Neuroticism,symptom reports,and Type A behavior: Interpretive cautions for the Framingham scale

The Framingham Type A Scale (FTAS) is one of three primary measures of Type A behavior. Unlike the structured interview (SI) and Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS), the FTAS is correlated with neuroticism. Further, neuroticism and FTAS scores predict angina-like chest pain complaints but not more definitive coronary heart disease (CHD) end points. Thus, the FTAS may be unique among Type A measures in its susceptibility to the neuroticism-symptom reporting confound. The present study examined associations of the SI, JAS, and FTAS with neuroticism and symptom reporting in two independent samples of undergraduate males. Unlike the SI and JAS, the FTAS was correlated with neuroticism and symptom reporting. Further, the correlations of FTAS scores and symptoms were due to shared variance with neuroticism. The findings are discussed in terms of a possible alternative interpretation of the Framingham Study and the need to consider neuroticism in studies of personality and health.     

舒必利与氯丙嗪合用治疗慢性精神分裂症阴性症状的对照研究

目的 探讨舒必利与氯丙嗪及舒必利,氯丙嗪治疗慢性精神分裂症阴性症状的疗效。方法 将60例以阴性症状为主要表现的慢性精神分裂症病人随机分为舒必利合并氯丙嗪组(研究组)及舒必利组,氯丙嗪3个组。用临床疗效评定标准和BPRS量表评定疗效。结果 研究组的显效率(显进 痊愈)明显比氯丙嗪组及舒必利组高,x~2检验P<0.05提示舒必利合并氯丙嗪治疗比单一用药疗效显著。舒必利组氯丙嗪组显效率比较无显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论 舒必利合并氯丙嗪治疗慢性精神分裂症阴性症状的疗效比单一用药更好,副作用更少。     

Symptom Diary–Based Analysis of Disease Course among Patients with Mild Coronavirus Disease,Germany, 2020

Limited information is available on the clinical course of outpatients with mild coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This information is critically important to inform public health prevention strategies and to provide anticipatory guidance to patients, primary care providers, and employers. We retrospectively assessed the daily prevalence of symptoms in 313 COVID-19 outpatients for the first 20 days of illness. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess the probability of symptom occurrence over time. Fatigue (91%), cough (85%), and headache (78%) were the most common symptoms and occurred a median of 1 day from symptom onset. Neurologic symptoms, such as loss of taste (66%) and anosmia (62%), and dyspnea (51%) occurred considerably later (median 3–4 days after symptom onset). Symptoms of COVID-19 are similar to those of other respiratory pathogens, so symptomatic patients should be tested more frequently for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 during influenza season to prevent further spread of COVID-19.     

洛赛克治疗症状性胃食管反流病95例临床观察

目的了解洛赛克强力抑酸作用对胃食管反流病(GERD)患者临床症状改善及胃镜下食管炎症改善情况.方法将95例GERD病人随机分为两组,用洛赛克(20mg qd)50例,雷尼替丁(150mg Bid)45例,疗程4周,停药2周后胃镜复查,观察临床症状及食管炎症改善情况.结果治疗组临床症状改善有效率为91.6%,对照组为50.4%.治疗组胃镜下食管炎症改善有效率为70%,对照组为29.2%.治疗组明显优于对照组.结论对GERD病人抑制胃酸分泌,减轻其对食管粘膜的损伤和改善临床症状洛赛克有较好的疗效,其作用已被公认,但在食管炎症愈合方面疗效不太满意,如与促动力药物合用,可望更高疗效.     

Palliative medicine and end of life care in surgery

Surgeons are privileged to offer treatments that often cure disease. Optimizing comfort for those who cannot be cured is also a core part of every clinician's duty: surveys repeatedly tell us that when death is approaching, people value quality of life above length of survival. Recognizing when someone is dying can be difficult. Tools exist to help; it is worth noting that emergency presentation with life-threatening symptoms can be a marker of poor prognosis. Clear, effective communication is crucial: understanding the patient's perspective and expectations is vital before attempting to offer information that allows future care planning. Judicious use of surgery combined with careful prescribing will optimize comfort, allowing the patient to live as well as possible for as long as possible. Anticipatory prescribing includes opioid, anti-emetic, anti-secretory and sedative medication. Attention should also be given to care of the bereaved. Generalists should understand when to refer to specialist palliative care and remember that reflecting on care when someone has died can be beneficial for professional wellbeing.     

功能性消化不良患者胃排空功能与症状分型的关系

目的　通过 99m Tc植酸钠固体餐检测胃排空 ,了解功能性消化不良 (functional dyspepsia,FD)患者各临床亚型胃运动的情况 .方法　 99m Tc植酸钠标记固体餐 ,对 30例 FD患者 (其中溃疡样型 10例 ,动力障碍型 10例 ,非特异型 10例 )及 10名健康对照者进行了核素检测分析 .结果　运动障碍样型及非特异型 FD患者胃半排空时间延迟 (87± 2 8min,89± 2 6 min vs6 1± 9min,P<0 .0 5 ) ,2 h胃排空率明显减少(6 3.0± 11.5 % ,5 7.7± 15 .5 % vs87.0± 10 .3% ,P<0 .0 1) ,而溃疡样型 FD与正常人比无差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) .结论　胃排空延迟在运动障碍样型及非特异型 FD病因中占重要地位 ,FD三个临床亚型之间发病机制既相同又略有不同 ;FD患者中有症状与胃排空之间存在不一致现象 ,所以核素胃排空检查在 FD胃运动功能的判定及指导治疗上有重要意义 .     

利培酮治疗精神分裂症阴性症状临床对照研究

目的 :评价利培酮治疗精神分裂症阴性症状的疗效及安全性。方法 :采用病例随机对照的研究方法。结果 :利培酮对阴性症状有明显疗效 (P<0 .0 1) ,且对兴趣社交缺乏、注意障碍改善显著 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,副反应少而轻微。结论 :利培酮是治疗精神分裂症阴性症状的有效药物 ,且副反应少而轻微 ,对以阴性症状尤其是兴趣社交缺乏、注意障碍突出的精神分裂症效果显著 ,值得临床推广应用