神经外科开展优质护理服务的实践和体会

探讨优质护理服务在神经外科护理管理中的应用效果。方法：2010年1~12月随机抽取100名住院患者为对照组,自从实施优质护理服务后,2011年1~12月随机抽取100名住院患者为研究组,两组都采用自制的满意度调查表和健康教育知晓率调查表进行调查。结果：研究组满意度为95%,健康教育知晓率94%,对照组满意度为76%,健康教育知晓率为74%。结论：优质护理服务在神经外科护理中得到了患者的普遍认同。进一步强化了护士对优质护理内容的了解,使住院患者满意度明显提高。     

李斯文教授运用扶正抑癌理论指导围化疗期治疗的经验

本文将李斯文教授运用扶正抑癌理论指导围化疗期用药的经验做简要总结。李教授认为,"围化疗期"的概念应从宏观和微观两个方面理解,并分别用扶正抑癌理论指导一线和二线治疗的围化疗期用药,在降低化疗病人毒副反应、提高生活质量、延长生存期方面取得良好的疗效。     

The experience and understanding of pain management in recently discharged adult trauma patients: A qualitative study

IntroductionPain following injury is often intense, prolonged and debilitating. If poorly managed, this acute pain has the potential to delay rehabilitation and lead to chronic pain. Recent quantitative Australian research recommends implementing further information and interventions to improve trauma patient outcomes, however, to ensure effectiveness, exploration of the patient perspective is imperative to ensure the success of future pain management strategies. This study aimed to gain understanding about the experience of pain management using prescribed analgesic regimens of recently discharged adult trauma patients.MethodSemi-structured interviews were used to explore the experiences and understandings of trauma patients in managing pain using prescribed analgesic regimens during the initial post-hospital discharge period. Twelve participants were purposively selected over a 6-month period at a level one trauma outpatient clinic based on questionnaire responses indicating pain related concerns. Qualitative data were thematically analysed.ResultsThe overarching finding was that injuries and inadequate pain management incapacitate the patient at home. Four main themes were developed: injury pain is unique and debilitating; patients are uninformed at hospital discharge; patients have low confidence with pain management at home; and patients make independent decisions about pain management. Patients felt they were not given adequate information at hospital discharge to support them to make effective decisions about their pain management practices at home.ConclusionThere is a need for more inclusive and improved hospital discharge processes that includes patient and family education around pain management following injury. To achieve this, clinician education, support and training is essential.     

张善举教授治疗功能性消化不良临证经验

张善举教授从事中医内科临床工作近30年,对消化病的诊治有其独特的见解,选用参苓白术散加味治疗功能性消化不良,疗效甚佳。     

杜秀娟教授应用花子类中药的临床经验

杜秀娟教授通过30多年临床经验总结，认识到花类中药和仁子类中药对调整升降出入有着很重要的作用，导师在临床中常使用的花类中药和仁子类中药药对有：苏子槐花、茺蔚子夏枯草、冬瓜子菊花，这几组药对对治疗眩晕病有很好的疗效。     

人工全髋置换术后的护理分析

目的：总结行人工全髋置换术的护理要点,为今后的护理工作提供可靠依据。方法将2013年1月-2014年12月该院收治的26例行人工全髋置换术患者纳入该研究,并对26例患者的手术护理体会进行回顾性总结。结果经专科护理后,患者的疼痛程度、关节恢复情况及生活质量显著高于护理前(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论对行人工全髋置换术的患者进行全面的专科护理,并做好预防并发症的准备,能有效提高患者的治疗效果。     

The relationship between hospital or operator volume and outcomes of coronary patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions

Summary The relationship between volume and outcome in medicine has been intensively investigated in the last few decades. The large amount of accumulated data demonstrates that for many surgical or non-surgical procedures and medical conditions, patients being treated in high-volume hospitals or by high-volume physicians have lower mortality rates and better quality of life compared to those treated by low-volume hospitals or by low-volume physicians. Although the degree of the relationship between high volume and better outcome varies, it is persistent across a wide range of procedures and conditions.Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) have an important impact on public health, given the frequency of coronary heart disease for which these procedures are performed. Studies carried out before and after the advent of stents on the relationship between volume and outcome for PCIs have almost consistently reported that performance of PCIs in high-volume institutions or by high-volume operators is associated with improved outcomes for patients, regardless of the specific indication for PCI.For those procedures for which a relationship between high volume and better outcome has been clearly demonstrated, patients as well as their referring physicians should be informed that patients can benefit both in terms of reduced mortality and improved quality of life if they are treated by high-volume health care providers. Consequently, for these procedures, a health care policy aiming at their concentration in high-volume institutions should be strongly considered.     

不同国家和地区学校卫生工作模式比较和借鉴

通过比较不同国家和地区学校卫生工作的建设和发展状况,运用归纳法和比较分析法总结各国学校卫生工作模式,分析各模式的特点和发展趋势。在此基础上,结合我国学校卫生工作的实际,借鉴国外理念和方法,提出相关建议。     

128例患者行泌尿外科腹腔镜手术的体会

目的探讨泌尿外科腹腔镜手术的临床治疗效果。方法 178例泌尿外科疾病患者为研究对象,接受泌尿外科腹腔镜手术的128例患者为观察组,同时段接受开放性外科手术的50例患者为对照组,比较两组疗效。结果两组患者各项观察指标数值比较,观察组明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);比较术后并发症发生率,观察组并发症发生率为0,对照组为12%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论泌尿外科腹腔镜手术疗效佳,预后效果好,具有推广意义。