STAT3 couples with 14-3-3σ to regulate BCR signaling,B-cell differentiation,and IgE production

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De novo proximal interstitial deletions of 14q: Cytogenetic and molecular investigations

We report on 2 unrelated patients who had chromosome analysis performed because of psychomotor delay, Failure to thrive, and minor anomalies. Each patient had a novel proximal 14q deletion (q11.2 to q21.1 in patient 737 and q12 to q22 in patient 777). Polymorphic (C-A)_n microsatellite markers distributed along the length of chromosome 14q were examined in both patients and their parents in order to determine which marker loci were deleted. The deletion in patient 737 was found to be paternal in origin, based on the analysis of 2 marker loci (D14S54 and D14S70), thus assigning these loci to the deleted interval q11.2 q21.1. Furthermore, 3 loci were not deleted (TCRD, D14S50, and D14S80), suggesting that they are within or proximal to 14q11.2. In the other family (patient 777), none of the markers were fully informative, but the deleted chromosome was determined to be paternally derived based on cytogenetic heteromorphisms. Despite having overlapping proximal 14q deletions, these 2 patients shared few phenotypic similarities except for failure to thrive, micrognathia, and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. Therefore, a distinct proximal 14q deletion syndrome is not yet apparent. However, the molecular analyses facilitated the localization of several 14q DNA markers to the deletion regions in these 2 patients, while excluding other markers from each deletion. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

葛根素对LPS诱导急性脑损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的:研究葛根素(Pur)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠急性感染性脑损伤的保护作用及机制。方法:36只清洁级雄性ICR小鼠随机分为正常对照组(NS)、LPS感染组(LPS)和葛根素组(Pur+LPS)。LPS腹腔注射建立急性脑损伤模型,立即腹腔注射给予葛根素注射液治疗,6和24h后旷场。暗场实验检测各组小鼠的自发活动,WesternBlot检测脑组织白细胞分化抗原14(CD14)和环氧化酶2(C0X-2)蛋白表达量,Nisl染色观察神经元存活情况。结果:与NS组相比,LPS组6和24 h旷场实验自主活动距离和穿格次数显著减少,海马神经元的存活数目显著减少,脑组织CD14和C0X-2蛋白表达量显著升高(P<0.05);与LPS组比较,Pur+LPS组6和24 h时海马神经元的存活率明显提高,且CD14和C0X-2蛋白表达量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:葛根素注射液对LPS所致小鼠急性感染性脑损伤具有一定保护作用,其作用机制可能与抑制脑组织CD14和C0X-2表达有关。     

Loss-of-function mutations in caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 14 (CARD14) are associated with a severe variant of atopic dermatitis

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α-MSH对脂多糖诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞CD14和TLR4 mRNA 表达的影响

目的：观察α-黑色素细胞刺激素(α-MSH)对脂多糖（LPS）诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞CD14和TLR4 mRNA表达的影响，探讨α-MSH拮抗LPS的作用机制。方法：用半定量逆转录多聚酶链反应（RT-PCR）的方法检测LPS诱导体外培养的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞CD14和TLR4 mRNA表达水平和给予α-MSH后对CD14和TLR4 mRNA表达的影响。结果：正常静息小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞只表达少量的CD14和TLR4 mRNA,给予LPS刺激后6 h，两者表达明显强于正常对照（P<0.01），并且其表达量随着LPS刺激时间的增加维持在高水平，24 h达到峰值，在48 h CD14 mRNA的表达降到正常水平，而TLR4 mRNA的表达仍然维持在高水平。在LPS刺激的同时给予α-MSH，CD14和TLR4 mRNA的表达则明显低于LPS组（P<0.05），而且α-MSH这种效应与其使用浓度有关，0.1 nmol/L α-MSH不影响LPS诱导的CD14和TLR4 mRNA的表达，而当α-MSH的浓度达到1、10、100 nmol/L则能显著影响CD14和TLR4 mRNA的表达（P<0.05），但各个浓度组之间的作用没有明显差别（P>0.05）。结论：α-MSH抗LPS的效应可能与其下调LPS信号转导通路关键受体CD14和TLR4 mRNA的表达有关，从而干扰LPS跨膜信号转导，阻碍巨噬细胞活化。     

