Transport and uptake characteristics of a new derivative of berberine(CPU-86017) by human intestinal epithelial cell line: Caco-2

AIM: The characteristics of transepithelial transport and uptake of CPU-86017 {[7-(4-chlorbenzyl)-7,8,13,13α-tetrahydroberberine chloride, CTHB]}, a new antiarrhythmia agent and a new derivative of berberine, were investigated on epithelial cell line (Caco-2) to further understand the absorption mechanism of berberine and its derivatives. METHODS: Caco-2 cell was used. RESULTS: 1) The permeability coefficient from the apical (AP) to basolateral (BL) of CPU-86017 was approximately 5 times higher than that from BL-to-AP transport. The effects of a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor-cyclosporin A, some surfactants, and lower pH on the transepithelial transport of CPU-86017 were also observed. Cyclosporine A at 7.5 mg/L had no effect on the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER); an about 4-fold enhancement on the transepithlial transport of CPU-86017 was observed. Some surfactants (sodium citrate, sodium deoxycholate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate) at 100 μmol/L and low pH (pH=6.0) induced a reversible d     

Particle release in extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein lowering therapies

Release of microparticles into the blood during extracorporeal circulation must be kept low because of possibly serious acute and chronic adverse effects. Concentration and size distribution of microparticles were measured during simulated treatments (n = 7) on original equipment for 2 standard low-density lipoprotein (LDL) elimination procedures (DALI 750, Fresenius AG, St. Wendel, Germany and Liposorber, Kaneka Corporation, Osaka, Japan) and compared to hemofiltration solutions. For both systems as well as in hemofiltration solutions, the mean particle concentrations in 500 ml portions gathered from the efferent blood line stayed below 10% of pharmacopoeia standards for infusion solutions (United States Pharmacopoeia, European Pharmacopoeia) in all measured size classes. Although particle concentrations were comparable in all systems, the mean total number of particles > or =2 microm released per session was lowest in the DALI (167,000) compared to the Liposorber (465,000) and hemofiltration solutions (2,240,000). This was mainly due to different total processed blood volumes necessary to achieve the required LDL reduction.     

Associations of alcohol, height, and reproductive factors with serum hormone concentrations in postmenopausal Japanese women

We measured serum levels of estradiol (E₂), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), progesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in 61 postmenopausal women drawn from female residents in a community in Japan to evaluate the relationships between these hormone levels and potential breast cancer risk factors. The information on reproductive history, body size, alcohol use, and physical activity was obtained by means of a self-administered questionnaire. There was a significant trend in increasing E₂ level with increasing height after taking account of age and body mass index (BMI) (p for trend = 0.04). BMI was inversely associated with SHBG level after controlling for age (p for trend = 0.01). Decreasing progesterone with increasing BMI was observed after controlling age and history of hysterectomy (P=0.05). Alcohol consumption was positively associated with E₂ level and there was a strong linear trend after controlling for age, height, and BMI (p for trend=0.001). Trend for increasing DHEAS with alcohol consumption was also statistically significant after controlling for age and history of hysterectomy (p for trend=0.01). Reproductive factors as well as physical activity were not related to any of the hormone levels.     

紫外分光光度法测定复方链霉素软膏中2组分的含量

目的:建立以紫外分光光度法测定复方链霉素软膏中硫酸链霉素和氨苯磺胺含量的方法。方法:采用麦芽酚-硫酸铁铵比色法,以硫酸铁铵为显色剂,于521nm波长处测定硫酸链霉素的吸收度;以0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液为溶剂,于251nm波长处测定氨苯磺胺的吸收度。结果:硫酸链霉素、氨苯磺胺检测浓度分别在200～950(r=0.9994)、1.464～7.784(r=0.9998)μg/ml范围内与吸收度呈良好的线性关系;平均加样回收率分别为99.1%(RSD=1.90%)、99.7%(RSD=1.60%)。结论:本方法简便、准确,可用于复方硫酸链霉素软膏的质量控制。     

硫酸鱼精蛋白注射液细菌内毒素检查研究

目的 :对硫酸鱼精蛋白注射液进行细菌内毒素检查的可行性研究 ,为该药品质量标准中制定内毒素检查项提供参考。方法 :采用凝胶法分别对两个不同生产厂家的各 3批样品进行干扰试验。结果 :硫酸鱼精蛋白注射液 (10 mg/ ml)在稀释 2 4 0倍时无干扰作用 ,可用细菌内毒素检查法进行检查。结论 :硫酸鱼精蛋白注射液细菌内毒素检查是可行的。     

搀硫酸镁穿山甲洗涤后不能作正品入药

目的 研究搀硫酸铁穿山甲洗涤后是否能作穿山甲入药。方法 各种方法洗涤后,用聚酰胺薄层色谱法、EDTA滴定法、酸不溶性灰分测定和定氟法对搀假物进行定性定量分析。结果 定性分析显示洗涤后的穿山甲中化学成分已发生变化，总灰分超出正常穿山甲的11倍，定量分析显示洗涤后的搀假穿山甲中仍存在硫酸铁，蛋白质含量有所减少。结论 搀硫酸铁穿山甲经洗涤后,仍不能作为正品入药。     

黄芪和硫酸锌对肠缺血-再灌注致肺损伤的防治作用

目的：研究黄芪、硫酸锌对肠缺血-再灌注(I／R)过程中肺脂质过氧化变化的影响并探讨其机制。方法：采用夹闭兔肠系膜上动脉及松央再灌注，复制损伤模犁。将动物随机分成4组，观察黄芪、硫酸锌对人、出肺血及肺组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO)、丙二醛(MDA)及肺表面活性物质(PS)含量的影响。结果：肠I／R过程中伴有急性肺损伤，静脉给予黄芪及硫酸锌可使再灌注后XO及MDA含量降低，且可防止SOD和PS减少。结论：黄芪、硫酸锌通过抗脂质过氧化能减轻或住一定程度上防止急性肺损伤的发生和发展。     

纤维素硫酸酯体内抗凝血活性的实验研究

目的:研究纤维素硫酸酯对动物体内的抗凝血活性。方法:用试管法测凝血时间(CT),用凝固法测定活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)和凝血酶时间(TT),以肝素和硫酸化右旋糖酐为阳性对照,考察其抗凝血活性的量效性和时效性。结果:纤维素硫酸酯能显著延长CT,APTT和TT,且呈剂量依赖性,但在所试剂量范围内对PT无明显影响;其抗凝血活性在给药2h时达到最大。结论:纤维素硫酸酯具有明显抗凝血作用,强于现有同类抗凝血药硫酸化右旋糖酐,略低于150IU·mg-1的肝素。     

荧光分光光度法测定硫酸沙丁胺醇注射液的含量

目的:建立荧光分光光度法测定硫酸沙丁胺醇注射液的含量.方法:将样品稀释后,以280 nm为激发波长,310 nm为发射波长,狭缝5 nm.结果:硫酸沙丁胺醇在2～140μg/mL浓度范围呈现良好的线性关系.回归方程为y=2.378 8 C 66.857,r=0.999 6,平均回收率为99.3%,RSD=0.85%(n=5).结论:该法简便易行、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于硫酸沙丁胺醇注射液的含量测定.