兔耳纯静脉皮瓣血流量和血管网面密度观测

目的:观测纯静脉皮瓣术后血流量和血管网面密度变化。方法:利用家兔耳背设计纯静脉皮瓣和动脉皮瓣模型①观测术后血流量;②墨汁灌注后软蜡厚蜡切片,图像分析血管网面密度。结果:①纯静脉皮瓣术后48h血流量最低,第14d恢复至术前65%。②纯静脉皮瓣术后第1～7d的血管网面密度高于动脉皮瓣(P<0.05)。结论:纯静脉皮瓣术后血流量及血管网密度变化与动脉皮瓣不同。     

Development of sutureless vascular connecting system for easy implantation of small-caliber artificial grafts

A novel sutureless vascular connecting system, an assembly with a delivery rod, an introducing sheath, and a connecting device, was developed for easy implantation of small-caliber vascular grafts less than 2 mm in internal diameter. A microporous stainless tube (length 2 mm, external diameter 1.6 mm, wall thickness 65 µm, pore diameter 400 µm, pore-to-pore distance 500 µm) was designed to serve as a connecting device. The feasibility of the system was tested using two types of preliminary animal experiments. One animal model consisted of graft implantation into the rat abdominal aorta (1.5 mm in diameter). The connecting device was inserted into the proximal and distal ends of the aorta through the introducing sheath by pushing the delivery rod with the connecting device placed over it. Subsequently, the aortic segments were inserted into both ends of model grafts made of segmented polyurethane (1.8 mm in internal diameter) and were fixed with banding silk threads from the exterior. The procedure was completed within 20 min without requiring specialized microsurgery techniques. Blood leakage and obstruction did not occur. The second model consisted of an end-to-end anastomosis between rabbit common carotid arteries (2 mm in diameter), which was performed within several minutes of blood flow interruption. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the luminal surface of the device was fully covered with endothelial cells (ECs) after 1 week as a result of transluminal ingrowth of native ECs through the micropores in the device. This endothelialization may prevent early thrombus-induced occlusion. This simple and “easy-to-learn” technique will promote the development of small-caliber arterial grafts, and furthermore, it may have potential for clinical application.     

Social isolation stress augments angiogenesis induced by colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells in mice

We have previously shown that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which is an important angiogenesis-related factor, was over-secreted in male BALB/c mice under social isolation stress as compared with the control, and closely associated with a remarkable elevation of tumor invasion and metastasis of colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells. In the present study, we explored the effect of isolation stress on the angiogenesis caused by colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells in vivo and in vitro. Social isolation lead to the enhancement of tumor growth after intrahepatic implantation with a fragment of colon 26-L5 tumor. Angiogenic response (number of vessels oriented towards tumor mass) and tumor growth (size) were significantly increased in the socially isolated mouse relative to that in the group-housed mice. Furthermore, higher protein level of hepatic TNF-α was found in the stressed mice than that in the control. Expression of mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were also elevated in the tumor regions and liver tissues of the stressed mice in comparison with that in group-housed mice. On the other hand, hepatic sinusoidal endothelial (HSE) cells treated with TNF-α exhibited a marked promotion of the migration, invasion, expression of mRNA for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and tube-like formation, but no cytotoxicity against the cells in vitro. The above data suggest that the social isolation stress augmented the tumor-induced angiogenesis probably by up-regulating the angiogenesis-related factors, including TNF-α, VEGF and HGF, and consequently mediating the functions of endothelial cells such as migration, invasion, and tube-like formation.     

High levels of Lp(a) lipoprotein in a family ith cases of severe pre-eclampsia

We report a family with two cases of severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in which very high levels of Lp(a) lipoprotein were found. The serum level of Lp(a) lipoprotein is genetically determined and the Lp(a) apolipoprotein has a close homology to plasminogen. Very high levels of Lp(a) lipoprotein might interfere with the fibrinolytic/thrombolytic process in man. A previous report suggested that a high maternal serum Lp(a) lipoprotein level can cause fetal growth retardation, and it is proposed that very high levels might lead to increased deposition of fibrin in the uterine spiral arteries in pregnancy, which is central in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. If confirmed, a very high Lp(a) lipoprotein level could be one risk factor for pre-eclampsia that is genetically determined.     

