The triangular vaginal patch sling for stress urinary incontinence and hypermobile urethra

OBJECTIVE: We describe an alternative sling procedure that permits concomitant correction of urethral hypermobility and urinary incontinence through a single surgical exposure. STUDY DESIGN: Fifteen women with severe urinary stress incontinence and urethral hypermobility underwent a sling procedure by creation of a simple triangular patch from the anterior vaginal wall. RESULTS: The mean operative time for the vaginal sling procedure was 38 minutes (range 29 to 65 minutes) in addition to other operations. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 7.7 days (range 5 to 13 days) and all patients were routinely discharged with an indwelling Foley catheter. Spontaneous micturition occurred in 12 patients after a mean period of 25 days (range 13 to 36 days). In three cases long-term catheterization was necessary. By subjective and objective evaluations, all the patients were cured of their stress incontinence. CONCLUSION: The triangular vaginal patch with the single sutures on each side provides an alternative approach for bladder neck stabilization that may permit a more anatomic suspension of a hypermobile urethra.(Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;177:31)     

Stepwise interventional approach in a neonate with pulmonary valve atresia and intact ventricular septum

In neonates with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum the aims of therapy are maintenance of pulmonary blood flow and right ventricular decompression in order to achieve right ventricular support of the pulmonary circulation. Recent developments in interventional heart catheterization with pulmonary radiofrequency-assisted balloon valvuloplasty and ductal stent implantation offer an alternative to the classical surgical approach. We report on a neonate with membranous pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum, in whom a large interatrial right-to-left shunt via the foramen ovale persisted after radiofrequency-assisted pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty on the 2nd day of life. The interatrial shunt prevented adequate right ventricular filling and antegrade pulmonary perfusion leading to severe cyanosis (transcutaneous oxygen saturation 40%). In order to increase pulmonary blood flow and raise left atrial pressure, the arterial duct was stented. After ductal stenting, prostaglandin was discontinued and the transcutaneous oxygen saturation remained stable around 89%. At follow up after 7 weeks the foramen ovale had decreased in size and only a small left-to-right shunt was present, documenting the effectiveness of this approach. Conclusion Based on the present case we propose a stepwise interventional approach for the neonate with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. If cyanosis persists after isolated pulmonary valvuloplasty despite adequate right ventricular function, ductal stent implantation can reduce interatrial shunting and thus improve oxygen saturation. Received: 12 January 1998 / Accepted: 15 February 1998     

超选择持续动脉插管化疗治疗妇科恶性肿瘤疗效分析

目的：探讨超选择持续动脉插管化疗治疗妇科恶性肿瘤的疗效。方法：采用超选择持续动脉灌注化疗药，治疗妇科恶性肿瘤13例，插管26例次，其中宫颈癌7例，卵巢癌3例，子宫内膜癌3例。根据不同化疗方案，加用静脉给药和（或）腹腔给药。结果：部分缓解12例，部分改善1例，近期有效率达92．3％。结论：超选择持续动脉灌注化疗，对妇科恶性肿瘤近期疗效极好，对耐药及复发病人效果也较好。     

Reciprocating tachycardia during central venous cannulation in a patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is important for the anesthesiologist because the sudden development of tachyarrhythmias may result in deleterious hemodynamic changes. We describe an episode of reciprocating tachycardia triggered by the insertion of the guide wire during central venous cannulation in a patient with this syndrome.     

经皮肾微创穿刺造瘘治疗输尿管上段结石

目的　探讨经皮肾微创穿刺取石术治疗输尿管上段结石的方法和疗效。方法　回顾性分析 12 6例采用经皮肾微创穿刺治疗输尿管上段结石的临床资料。采用B超引导经皮肾穿刺建立 16～ 18F大小皮肾通道 ,使用 8 9.8F输尿管肾镜 ,结合电子弹道碎石、MCC电脑灌注泵进行手术。结果　 12 6例均Ⅰ期取石术 ,结石取净率 10 0 % ,手术时间 2 5～ 75min ,平均 5 0min ,手术后住院时间平均 5 .5d。并发输尿管梗阻 3例。结论　经皮肾微创穿刺取石术治疗输尿管上段结石疗效确切 ,具有创伤小、康复快的优点 ,单用B超引导建立皮肾通道即可 ,值得推广应用     

Evaluation and management of mechanical dysfunction in continent colonic urinary reservoirs

