Relationship between human oocyte maturity, fertilization and follicular fluid growth factors

Follicular fluid concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin-likegrowth factor-I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and oestradiolwere related to diversities in oocyte maturation and fertilizationamong oocytes obtained for invitro fertilization (IVF). Follicularfluid GH, IGF-I and oestradiol concentrations were significantlycorrelated with increasing follicular size. Follicles with immatureoocytes had concentrations of oestradiol that were significantlylower when compared to follicles with intermediate and matureoocytes. Follicular fluid EGF concentration was similar forall oocyte maturational stages. In follicular fluids with matureoocytes we found IGF-I and GH concentrations were significantlyhigher compared to those of follicular fluid with atretic oocytes.Follicular fluids with Immature and intermediate oocytes hadsimilar concentrations of GH and IGF-I to follicular fluid containingmature oocytes and higher concentrations than follicular fluidwith atretic oocytes. No statistically significant differencewas found between fertilized and unfertilized oocytes. We concludethat maturation of oocytes Is associated with higher concentrationsof GH, IGF-I and oestradiol, but follicular fluid IGF-I andGH concentrations cannot serve as a predictor for IVF.     

Endocrine and follicle characteristics of cycles with and without endogenous luteinizing hormone surges during superovulation induction with pulsatile follicle-stimulating hormone

The induction of superovulation in women with human gonadotrophinsmay result in blockage of the endogenous luteinizing hormone(LH) surge, but the reasons for this are not known. Ten normallyovulating women with longstanding infertility volunteered forthis study. They were treated with 225 IU follicle-stimulatinghormone (FSH) daily s.c. in a pulsatile manner (28 IU every3 h) starting on cycle day 2. Serum FSH and oestradiol levelsincreased and serum LH levels decreased significantly duringthe FSH treatment, as compared to their spontaneous cycles.Only five women displayed an LH surge during the FSH treatment.Serum FSH and LH levels during treatment were significantlylower and the number of follicles 12–15 mm in diameterand their total fluid volume was significantly greater in thecycles without an endogenous LH surge. Basal LH levels in thecycles without an LH surge increased soon after the end of theFSH treatment (cycle day 18), while FSH levels were still verylow without any incremental tendency. These results suggestthat a high number of small follicles may have a suppressiveeffect on both tonic and mid-cycle gonadotrophin secretion.Furthermore, the LH suppressive mechanism seems to be differentfrom that of the FSH.     

A comparison of the effects of clomiphene citrate and the aromatase inhibitor letrozole on superovulation in Asian women with normal ovulatory cycles

Objective. To compare the effect of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole and clomiphene citrate (CC) on superovulation in women with normal ovulation.

Methods. A cross-over randomized study of 22 women with normal ovulation, divided randomly into two equal cohorts, was carried out. Each group of 11 women was randomly allocated to take letrozole or CC for one cycle. After washing out for one cycle, the alternative drug was administered in the subsequent cycle. The number and size of mature follicles, endometrial thickness, and estradiol and progesterone levels were monitored.

Results. The number of mature follicles and estradiol levels on ovulation day were significantly lower in the letrozole group than the CC group (p < 0.05 for both). However, no differences between the two groups in endometrial thickness and pattern were observed. Progesterone levels showed ovulation in all cycles.

Conclusions. The administration of 50 mg CC on days 3–5 was superior to 2.5 mg letrozole for superovulation induction in women with normal ovulation.     

影响农牧区绵羊胚胎移植效果因素分析

本文根据笔者多年规模化开展羊胚胎移植工作的经验体会,就影响羊胚胎移植效果的诸因素,进行了有关供受体羊的选择、品种、年龄、胎次、体重、体况、超排方案、配种、胚胎采集、移植、供受体羊饲养管理等因素进行了分析讨论.     

