微血管张力测定技术在血管内皮去除中的应用

目的通过建立离体小动脉血管内皮去除的研究方法,提高微血管测量技术研究数据的可信度。方法选取♂自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和正常血压大鼠(WKY),测量血压后,获取肠系膜动脉环。采取机械(血管环围绕电极尖端旋转、推注气体)和药物(L-NAME和吲哚美辛)相结合的方式去除内皮。采用压力肌动图技术检测苯肾上腺素(PE)、乙酰胆碱(ACh)、硝普钠(SNP)对肠系膜动脉直径变化的影响。结果(1)SHR血压值高于WKY大鼠(P<0.01);(2)PE浓度依赖地收缩肠系膜动脉。内皮完整和内皮去除时,与WKY相比,SHR的收缩增强(P<0.05);(3)ACh、SNP能够浓度依赖地舒张肠系膜动脉。内皮完整时,与WKY相比,SHR的舒张减弱(P<0.01);内皮去除时,与WKY相比,SHR的舒张增强(P<0.01)。结论(1)成功建立离体微小动脉血管内皮去除的研究方法。(2)高血压大鼠存在明显的血管舒缩功能障碍。     

Dexmedetomidine-Induced Contraction in the Isolated Endothelium-Denuded Rat Aorta Involves PKC-δ-mediated JNK Phosphorylation

Vasoconstriction mediated by the highly selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine leads to transiently increased blood pressure and severe hypertension. The dexmedetomidine-induced contraction involves the protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated pathway. However, the main PKC isoform involved in the dexmedetomidine-induced contraction remains unknown. The goal of this in vitro study was to examine the specific PKC isoform that contributes to the dexmedetomidine-induced contraction in the isolated rat aorta. The endothelium-denuded rat aorta was suspended for isometric tension recording. Dexmedetomidine dose-response curves were generated in the presence or absence of the following inhibitors: the pan-PKC inhibitor, chelerythrine; the PKC-α and -β inhibitor, Go6976; the PKC-α inhibitor, safingol; the PKC-β inhibitor, ruboxistaurin; the PKC-δ inhibitor, rottlerin; the c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, SP600125; and the myosin light chain kinase inhibitor, ML-7 hydrochloride. Western blot analysis was used to examine the effect of rottlerin on dexmedetomidine-induced PKC-δ expression and JNK phosphorylation in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on PKC-δ expression in VSMCs transfected with PKC-δ small interfering RNA (siRNA) or control siRNA. Chelerythrine as well as SP600125 and ML-7 hydrochloride attenuated the dexmedetomidine-induced contraction. Go6976, safingol, and ruboxistaurin had no effect on the dexmedetomidine-induced contraction, whereas rottlerin inhibited the dexmedetomidine-induced contraction. Dexmedetomidine induced PKC-δ expression, whereas rottlerin and PKC-δ siRNA transfection inhibited dexmedetomidine-induced PKC-δ expression. Dexmedetomidine also induced JNK phosphorylation, which was inhibited by rottlerin. Taken together, these results suggest that the dexmedetomidine-induced contraction involves PKC-δ-dependent JNK phosphorylation in the isolated rat aorta.     

Reversible Vasoconstriction Syndrome with Bilateral Basal Ganglia Hemorrhages

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is an increasingly recognized acute cerebrovascular condition that may produce myriad transient and sustained neurologic deficits as well as a host of radiologic features. We report the case of a woman with RCVS and a severe clinical syndrome with bilateral basal ganglia hemorrhages, cerebral infarctions, and marked vascular abnormalities. The patient made a near complete clinical recovery, representing an extreme and illustrative form of RCVS.     

Peculiarities of vasomotor reaction of cerebral vessels in arterial hypertension

We studied vasomotor activity of rat cerebral vessels. Peculiarities of endothelium-dependent reactions of cerebral arteries in induced arterial hypertension were revealed. Quantitative and qualitative relationships between the parameters of the vasomotor apparatus of cerebral arteries and parameters of circulatory homeostasis were determined. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 144, No. 7, pp. 36–38, July, 2007     

可逆性脑血管收缩综合征临床及影像学特点

目的探讨可逆性脑血管收缩综合征(RCVS)的临床、影像学特点,以提高对该病的认识。方法总结3例RCVS患者的临床及影像学资料并复习相关文献。结果本组3例患者均以剧烈头痛为首发症状,其中1例伴有双下肢无力,1例伴视物模糊、右侧肢体轻偏瘫。TCD检查均提示不同血管不同程度的血流速度增快,头颅MRI及MRA检查提示部分血管痉挛,典型者呈"串珠样"改变;2例脑内有病灶。脑脊液等相关检查无特异性,经钙离子拮抗剂等治疗后临床症状逐渐消失,1~7个月超声影像学复查完全恢复正常,临床呈单相病程,预后良好。结论临床表现为"雷击样、撕裂样"头痛的患者伴或不伴有神经系统定位体征,影像学检查有血管痉挛表现,在排除其他疾病后应考虑RCVS的可能。     

红花黄色素联合奥拉西坦对颅脑外伤患者神经损伤修复作用、血管收缩舒张的影响及疗效分析

目的：探讨红花黄色素联合奥拉西坦对颅脑外伤患者神经损伤修复作用及血管收缩舒张的影响,并进行疗效分析。方法：选择于2016年9月至2018年3月间在某院治疗的70例颅脑外伤患者作为研究对象,将其分为对照组及观察组,各35例。对照组采用奥拉西坦注射液,观察组在对照组基础上加用红花黄色素注射液。观察比较各组疗效（简易智力状态量表MMSE、格拉斯哥昏迷GCS评分）、神经元损伤程度（神经元特异性烯醇化酶NSE、髓鞘碱性蛋白MBP及胶质纤维酸性蛋白GFAP）、神经损伤修复作用[热休克蛋白-27（HSP-27）、热休克蛋白-70（HSP-70）及热休克蛋白-90（HSP-90）]及血管收缩舒张功能（神经肽YNPY、降钙素基因相关肽CGRP）相关因子的表达水平,并记录比较2组不良反应。结果：治疗前,观察组与对照组的疗效相关评分、神经元损伤程度、神经损伤修复作用及血管收缩舒张功能相关因子水平差异不显著（P>0.05）。同组治疗14 d、21 d后分别与治疗前相比,2组疗效相关评分明显提高（P<0.05）,神经元损伤程度、神经损伤修复作用及血管收缩舒张功能相关因子水平明显降低;且同组治疗21 d后与治疗14 d后相比,治疗21 d的疗效相关评分明显提高（P<0.05）,神经元损伤程度、神经损伤修复作用及血管收缩舒张功能相关因子水平明显降低（P<0.05）;观察组同期治疗14 d、21 d后分别与对照组相比,疗效相关评分提高明显（P<0.05）,神经元损伤程度、神经损伤修复作用及血管收缩舒张功能相关因子水平降低明显（P<0.05）。且2组患者的不良反应比较无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论：红花黄色素联合奥拉西坦治疗颅脑外伤患者能一定程度上提升疗效,降低神经损伤程度,修复神经病调节血管收缩舒张功能。