Comparison of the outcomes of adipofascial and two–staged fasciocutaneous reverse sural flap in patients with lower leg trauma

BackgroundDistal one – third trauma of the lower limb is a complex condition to treat. The reverse sural flap is a time tested procedure for reconstruction of such defects especially in patients where free flaps are ruled out due to comorbidities. The purpose of this study is to compare the two modifications of the classical technique of reverse sural flap (adipofascial and fasciocutaneous) which is lacking in the literature.Material & methodsIn this study, the authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 67 patients with lower one-third leg defects reconstructed with either adipofascial reverse sural flap (Group A, n = 37) or two-staged fasciocutaneous reverse sural flap (Group B, n = 30) in a tertiary care hospital in North India between 2015 and 2019. An evaluation of the different flap characteristics of the two variants of the reverse sural flap was done and compared. Mean follow up period was 12 months.ResultsThe adipofascial group showed shorter operative time, was a single-stage and with better reach and aesthetic outcome. The complications did not differ except that for the adipofascial group was associated with unstable skin graft over the flap initially which did not require any treatment.DiscussionLower one-third defect of the lower limb has been a challenge for reconstructive surgeons all over the world. The goal of reconstruction is a functional lower limb. Although free tissue transfer is the preferred modality of treatment of such cases but it may not be possible in all cases due to various reasons. Reverse sural flap is a very lucrative local option for such reconstructions as it is easy to perform, reliable, low profile and bulk, require minimal facilities with less operative time. Adipofascial flaps represent an extremely useful modification of the reverse sural flap which is quick to perform with minimal donor site morbidity.ConclusionAdipofascial reverse sural artery flap is a good option for patients with lower limb trauma with the added advantage of being single-stage and with better donor site cosmesis as compared to the fasciocutaneous reverse sural artery flap.     

阴道内放置PGE_2用于足月妊娠引产351例疗效观察

目的　比较 PGE2 阴道栓剂及催产素静滴引产的效果。方法　将 5 85例同样条件孕妇 ,随机分两组 ,分别给PGE2 阴道栓剂和催产素静脉滴注引产。结果　前列腺素组及催产素组引产成功率分别为 96 .3%和 79.92 % ;临产发动时间及总产程分别为 (2 .70± 0 .6 3) h,(3.0 1± 3.41) h和 (3.91± 0 .71) h,(6 .0 3± 3.5 0 ) h;剖宫产率分别为6 .8%和 18.18% (P<0 .0 1) ,有显著差异。结论　 PGE2 栓剂用于足月妊娠引产效果显著、安全、方便 ,对促宫颈成熟意义重要 ,可缩短住院天数 ,减少住院费用。     

337 株肠杆菌科细菌超广谱 β－内酰胺酶的检测及耐药分析

目的：测定３３７株肠杆菌科细菌产超广谱β－内酰胺酶（ＥＳＢＬｓ）情况。了解产酶株组与非产酶株组对临床常用抗生素的耐药情况。方法：用双纸片协同试验筛选产ＥＳＢＬｓ株,采用Ｋ－Ｂ法测定产酶株与非产酶株对临床常用抗生素的敏感性。结果：３１株肠杆菌科细菌为产ＥＳＢＬｓ株。１９９８～１９９９年度产酶率（１２．９％）显著高于１９９６～１９９７年度产酶率（４．２％）。产酶株组对３代头孢和氨曲南、安美汀、特美汀耐     

Huge colloid cyst of the third ventricle associated with calcification in the cyst wall

Giant or huge colloid cysts of the third ventricle up to of more than 3 cm in diameter are extremely rare. The patient presented with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, including headache, vomiting, and papilledema. Computerized tomographic (CT) scan revealed a hypodense, huge colloid cyst of the third ventricle associated with calcification in the cyst wall. Both hypodensity and calcification are uncommon roentgenological findings for colloid cysts of the third ventricle. The patient was operated on by the transcortical/transventricular approach and the colloid cyst was completely excised.     

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1预测足月引产分析

目的：探讨定性检测宫颈阴道分泌物胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1(IGFBP-1)预测足月引产成败的价值。方法：64例初产、足月、头位、有引产指征的孕妇在引产前行宫颈分泌物IGFBP—1定性测定，然后行PV检查了解宫颈条件得出Bishop评分。选用口服米索前列醇25μg，3h1次，引产。结果：IGFBP-1预示引产成功的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值均优于宫颈Bishop评分。IGFBP-1阳性组引产成功的时间短于阴性组，引产用药次数也较阴性组少。当IGFBP-1阳性且宫颈柔软时96％在3d内引产成功。结论：IGFBP-1是反映宫颈成熟的良好指标，单纯利用IGFBP-1预示引产成败较Bishop评分更有效，两者结合预示引产准确性更高。     

米索前列醇用于晚期妊娠引产的现况和进展

米索前列醇用于晚期引产效果肯定,但安全性仍不能令人满意。本文综合近年来的文献,就米索前列醇与其他常用引产药物的效果和安全性比较,米索前列醇的用药途径、用药剂量、用药间隔,与米非司酮配伍的应用现况等方面作一综述。     

Innervation of the Temporo-Mandibular Disc in Man

Abstract

Objective. To examine whether the rapid increase in the availability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has changed the number of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injuries related to the removal of mandibular third molars in Finland. The hypothesis was that the number of nerve injuries should diminish due to better imaging methods. Materials and methods. The number of CBCT devices, the annual number of CBCT examinations and the number of permanent IAN injuries occurring between 1997 and 2007 were analyzed. The data was collected from three national registers: the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, the Social Insurance Institution and the Patient Insurance Centre. A detailed analysis was made from the cases of permanent IAN injuries. Results. The first CBCT device was registered in 2002 and the cumulative number of these devices in 2009 was 22. There was an increase from 555 to 3160 in the number of annual CBCT examinations during the period 2004–2009. The total number of permanent IAN injuries during the years 1997–2007 was 129 and remained stable throughout the period (regression analysis, p = 0.974, r ² = 0.01). Conclusions. Contrary to this hypothesis, the availability of CBCT devices has had no significant influence on the number of IAN injuries related to mandibular third molar removals in Finland. More education should be given to optimize the use of CBCT to cover difficult cases that may give rise to complications.     

Does post dural puncture headache exist in idiopathic intracranial hypertension? A pilot study

Background/ObjectiveOccurrence of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) after diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP) for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) may seem very unlikely in clinical practice. Nevertheless, it has been suggested by several studies, mainly in sub-group analyses. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PDPH in an IIH population and determine any eventual predictive factors of PDPH occurrence.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multiple-center observational study. All newly diagnosed IIH patients who met the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) or the Dandy modified criteria were included from three different French hospitals. They all underwent LP following the same process with the same type of needle. We recorded PDPH occurring within five days after LP, as defined by ICHD-3 criteria.ResultsSeventy-four IIH patients were recruited, of whom 23 (31%) presented with PDPH. Neither classical risk factors for PDPH such as body mass index, age or gender, nor cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure, or specific IIH features were associated with occurrence of PDPH.ConclusionPDPH can occur after LP in IIH patients. Clinicians should be aware of this possible event during the IIH diagnosis assessment and should not automatically reconsider IIH diagnosis. PDPH prevention using an atraumatic needle and dedicated PDPH treatment seem relevant in IIH patients.