Thyroid,parathyroid hormones and calcium homeostasis

The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in response to thyroid-stimulating hormone release from the anterior pituitary gland. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. T4 and T3 increase the basal metabolic rate, heat production, and help to maintain normal growth and development. Serum calcium levels are under very tight control. The majority of calcium is found in bones. Calcium and phosphate levels are maintained by four hormones – parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, vitamin D and fibroblast growth factor 23. PTH is produced by the parathyroid glands and its secretion is determined by serum calcium levels.     

乌鲁木齐市妊娠早中晚期甲状腺激素水平的参考范围

目的 评估乌鲁木齐市妊娠期妇女各期特异性血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4),血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)的正常参考范围.方法 选取新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院妇产科门诊进行常规孕期检查的正常妊娠妇女663例作为研究组,非妊娠期妇女185例作为对照组,根据美国国家临床生化研究院(NACB)指南的推荐,采用电化学发光法测定FT3、FT4、血清TSH、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb).结果 妊娠早、中、晚期血清FT3三组比较差异有统计学意义,F=155.20,P<0.05;随着孕期增加,FT3水平呈下降趋势,妊娠早、中、晚期两两比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为0.18、0.19、0.76,均P<0.05);血清FT3在妊娠早期、妊娠中期、妊娠晚期的参考值范围分别为:3.43~9.94pmol/L、3.53~5.74pmol/L、3.56~5.19pmol/L.妊娠早、中、晚期血清FT4三组比较差异有统计学意义,F=100.78,P<0.05;随着孕期增加,FT4水平呈下降趋势,妊娠早、中、晚期两两比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为0.71、0.74、0.94,均P<0.05);血清FT4在妊娠早期、妊娠中期、妊娠晩期的参考值范围分别为:9.94~20.21pmol/L、9.69~17.77pmol/L、7.28~15.99pmol/L.妊娠早、中、晚期血清TSH三组比较差异有统计学意义,H=59.88,P<0.05;随着孕期增加,TSH水平呈上升趋势,妊娠早、中、晚期两两比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为0.34、0.23、-1.15,均P<0.05);血清TSH在妊娠早期、妊娠中期、妊娠晚期的参考值范围分别为:0.06~4.80mIU/L、0.29~5.84mIU/L、0.65~7.64mIU/L.结论 乌鲁木齐市妊娠期妇女的血清甲状腺激素水平具备地域上的特异性,与非妊娠期差异较大,与美国甲状腺学会(ATA)建议的妊娠期甲状腺功能指标参考范围结果差别较大.     

妊娠期甲状腺功能减退对子代脑发育的影响

母亲甲状腺素是胎儿甲状腺激素的主要来源.育龄期妇女是甲状腺功能减退的高发人群,妊娠期甲状腺素缺乏损伤胎儿神经系统发育及智力.对妊娠妇女的甲状腺功能进行普遍筛查非常重要,有助于及时发现和治疗甲状腺功能减退,减少胎儿神经系统发育异常,避免认知功能障碍和智力水平低下,提高出生人口质量.     

Clinical safety evaluation of marine oil derived from Calanus finmarchicus

Marine oils are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid. These PUFAs are associated with health benefits and additional sustainable sources of marine oils are desirable. One of the source organisms is Calanus finmarchicus, a copepod endemic to the North Atlantic. PUFAs in the lipid fraction of this organism are largely in the form of wax esters. To assess the safety of these wax esters as a source of PUFAs, a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted whereby 64 subjects consumed 2 g Calanus oil in capsule form daily for a period of one year. A group of 53 subjects consumed placebo capsules. At baseline, 6-, and 12-months, series of evaluations were conducted, including: vital signs, clinical chemistry and hematological evaluations, and adverse event reporting. Food intake and physical exercise were controlled by means of a questionnaire. There were no effects on Calanus oil treatment on any of the safety parameters measured. A slight increase in the incidence of eczema was reported in the Calanus oil group, but the response was minor in nature, not statistically significant after controlling for multiple comparisons, and could not be attributed to treatment.     