PURPOSE: We analyze a group of patients who presented with mechanical dysfunction of the reservoir and/or efferent limb of a continent colonic urinary diversion, and establish an evaluation and management algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 16 patients with a mean age of 58 years and 1 or more symptoms related to continent colonic urinary diversion were evaluated. Presenting symptomatology included difficult catheterization in 8 cases (50%), disabling incontinence in 8 (50%) and recurrent urinary tract infections in 6 (37.5%). All patients had normal, nonobstructed, nonrefluxing upper tracts and none presented with stone disease. Urological evaluation consisted of catheterization, fluoroscopy and urography of the pouch, retrograde urography of the external limb and urodynamics (enterocystometrogram and outlet pressure profilometry). RESULTS: Of the 8 patients with difficulty with catheterization 4 had stomal stenosis, 2 had an elongated and redundant external limb, and 2 had a false passage. Diagnosis was established by the inability to catheterize, fluoroscopy of the pouch and retrograde urography. Disabling incontinence occurred in 8 patients, including 7 who presented with an incompetent outlet and 2 with high pressure intestinal contractions of the reservoir. The aforementioned abnormalities were diagnosed by a combination of retrograde urography, urography of the pouch and urodynamics. Recurrent symptomatic urinary infections were observed in 5 patients of the previous groups and in another with an hourglass reservoir, which was primarily diagnosed by urography of the pouch. Surgical correction in 15 patients included outlet reinforcement, reservoir revision, stomal or external limb revision and conversion to a urinary conduit. Surgical treatment was successful in 14 of 15 patients (93%). CONCLUSIONS: Catheterization difficulty requires retrograde urography to define possible anatomical abnormalities (false passage, conduit elongation) if catheterization and fluoroscopy of the pouch do not demonstrate stomal stenosis. Urinary incontinence benefits from enterocystometry and outlet pressure measurement to determine reservoir and external limb function. Recurrent urinary tract infections not related to ureteral obstruction or reflux requires fluoroscopy of the pouch and external limb to determine abnormalities in patients with detubularization and localization of areas of urine pooling.     

经胸超声测定冠状窦血流评价经PCI术后血流变化

目的应用经胸超声测定冠状静脉窦血流储备评价经皮冠状动脉血运重建术（PCI）后冠脉血流情况。方法选择62例临床诊断为急性心肌梗死的患者，经冠脉造影证实为左冠脉系统狭窄，均接受PTCA和支架置入，经胸超声等长握力试验测定手术前后冠状窦血流储备。结果术后冠状窦收缩期和舒张期峰值血流及积分均较术前增大，血流及积分储备较术前明显增加，差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论经胸超声测定冠状窦血流可用于初步评价冠脉术后的血流灌注。     

超声引导心包穿刺置管引流治疗心包积液的研究

目的探讨一种安全、简便、可靠的心包穿刺并有效治疗心包积液的方法。方法对27例心包积液患者术前经二维超声心动图定位、定向并测定进针深度后,以Seldinger法进行心包穿刺置入中心静脉导管,连接无菌引流袋持续引流,必要时进行冲洗并注入相应药物,观察疗效、安全性及不良反应。结果27例病例均一次穿刺置管成功,导管留置时间2～31d,引流液量300～7600ml,心包积液引流彻底,心包压塞症状消失,心功改善,疗效显著,未出现严重并发症。结论术前经二维超声心动图定位、定向并测定进针深度后,以Seldinger法进行心包穿刺置入中心静脉导管对心包积液进行治疗安全、简便、可靠,疗效显著且无严重并发症,完全能替代以往的常规心包穿刺术。     

国产封堵器治疗室间隔缺损

目的探讨国产室间隔缺损封堵器治疗室间隔缺损的可行性及近期疗效。方法2003年6月～2005年9月采用国产封堵器对122例(男65例,女57例)室间隔缺损患者进行封堵治疗。患者年龄1～25岁,平均(9.6±6.4)岁,经胸超声提示室间隔缺损的直径为3.2～14mm,平均(5.6±2.4)mm,心室造影示室间隔缺损的直径为2～10mm,平均(4.0±1.9)mm。在透视及超声监测下通过建立股动静脉轨道、经右心系统释放封堵器,并分别于术后3个月、6个月进行随访。结果122例患者封堵器置入成功,成功率100%。术后超声及造影示少量残余分流12例,3个月内消失。术后出现完全性左束支传导阻滞5例,4周内消失。1例膜周部室间隔缺损距主动脉瓣无残端,应用偏心封堵器成功,1个月后复查出现主动脉瓣穿孔。结论应用国产室间隔缺损封堵器治疗室间隔缺损是安全有效的,近期效果良好,但中、远期疗效尚需更大规模的临床观察。     

小儿复合型先天性心脏病的介入治疗

目的:研究小儿复合型先天性心脏病经导管介入治疗的方法及疗效。方法:1994年3月至2003年12月适合经导管介入治疗的复合型先天性心脏病患儿15例,肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)伴房间隔缺损(A SD)或动脉导管未闭(PDA)者,先行PS瓣膜成形术,再堵塞A SD或PDA;主动脉缩窄(COA)伴PDA者,先行COA血管成形术,4~15个月后再行PDA堵塞术;主动脉瓣狭窄(A S)伴PDA者,先行瓣膜成形术,再行PDA堵塞;室间隔缺损(V SD)伴PDA采用弹簧圈封堵。结果:15例患者经导管介入治疗均获成功。除2例PDA术后即刻有少量紊流,余均无残漏。随访(3.57±2.61)年,跨瓣(或跨缩窄段)压差经超声心动图或导管测压除A S外均正常。围术期机械性溶血、弹簧圈脱落和动脉栓塞各1例。结论:复合型先天性心脏病经导管介入治疗只要恰当掌握指征,操作规范,可获得良好的治疗效果;对合并A S者,适应证的掌握及球囊大小的选择需进一步摸索。