Feeding inequality: food insecurity,social status and college student health

A growing but limited body of research has identified the college student population as one that is particularly vulnerable to food insecurity. Early estimates of food insecurity prevalence among college students range from 14 to 60 per cent. The present study utilises original survey data collected from a random sample (n = 300) of college students enrolled at an urban university in the Midwest region of the United States of America (USA). This study examines the impact of food insecurity on health outcomes and the mediation of this relationship by subjective social status among college students. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic regression analyses find that food insecurity is related to worse self-rated, physical and mental health among college students, and Sobel-Goodman tests find that subjective social status plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between food insecurity and health among college students. The implications of these findings in a university context are discussed using a psychosocial framework and insights from the stress process model. In doing so, I discuss food insecurity among college students with an emphasis on the social significance of food and food insecurity.     

Digital disruption of dietetics: are we ready?

Digital health is transforming the delivery of health care around the world to meet the growing challenges presented by ageing populations with multiple chronic conditions. Digital health technologies can support the delivery of personalised nutrition care through the standardised Nutrition Care Process (NCP) by using personal data and technology‐supported delivery modalities. The digital disruption of traditional dietetic services is occurring worldwide, supporting responsive and high‐quality nutrition care. These disruptive technologies include integrated electronic and personal health records, mobile apps, wearables, artificial intelligence and machine learning, conversation agents, chatbots, and social robots. Here, we outline how digital health is disrupting the traditional model of nutrition care delivery and outline the potential for dietitians to not only embrace digital disruption, but also take ownership in shaping it, aiming to enhance patient care. An overview is provided of digital health concepts and disruptive technologies according to the four steps in the NCP: nutrition assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and monitoring and evaluation. It is imperative that dietitians stay abreast of these technological developments and be the leaders of the disruption, not simply subject to it. By doing so, dietitians now, as well as in the future, will maximise their impact and continue to champion evidence‐based nutrition practice.     

改良新产程模式管理硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩产程对母婴结局的影响

目的探讨应用改良新产程模式管理硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩产程对母婴结局的影响。方法选取2018年1月-2020年2月在长春市妇产医院自愿行硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩的单胎初产足月妊娠产妇220例为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各110例。观察组产妇应用改良新产程模式管理无痛分娩,对照组产妇应用新产程模式管理产程无痛分娩。观察两种产程管理模式管理产程对母婴结局影响。结果观察组产妇潜伏期、加速期及第二产程时间均较对照组明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。两组产妇剖宫产率和产后出血率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组产妇阴道助产率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组产妇产后出血量明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿脐动脉血pH值<7.2比例低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用改良新产程模式管理的硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩产妇产程时限明显缩短,阴道助产率降低,产后出血量明显减少,新生儿脐动脉血pH值<7.2比例明显降低,因此改良新产程模式管理产程,可有效保证母婴安全。     

基于精益六西格玛管理的门诊服务流程优化实践

目的探索精益六西格玛管理在综合医院门诊服务流程优化中的效果,提升门诊服务,改善患者就医体验。方法运用精益六西格玛管理体系5个阶段,选取2019年5—12月168万人次门诊患者为对照组、2020年1—8月120万人次门诊患者为观察组。对照组采用常规门诊管理,观察组采用精益六西格玛管理。比较两组门诊患者就诊时间、等候时间、取药时间、满意度。结果观察组门诊患者就诊时间、等候时间、取药时间均明显小于对照组,患者满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于精益六西格玛管理,门诊服务流程取得了较好的改进效果,不断优化门诊资源配置,患者满意度提高,最终得出一套适用于综合医院推广和借鉴的门诊服务优化流程。     

用层析法研究X—CT的论证问题

为改善技术论证的定量程度，作者用层析法对Ｘ－ＣＴ的选型操作进行了研究，并提出此方法可推广应用于一般医院的大型装备。     

基于ERAS理念的HAPA模型健康教育在肝切除术中的应用效果

目的 探讨基于加速康复外科（ERAS）理念的健康行动过程取向（HAPA）模型健康教育在肝切除术中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年1月至2022年6月在湖北省荆州市第一人民医院行肝切除术的患者90例,按照随机数字表法,分为干预组和对照组,每组45例。对照组给予常规健康教育,干预组给予基于ERAS理念的HAPA模型健康教育,比较两组患者术后身体体征恢复情况、自我效能感、健康行为、自我管理能力差异。结果 干预组患者首次活动时间为（23.87±4.32）min、首次进食时间为（9.87±2.67）h、首次通气时间为（45.28±4.32）min、引流管拔管时间为（22.45±4.25）h、住院时间为（10.53±2.85）d,均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预后,干预组患者自我效能感量表、健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ、成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表评分均高于对照组,且干预前后各指标差值比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 肝切除术患者采用基于ERAS理念的HAPA模型健康教育干预,能够提高术后身体体征恢复效率,改善患者自我效能感、健康行为及自我管理能力。     

新型光敏聚酰亚胺/SiO2杂化材料的制备与性能研究

通过溶胶－凝胶法制备了一种新型的光敏聚酰亚胺／二氧化硅杂化材料。研究表明当ＳｉＯ２的含量≤１０ｗｔ％时杂化材料除了保持光敏聚酰亚胺原有的感光性能外其热稳定性能、力学性能以及与基底的粘附性能均有明显地提高,同时材料的热膨胀系数也显著地降低。     

高血压患者健康教育需求调查与对策

目的：探讨我国高血压患者健康教育临床护理一体化模式,了解高血压患者对健康教育的需求。方法：对１４２例高血压患者进行问卷与面谈。结果：高血压患者对高血压的防治知识欠缺,认知自我护理不够,知行未合一。多数患者需求能解决实际问题的健康知识;接受教育的方式大多选择医护讲解和示范。结论：运用护理程序对病人实施健康教育,充分利用社会资源对高血压患者加强健康教育,将有利于高血压的身心健康。     

电化法研究壳聚糖树脂与游离酸的相互作用

利用电化学实验技术跟踪交联壳聚糖树脂吸附低浓度游离酸的行为,讨论了不同盐酸浓度和不同甲醇浓度两种因素对吸附的影响,并利用固液相互作用方程,求取吸附剂－吸附质相互作用能。实验结果表明,交联壳聚糖树脂吸附低浓度游离酸的过程是遵循单分子 机制进行的。