知母皂苷及其苷元对动物模型β肾上腺素受体的调整作用

目的;观察知母提取物矢母皂苷及其苷元对动物模型病理性升高的β肾上腺本的调整作用,同时观察ＳＡＲ对家兔氢化可的松模型血清皮质醇含量以及正常小鼠以及正常小鼠和甲亢大鼠糖皮质激素受体密度的影响,旨在探讨两种提取物调整β肾上腺素受体的调整作用及其机制。方法：（１）观察ＴＩＭ对甲亢大鼠模型脑组织β肾上腺素受体的调整作用;（２）观察ＳＡＲ对家兔氢考模型外周淋巴细胞β受体的调整作用;（３）观察ＳＡＲ对家兔氢考模     

小儿肾病综合征血清游离甲状腺素与血脂及血、尿蛋白的关系研究

【目的】探讨原发性肾病综合征 (PNS)患儿血清游离甲状腺素 (FT3 、FT4)的变化及其与血清总胆固醇 (TCH)、甘油三酯 (TG)、白蛋白 (ALB)及尿蛋白 (Upro)的关系。【方法】对 6 0例PNS患儿用酶联免疫法检测血清FT3 、FT4水平 ,并测定血ALB、TCH、TG ,及尿Upro水平 ,同时检测 2 5例正常儿童做对照。【结果】PNS组患儿血清FT3 、FT4降低 ,促甲状腺激素 (TSH)升高 ,与正常对照组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,PNS组血FT3 、FT4与ALB呈正相关 ,与TCH、TG、Upro呈负相关。【结论】PNS患儿活动期存在甲状腺功能低下 ,检测血FT3 、FT4、TSH水平 ,可作为评估病情发展趋势和判断预后的指标之一 ,也可以为PNS患儿尤其是激素不敏感者给予小剂量甲状腺素 (TH)治疗提供重要的理论依据。     

不同孕期甲状腺激素的检测与分析

目的 检测早、中、晚妊娠期妇女血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸、游离甲状腺素、促甲状腺激素水平,并分析其差异性。方法 选取2017年7月~12月在乐山市中区就诊的100例健康育龄妇女做为对照组,300例无既往甲状腺相关疾病史的不同孕期妊娠妇女作为分析对象,按照孕期分为孕早期组98例、孕中期组112例和孕晚期组90例。采用罗氏电化学发光免疫分析仪检测血清TSH、FT3、FT4水平。结果 妊娠妇女血清TSH在孕早期、中期分别为（2.43±1.0）μIU/ml,（2.88±0.43）μIU/ml,低于对照组的（3.01±0.32）μIU/ml和孕晚期组的（3.89±0.21）μIU/ml,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。FT3和FT4在孕早期分别为（5.30±0.41）pmol/L,（16.12±0.98）pmol/L,均高于孕中期的（4.11±0.39）pmol/L、（12.05±2.13）pmol/L,孕晚期的（4.05±0.59）pmol/L、（11.02±1.68）pmol/L和对照组的（4.85±0.70）pmol/L、（14.7±1.62）pmol/L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 孕期与妊娠妇女血清甲状腺激素水平密切相关,甲状腺激素水平检测对筛查和干预甲减及优生优育至关重要。     

甲状腺素对胃腺癌细胞VLDL-R选择性剪接的影响

目的探讨甲状腺素对低分化胃腺癌细胞MKN45细胞中极低密度脂蛋白受体(VLDL-R)选择性剪接的影响。方法在体外,用一定浓度的甲状腺素与MKN45细胞温育不同时间后,采用RT-PCR和Western印迹技术检测两型VLDL-R mRNA和蛋白质的表达水平,以两型受体的比值间接反映甲状腺素对VLDL-R选择性剪接的影响。结果甲状腺素可明显上调两型VLDL-R的表达,Ⅱ型受体与Ⅰ型受体mRNA的比值随时间延长逐渐增大。结论甲状腺素可显著增强VLDL-R的选择性剪接,表现为Ⅱ型受体表达的增高幅度明显大于Ⅰ型受体。     

A possible mechanism for 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl-mediated decrease in serum thyroxine level in mice

Serum total thyroxine (T₄) level was markedly decreased, without significant increases in the levels of hepatic T₄-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (T₄-UGT) and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, 3 days after treatment with 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB153) (100 mg/kg, ip) in both 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-sensitive C57BL/6 and TCDD-resistant DBA/2 mice. Likewise, in either strain of mice, no CB153-mediated changes in the binding levels of [¹²⁵I]T₄ to serum proteins, such as transthyretin, albumin, and thyroxine binding globulin, were observed, while in CB153-pretreated C57BL/6 mice, but not in CB153-pretreated DBA/2 mice, the levels of biliary [¹²⁵I]T₄ and [¹²⁵I]T₄-glucuronide at 90-120 min after injection of [¹²⁵I]T₄ slightly increased, as compared with those in the corresponding control mice. Concerning tissue distribution of [¹²⁵I]T₄, liver-selective increases in the [¹²⁵I]T₄ accumulation by CB153-pretreatment were observed in both C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice, and the hepatic levels of [¹²⁵I]T₄ in the C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice became more than 44% and 34% of the [¹²⁵I]T₄ dosed, respectively. The present findings indicated that the CB153-mediated decreases in the level of serum total T₄ in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice occur mainly through an increase in the accumulation of T₄ in the liver.