糖尿病下肢血管病变的诊断及治疗规范

糖尿病下肢血管病变是糖尿病严重的慢性并发症之一,是糖尿病患者致死、致残的重要原因.对糖尿病下肢血管病变的诊断,目前主要根据临床表现及踝臂指数(ABI)、多普勒超声(DUS)、血管成像技术等综合判断.对糖尿病下肢血管病变的治疗可通过危险因素的控制、运动及药物治疗等.近年来,介入、手术和干细胞移植等手段也已在临床上逐步应用于糖尿病下肢血管病变的治疗.     

Randomized phase II study of sunitinib versus standard of care for patients with previously treated advanced triple-negative breast cancer

PurposeThis randomized, open-label phase II study compared the efficacy of sunitinib monotherapy with that of single-agent standard-of-care (SOC) chemotherapy in patients with previously treated advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsPatients with advanced TNBC, relapsed after anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy, were randomized to receive either sunitinib (37.5 mg/day) or the investigator's choice of SOC therapy. Progression-free survival was the primary endpoint.ResultsMedian progression-free survival was 2.0 months with sunitinib and 2.7 months with SOC chemotherapy (one-sided P = 0.888). Median overall survival was not prolonged with sunitinib (9.4 months) compared with SOC chemotherapy (10.5 months; one-sided P = 0.839). The objective response rate was 3% with sunitinib and 7% with SOC chemotherapy (one-sided P = 0.962).ConclusionsSunitinib monotherapy did not improve efficacy compared with SOC chemotherapy in patients with previously treated advanced TNBC, for which identification of effective treatments and therapeutic targets remains an urgent need.Trial registrationNCT00246571.     

Association between endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

Objective To investigate the association between endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis （CAPD） patients. Methods Ninety-four stable CAPD patients from a single center were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Ultrasound evaluation was conducted on brachial artery to estimate endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Automatice pulse wave velocity (PWV) measuring system was applied to examine the carotid-femoral PWV. Blood pressure and biochemical parameters were detected. Pearson's correlation and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were performed to explore the relationship between FMD and PWV. Results PWV was significantly higher in patients with diabetes as compared to those without diabetes[(13.25±1.66) m/s vs (11.24±1.92) m/s, P＜0.01]. Furthermore, PWV was positively correlated with age(r＝0.319, P＝0.002), SBP (r＝0.289, P＝0.005) and C-reactive protein (r＝0.211, P＝0.041), was negatively correlated with albumin (r＝-0.429, P＝0.001) and FMD (r＝-0.466, P＝0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, diabetes mellitus, albumin, FMD, age and SBP were independently associated with PWV after adjustment. Conclusion Endothelial dysfunction is associated with greater arterial stiffness in CAPD patients.     

血管内皮生长因子和骨形态发生蛋白7在细胞分化中的协同作用

目的：研究rhVEGF和rhBMP-7对成骨细胞分化能力的影响.方法：取大鼠颅盖骨组织块,采用改良组织块混合酶消化法培养成骨细胞,将不同浓度的rhVEGF和rhBMP-7加入第四代成骨细胞的培养基继续进行细胞培养,用碱性磷酸酶试剂盒检测定细胞在第1、3、5天的磷酸酶的活性,分析不同浓度的rhVEGF和rhBMP-7对成骨细胞分化的影响.结果：rhVEGF和rhBMP-7能促进成骨细胞的分化,其中,3.125ng/mlrhVEGF和50.000ng/ml rhBMP-7单独或者两者联合作用并于第3天时,对成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶活性的影响最明显.结论：一定剂量的rhVEGF和rhBMP-7可明显促进成骨细胞的分化.     

湿性脂肪干细胞辅助自体颗粒脂肪移植五年临床回顾总结

目的:回顾总结2008～2013年笔者行湿性脂肪干细胞辅助自体颗粒脂肪注射填充移植术五年的临床经验。方法:549例均采用湿性脂肪干细胞辅助自体颗粒脂肪移植术,单次注射填充移植完成532例(96.91%),17例(3.09%)脂肪存活率较低(30%～40%)需二次注射填充移植完成。结果:本组仅2例(0.36%)出现轻微并发症,成活率和远期效果明显提高,取得预期临床效果。结论:随访1～5,采用规范的湿性肿胀技术和注射器吸脂法抽吸颗粒脂肪及湿性新鲜原代血管基质细胞和脂肪干细胞辅助自体颗粒脂肪移植注射填充移植技术效果明显持久,遵循其正确的临床操作原则和技术指南及标准操作流程,能明显提高移植脂肪成活率和良好远期效果,是一种切实、可行、有效的临床方法。     

腹腔镜技术在肠道血管畸形急性出血中的应用体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜技术诊治肠道血管畸形急性出血的临床价值。方法:回顾分析为13例保守治疗无效的小肠血管畸形急性出血患者行腹腔镜辅助手术的临床资料。结果:13例患者术前选择性行肠系膜数字减影血管造影(digital sub-traction angiography,DSA)。造影定位下行腹腔镜辅助小肠部分切除吻合术10例,回盲部切除末端回肠造口术1例;术中造影无法明确,内镜协助探查明确出血部位,腹腔镜辅助下行小肠切除吻合1例;导管造影及内镜协助探查均无法明确出血部位,行小肠双口造瘘观察1例。12例痊愈出院,1例死亡。结论:DSA及术中造影是诊断小肠出血并准确定位的有效方法,为外科手术提供了正确的定位。DSA及术中造影准确定位后行腹腔镜辅助手术切除病变肠段安全、有效。     

Midodrine-Induced Vascular Ischemia in a Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Midodrine is an alpha-agonist that causes peripheral vasoconstriction, resulting in increased blood pressure. It has been reported to be safe and effective in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and is widely used for hemodialysis-associated hypotension. We report a case report of midodrine-induced ischemia in a patient on hemodialysis and review the literature relating to the safety of midodrine in patients with end stage renal disease.