Two CD14 promoter polymorphisms and atopic phenotypes in Czech patients with IgE-mediated allergy

BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy belongs to common chronic disorders resulting from an interaction between both genetic and environmental factors. The gene encoding CD14 is a positional candidate gene for allergic diseases as it is localized on chromosome 5q31.1, a region that is linked to asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Recently, several polymorphisms in the promoter region of this gene have been associated with atopic phenotypes in various populations. METHODS: We investigated relationship among atopic phenotypes and two polymorphisms [C(-159)T and G(-1359)T] in the promoter of the CD14 gene in the Czech population. Polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses was used to determine the CD14 genotypes in subjects with IgE-mediated allergic diseases (n = 562) and random controls (n = 320). RESULTS: The CD14 allele or genotype distributions were similar in patients and control group. However, the frequency of the C allele of the C(-159)T polymorphism was higher in patients with positive skin prick tests for moulds than in patients without reactivity to this antigen (P < 0.002, Pcorr<0.01). In addition, we found that patients with homozygous genotype (GG) of the G(-1359)T polymorphism had marginally lower percentage of positive skin prick tests compared with the other genotypes (P < 0.029, Pcorr > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports the idea that CD14 gene variants may act as disease modifiers of IgE-mediated allergic diseases.     

流行性乙型脑炎病毒活疫苗株SA14-14-2基因稳定性研究

目的 通过研究流行性乙型脑炎活疫苗减毒株基因稳定性，从分子水平证实流行性乙型脑炎活疫苗的遗传稳定性。方法分析流行性乙型脑炎活疫苗主种子、工作种子及其相应的疫苗病毒E蛋白基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列，并与其强毒株和基因库中乙脑病毒减毒株(AF15119)比较。结果乙脑活疫苗主种子、工作种子及其相应的疫苗病毒的E蛋白基因核苷酸序列完全相同。这些病毒E蛋白的氨基酸序列与基因库中乙脑病毒弱毒株(AF315119)比较显示第E447位点氨基酸有差异。结论乙脑病毒活疫苗减毒株遗传学特性稳定。     

Distribution and pharmacological characterization of somatostatin receptor binding sites in the sheep brain

Somatostatin binding sites have been localized and quantified in the sheep brain using ¹²⁵I-Tyr₀-DTrp₈-somatostatin, by quantitative high resolution light microscopic autoradiography. Sections were analyzed by densitometry on radioautographic film, and subsequently on slides coated with photoemulsion. Specific somatostatin binding sites were concentrated in the medial habenula, superior colliculus, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, inferior olive, spinal trigeminal nucleus, and cerebellum. In competition experiments, octreotide, a sst2/sst3/sst5 selective agonist only partially displaced ¹²⁵I-Tyr₀-DTrp₈-somatostatin in the three cerebellar layers while it was fully active as compared to somatostatin 14 and 28 in the deeper layers of the parietal cortex. Moderate to low somatostatin receptor densities were present in the mesencephalic periaqueductal gray, dorsal raphe, thalamic paraventricular nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, pineal gland, dorsal tegmental, dorsolateral tegmental and parabrachial nuclei, nucleus of the solitary tract. The distribution of somatostatin binding sites generally correlates with the data obtained on slides dipped in photoemulsion which provided better resolution and more precise localization. In most of the labeled areas, ¹²⁵I-Tyr₀-DTrp₈-somatostatin receptor binding was distributed between both neuropil and perikarya. Perikarya bearing ¹²⁵I-Tyr₀-DTrp₈-somatostatin receptors were observed in areas which did not display detectable binding sites on film such as the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic complex and arcuate nucleus and in the locus coeruleus. In conclusion, the distribution of ¹²⁵I-Tyr₀-DTrp₈-somatostatin binding sites in sheep brain is very reminiscent of other mammals being closer to the human than to rodents.