死亡率,还改善了预后。     

ICU 常规与优化治疗对心脏骤停后综合征患者心肺、脑复苏情况的影响分析

目的：分析ICU 常规与优化治疗对心脏骤停后综合征患者心肺、脑复苏情况的影响。方法：选取90 例心脏骤停后综合征患者作为本次的研究对象,患者就诊时间段为2018 年7 月到2019 年11 月,按照数字表达法将其分为两组,其中接受ICU 常规治疗的45 例患者设为对照组,将另外45 例接受ICU 优化治疗的患者纳入观察组。将两组心脏骤停后综合征患者的神经功能评分、全心舒张末期容积指数、心脏指数、意识恢复时间以及并发症发生率进行对比。结果：经过治疗后,观察组患者的神经功能以及临床指标改善情况明显优于对照组;观察组的并发症发生率为4.4%;对照组的并发症发生率为17.8%,两组心脏骤停后综合征患者的神经功能评分、临床指标以及并发症发生率结果差异存在统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：与ICU 常规治疗相比,ICU 优化治疗对心脏骤停后综合征患者的临床疗效更为显著,能够促进患者脑复苏情况的改善,提高神经功能恢复效率,改善心功能指标,减少并发症的产生,提升综合征患者的生存质量,具有积极的推广价值。     

应用液基细胞技术在肺癌细胞诊断中的意义

目的探讨对支气管镜毛刷标本进行液基薄层细胞学制片技术(LCT)在肺癌细胞诊断中的应用价值。方法收集252例肺癌患者的支气管镜刷检标本,同时进行LCT和直接涂片法检测,比较两种方法的涂片质量及诊断的阳性率。结果 LCT检测的标本切片质量高,LCT诊断肺癌的敏感度为58.33%。直接涂片法诊断肺癌的敏感度为33.19%。LCT的敏感度高于直接涂片法(P0.05)。结论 LCT液基薄层细胞学制片技术在支气管镜刷检细胞学标本制片质量及诊断准确性明显高于传统涂片方法,支气管镜刷检标本的LCT检测可推广应用于临床。     

Prediction of a Good Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Severe Dilated Cardyomyopathy: Could Conventional Echocardiography Be the Answer after All?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of echocardiographic parameters to predict response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Background: CRT reduces morbidity and mortality due to the proper selection of candidates for CRT. Methods: The 12‐month trial was performed on 70 optimally medicated patients with standard inclusion criteria: NYHA class III or IV heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35%, and QRS ≥ 120 ms. All parameters were evaluated by conventional and tissue Doppler‐based methods. Indicator of positive CRT response was more than 20% in improvement of LVEF. Results: LVEF increased >20% in 42 patients. Out of 43 tested baseline echocardiographic parameters, 12 showed statistical difference between responders and nonresponders. Out of these 12 parameters, six (LVSV, LVSI, LVFS, RVd, VPMR, and PISA) had modest to moderately good ability to predict LVEF response with sensitivity ranging from 62.2% to 82.4%, and specificity ranging from 56.5% to 81.2%. For those parameters, the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve for positive response to CRT was ≤0.76. Multivariate regression analysis resulted in selection of LVSI and LVFS as possible predictive independent parameters for a good response. The cutoff value for LVSI was 38.7 mL/m² (P = 0.045) and for LVFS was 13% (P = 0.032). Conclusions: Contribution of LVSI and LVFS is to be confirmed in larger trials. Simplicity of their assessment by conventional echocardiography could be an argument for adding them to the inclusion criteria for CRT in severe heart failure patients. (Echocardiography 2012;29:267‐275)     

Disruption of Limbic Pathways in a Case of Profound Amnesia

We report a case of episodic amnesia in which the anatomical basis of injury was investigated by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Two months after an adult male suffered severe closed head injury, conventional magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) revealed only a right superior frontal lesion. However, 14 years later, DTI revealed structural anomalies not visible on CMRI involving limbic white matter tracts, notably the fornix, which could explain the amnesia.     

170例重型颅脑损伤的临床分析

目的 总结重型颅脑损伤患者的救治方法及经验.方法 对我科收治的170例GCS评分3～8分的重型颅脑损伤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 170例患者中标准外伤大骨瓣开颅术治疗135例,不需开颅手术17例,呼吸循环衰竭无法耐受手术治疗18例;按格拉斯哥预后评分法（GOS）评定：存活120例,随访6个月,恢复良好40例,中残20例,重残10例;死亡50例,其中术后死亡17例.结论 重型颅脑损伤患者病情危重、并发症多、病死率高,标准外伤大骨瓣开颅术可有效降低颅内压,解除脑疝,综合治疗可提高存活率.     

Complete Denture Occlusion: An Evidence‐Based Approach

Purpose : This study involved an extensive search for randomized controlled clinical trials comparing bilateral balanced and canine‐guided dentures, and questioned whether a bilateral balanced occlusion is imperative for successful denture treatment. Materials and Methods : Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, LILACS, and BBD). The keywords “denture” and “occlusion” were used. The minimum inclusion requirements were (1) randomized controlled trials with patients of any age wearing both maxillary and mandibular conventional complete dentures (CDs), (2) comparison between bilateral balanced and canine‐guided dentures, and (3) assessment of masticatory function and/or patients’ satisfaction. Results : The search resulted in the identification of 5166 articles. Subsequently, 5156 articles were excluded on the basis of title and abstract. By the end of the search phase, seven randomized controlled trials were considered eligible. Conclusions : Current scientific evidence suggests that bilateral balanced occlusion is not imperative for successful treatment with conventional CDs in average patients. More studies are necessary to identify if specific clinical conditions may benefit from a balanced occlusion.