胚胎移植产美国褐牛超排、采卵效果观察

为了改良当地新疆褐牛品种，用胚胎移植产美国褐牛进行了超排、采卵操作，结果表明：不同超排剂量间的处理结果中产胚数、可用胚数、A级胚数差异显著（P〈0．05）。FSH（促卵泡素）注射剂量为9．5mg的美国褐牛胚胎可用率、胚胎质量高于注射剂量为10．5mg的美国褐牛；青年母牛和成母牛间的处理结果中产胚数、可用胚数、A级胚数、B级胚数差异均极显著（P〈0．01）。青年母牛表现出良好的超排、产卵性能。     

冷冻精液与鲜精输精对牛超数排卵效果的比较

本文对供体牛超排发情输精时所采用的精液形式及输精时间进行了研究,结果表明超数排卵时应用鲜精输精可以有效提高受精率和可用胚率,二者在获胚数量上差异不显著,在获一级胚数量上差异显著。通过本试验的研究,以期在生产实践中对胚胎移植技术的应用和推广有所借鉴。     

不同处理方案对奶牛超排效果的影响

挑选 4 8头中国黑白花奶牛 ,分成 4组 ,在相同的饲养管理条件下对 4组牛进行超排处理 :即CIDR +2 4hE - 17β +FSH +PG和FSH +PG ,并在预定的时间内冲胚 (收集胚胎 )。结果表明 :育成牛的超排处理效果要优于经产牛 ,差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,常规处理组与阴道栓处理组相比 ,差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,只是阴道栓处理组的成本要高一些     

Comparison of Three Doses of Gonadotrophin-releasing Hormone Agonist （GnRH-a） in IVF-ET Treatment Cycles

The use of Gn RH agonist( Gn RH- a) concomitantly with gonadotropin forovula-tion induction has become routine in IVF treatment protocols.It was observed thatsuch a combination was associated with an enhanced follicular recruitment,betterfollicular synchrony and reduced occurance of endogenous LH surges which has anegative impacton the quality of oocytes and embryos and subsequently on the preg-nancy rate[1 ,2 ] .The suppression effectof nasal spray of Gn RH- a may notbe satisfac-tory,due…     

多囊卵巢综合征患者IVF治疗中超促排卵方案的对比研究

目的:探讨不同的超排卵方案对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者实施IVF-ET治疗过程的影响。方法:回顾分析行IVF治疗、长方案超促排卵的PCOS患者134个移植周期,比较分析不同超促排卵方案、促排卵药物的IVF-ET结局。结果:①递增方案组(n=7,6)总Gn使用量明显大于递减方案组(n=74)、Coasting方案组(n=16)和恒量方案组(n=18)(P<0.05)。②后期添加hMG组(n=61)总Gn使用量明显大于单用FSH组(n=73)(P<0.05),着床率也明显降低(P<0.05),但临床妊娠率无显著性差异(P=0.064);③普丽康组(n=43)与果纳芬+hMG组(n=22)及普丽康+hMG组(n=39)相比,总Gn使用量明显减少(P<0.05),而与果纳芬组(n=30)间无统计学差异;普丽康组与普丽康+hMG组相比,获卵数明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS患者的长方案超排卵方案中,递增方案增加了Gn使用总量而临床妊娠率有偏低的趋势;添加hMG不能提高着床率和临床妊娠率;单纯普丽康超排卵有减少总Gn使用量,增加获卵数的趋势。     

Superovulation and Intrauterine Insemination in Cases of Treated Mild Pelvic Disease

Purpose: Our purpose was to examine the effect of treated mild pelvic disease on the outcome of superovulation with intrauterine insemination (SO/IUI).Methods: Three hundred cycles of SO/IUI were retrospectively reviewed for 118 women with laparoscopically treated minimal/mild endometriosis and 67 cycles for 28 women with minimal/mild distal tubal disease/adnexal adhesions and compared with 265 cycles in 111 couples with idiopathic infertility.Results: The monthly fecundity rate (MFR) of 6.8% and live birth rate (LBR) of 6% in the endometriosis group were significantly lower (P = 0.002) than those in the idiopathic infertility group (MFR = 13.5%, LBR = 12.1%). The 10.9% MFR and 7.5% LBR in the minimal/mild tubal/adnexal disease were not significantly different from those in the other two groups.Conclusions: MFR and LBR were higher after SO/IUI in idiopathic infertility compared to those for treated mild/minimal endometriosis or mild/minimal tubal/adnexal adhesions. However, SO/IUI still remains a reasonable option for both these groups prior to IVF-ET.