84例周围血管病的足甲襞微循环观察

对84例周围血管病(脉管炎68例,静脉炎16例)和25例正常健康人进行了足甲襞微循环的对比观察。结果:患病组足甲襞微循环的血管形态、流态、管周状态均较正常健康组有明显差异(P<0.01)。提示:更接近病变部位的局部微循环观察更能代表病变的程度,对临床医生判断病情、选择用药和疗效观察都有很大帮助和参考价值。     

蝎蜂毒肽对大鼠纤溶系统作用初探

本研究采用大鼠肢体血管灌流和整体给药两种模型，观察蝎蜂毒（ＳＢＰ）对血管理灌流液内纤溶酶原激活物（ＰＡ）活性、血浆优球蛋白纤溶性（ＥＦＡ）和纤溶酶（ＰＬ）活性的影响。结果说明，ＳＢＰ有明显激活纤溶系统作用；其机制可能涉及血管内皮细胞释放ＰＡ活性增加，进一步促使纤溶酶原活化为ＰＬ增多的途径。     

小径微孔聚氨酯人工血管的顺应性

由激光测微器、压力传感器、A／D卡、微电脑和循环回路等组成的装置测定了小径人工血管的径向顺应性，由微注射器、压力传感器等组成的装置测定了体积顺应性，轴向顺应性由体积顺应性和径向顺应性计算出。体积顺应性，径向顺应性和轴向顺应性都随血管材料弹性的增大、盐／胶比的增加（孔隙率）和浸渍层数（血管壁厚度）的减小而增大。PU血管的外周模量与径向模量分别由径向顺应性。轴向顺应性计算，外周模量与径向模量之比值接近1，即两模量大小与变形方向无关。外周模量与径向模量随血管材料弹性和盐／胶比增加而变小。但管壁厚度对其的影响不大。通过合理选择更具弹性的PU材料（Chro佳，PCU1500次之），最佳盐／胶比例（6：1）以及控制浸渍层数（4～6层），可以制备出顺应性接近天然血管的小径人工血管。     

人脐静脉内皮细胞清除补体攻膜复合物的机制

目的：探讨内皮细胞清除补体攻膜复合物（MAC）的途径及其清除动力学，方法：原代培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞以RH414荧光标记质膜双层，0℃组装亚溶剂量的MAC，37℃复苏后，LSCM实时监MAC沉积诱导的质膜囊泡化形成和胞吞，胞吐情况,流式细胞仪定量检测内皮细胞表面MAC抗原的清除情况，结果：MAC沉积后，内皮细胞有的质膜囊泡化形成，囊泡以胞吞和胞吐2种方式离开细胞，并以前者占优，37度条件下，内皮细胞清除表面MAC的半衰期约为5min。结论：内皮细胞可通过胞吞和胞吐2种机制清除细胞表面沉积的MAC，并以胞吞方式为主。     

急性髓系白血病血管内皮生长因子表达与预后的研究

目的 :观察人白血病细胞系血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达水平 ,研究急性髓系白血病 (AML)患者血清VEGF表达水平与预后的关系。方法 :采用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)对 4 9例初治、10例复发AML患者血清及人白血病细胞系U937、K5 6 2、HL - 6 0、TF - 1和NB4培养上清液 (4 8小时 )VEGF表达水平进行检测。结果 :五种人白血病细胞系培养上清液中均测到VEGF高表达。 4 9例初治、10例复发AML患者的血清VEGF表达水平分别为 2 0 1 17± 110 93pg ml和 2 32 5 9± 118 6 2pg ml,均明显高于正常对照组 (12 5 6 2± 4 5 4 3pg ml;p <0 0 5 )。初治AML患者中VEGF高表达组 (>2 0 1 17pg ml)完全缓解 (CR)率为 4 8% ,低表达组 (<2 0 1 17pg ml)CR率为 77% ,两者比较差异显著 (p<0 0 5 )。结论 :血管内皮生长因子在刺激白血病细胞增殖、迁移中发挥重要作用。AML患者血清VEGF水平与预后具相关性     

On the Retention of the Fetus as a Homograft

ABSTRACT: The conceptus is tolerated in spite of the antigenic dissimilarities between mother and fetus. A new hypothesis to account for this phenomenon is put forward. It is suggested that the vessels within the trophoblastic villi—analogous to the vessels of malignant tumors—are permeable to humoral substances but impervious to cellular elements. This property allows for the exchange of nutrients and metabolites but, at the same time, precludes the passage of leukocytes. The block to diapedesis is believed to be due to the deposition of an occlusive layer of alpha₂-macroglobulin on vascular endothelium. The source of this protide is the fetal liver. In the absence of diapedesis there is no homograft reaction within the placenta. The “graft” is tolerated.