改良阴道前壁修补术联合盆底电刺激治疗56例压力性尿失禁临床效果探讨

目的：探讨应用改良阴道前壁修补术联合盆底电刺激治疗压力性尿失禁的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2010年5月-2013年5月期间,该院行改良阴道前壁修补术联合盆底电刺激治疗的56例压力性尿失禁患者的临床资料,将其作为观察组,并选择同期单纯行改良阴道前壁修补术治疗的60例患者,将其作为对照组,比较两组患者的临床治疗效果。结果在观察组患者中,治疗的总有效率为92.86%;对照组患者中,治疗的总有效率为83.33%。观察组优于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用改良阴道前壁修补术联合盆底电刺激治疗压力性尿失禁,效果明显。     

针灸治疗压力性尿失禁的临床研究进展

目的了解针灸治疗压力性尿失禁的现状和存在的问题。方法总结和分析近十五年来针灸治疗压力性尿失禁的文献。结果针灸治疗压力性尿失禁疗效确切．但辨证和疗效评价的标准不一致。结论今后应运用循证医学的方法,建立完善的针灸治疗压力性尿失禁规范化诊疗体系。     

女性输尿管完全重复畸形的诊治(附38例报告)

目的探讨女性输尿管完全重复畸形的诊断及治疗。方法回顾性分析2000年1月至2005年12月所收治并获得随访的38例女性输尿管完全重复畸形患者。影像学检查确定诊断,所有患者均进行手术治疗。结果术后取得满意疗效,无进行性肾积水、肾功能损害,尿失禁完全消失。结论影像学检查在女性输尿管完全重复畸形的诊断中意义重大,手术治疗可取得满意疗效。     

Electrical stimulation versus extracorporeal magnetic innervation for urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy

Nurses use several conservative methods for treating urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has a recognized role, while extracorporeal magnetic innervation (ExMI) is still under evaluation in the international guidelines. Few data are available in literature, regarding comparisons between these two treatments. The aim of the study is to compare electrical stimulation and magnetic innervation for treating urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Twenty‐two patients treated with ExMI and 18 treated with FES were enrolled in a retrospective study. ExMI was available for 6 weeks; the number of times ExMI was required by the patients to reduce their leakages to 10 g/d or less was compared. The groups had comparable age and body mass index. Initial leakages showed clinically relevant differences (median = 80 g/d in the ExMI patients and 150 g/d in the FES group). After 6 weeks, 71·9% of ExMI patients and 29·2% of FES patients had completed rehabilitation. The difference was statistically significant even after adjusting the analyses for initial leakages (p = 0·008). Six patients treated with ExMI had already undergone FES, with no clinically relevant results after five sessions (leakages reduction <50 g/d). The difference remained even after removing the data of these patients from the analysis (p = 0·004). Both FES and ExMI produce muscle strengthening, which is just one step of rehabilitation. Our findings suggest the possibility of using ExMI instead of FES to reduce the times required to improve muscular performance. Pelvic muscle exercises remain essential to develop the ability to automatically perform the contractions needed to avoid leakages.     

Stress Urinary Incontinence at Rest

We retrospectively identified 37 cases in which urinary incontinence occurred at rest during urodynamic testing in the absence of a coincident detrusor contraction or urethral relaxation. This phenomenon, genuine stress incontinence at rest, was observed during 9.6% of multichannel cystometrograms performed at our institution. The observed urine loss occurred at bladder volumes between 145 ml and 800 ml. Loss occurred with bladder overdistension (overflow incontinence) in only 3 subjects (8%). Decreased bladder compliance was observed in 11 (30%) and decreased outlet resistance was demonstrated in 24 (65%). Our findings suggest that genuine stress incontinence at rest is relatively common in a referred population of incontinent women. This phenomenon is associated with impaired urethral function and/or decreased bladder compliance.     

Laparoscopic Surgery for Genuine Stress Incontinence

Laparoscopic Burch colposuspension has rapidly become one of the primary surgical treatment options for genuine stress incontinence. The procedure has been modified by some investigators because of technical difficulty with laparoscopic suturing, but should be identical to the conventional open Burch procedure. This article reviews the indications, operative technique, clinical results, complications and learning curve for laparoscopic retropubic surgical procedures.     

Anatomy and physiology of the male urethral sphincter and its preservation in prostatic surgery

Radical prostatectomy is commonly used in the management of localized prostate cancer. Urinary incontinence after prostatectomy is of great concern to many patients. Improved understanding of the anatomy of the external urethral sphincter complex has resulted in a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of postprostatectomy incontinence. Most recent anatomic studies have described the external urethral sphincter complex as consisting of an intrinsic rhabdosphincter surrounding the smooth musculature of the urethra and an extrinsic sphincter incorporating the levator ani muscle and the pelvic floor. Both form a condensed striated muscle ring around the membranous urethra. Preservation of as much as possible of the normal anatomy of the sphincter mechanism and its nerve supply results in an excellent return to continence after radical prostatectomy. Received: 26 February 1999 / Accepted: 20 May 1999