重组人促红素、蔗糖铁联合左卡尼丁治疗肾性贫血的疗效观察

目的：探讨重组人促红素（EPO）、蔗糖铁联合左卡尼丁治疗肾性贫血的临床疗效和对患者氧化应激水平的影响。方法：选取2014年2月~2016年4月我院收治的肾性贫血患者60例,随机分为观察组30例与对照组30例,对照组患者接受EPO联合蔗糖铁治疗,观察组患者接受EPO、蔗糖铁联合左卡尼丁治疗。疗程结束后记录并比较两组患者的临床治疗效果、铁代谢指标水平和氧化应激水平。结果：观察组患者Hb、Hct、SI和SF水平均优于对照组患者（P＜0.05）,其AOPP水平低于对照组患者,而SOD与GSH-PX水平均高于对照组患者,治疗总有效率为96.67%,高于对照组的80.00%（P＜0.05）。结论：EPO、蔗糖铁联合左卡尼丁治疗肾性贫血,能够改善贫血症状和铁代谢指标,降低机体氧化应激水平,可作为血液透析并发肾性贫血患者的治疗手段推广应用。     

高效液相色谱-示差折光检测法测定补中益气丸中蜂蜜的含量

目的建立补中益气丸(蜜丸)蜂蜜中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖含量测定方法,以监控补中益气丸质量。方法 采用高效液相色谱-示差折光检测(HPLC-RD)法;色谱柱为Prevail Carbohydrate ES(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-水(75∶25);流速1.0mL·min-1;柱温:35℃。结果葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖对照品分别在17.868～179.14、16.144～161.44、3.016～30.16、6.565～98.475μg线性关系良好,4种成分加样回收率分别为97.1%、101.9%、102.6%、95.9%,RSD分别为0.8%、2.0%、0.8%、1.3%(n=6)。结论该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,重复性好,可用于补中益气丸中蜂蜜的含量测定。     

蔗糖铁注射液联合红细胞生成素治疗肾性贫血的临床观察

目的 观察蔗糖铁注射液联合红细胞生成素治疗伴有缺铁的维持性血液透析肾性贫血患者疗效及安全性.方法 选取尿毒症维持性血液透析患者46例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组(26例)和对照组(20例).治疗组采用静脉滴注蔗糖铁100 mg,每周2次,总量达1000 mg改为100 mg,每周1次;对照组采用口服乳酸亚铁0.2 g,每日3次.红细胞生成素的使用剂量和方法两组相同,总疗程均为10周.结果 经治疗后治疗组患者血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血清铁蛋白水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 蔗糖铁联合红细胞生成素治疗肾性贫血疗效优于口服铁剂联合红细胞生成素治疗.不良反应发生率更低,可作为肾性贫血患者长期补铁的方法之一.     

不同给药方法补铁对肾性贫血维持性治疗的疗效比较

目的:通过比较静脉用蔗糖铁和口服琥珀酸亚铁(速力菲)在肾性贫血患者维持性补铁治疗中的疗效及不良反应,探讨对功能性缺铁的后续补铁途径、安全性和方法。方法:28例维持性血液透析患者随机分为蔗糖铁组和速力菲组。蔗糖铁组14例,蔗糖铁100mg静脉推注每周一次;速力菲组14例,口服琥珀酸亚铁200mg每日3次。两组患者均联合应用促红细胞生成素(EPO),治疗过程中根据患者病情调整EPO用量。结果:治疗4周后,蔗糖铁组Hb、Hct明显高于速力菲组(P<0.05);治疗8周后,蔗糖铁组Hb、Hct、SF和TSAT均明显高于速力菲组(P<0.05);治疗12周后速力菲组SF和TSAT较前明显下降(P<0.05);而蔗糖铁组TSAT在维持性治疗12周后较前亦有所下降(P<0.05)。各组Ret与用药前均无明显差异(P>0.05)。速力菲组在治疗后期为了达到Hb和Hct目标值逐渐增加EPO用量,而蔗糖铁组在治疗过程中随着Hb和Hct的升高却减少了EPO用量。不良反应发生率蔗糖铁组低于速力菲组(P<0.05)。结论:在血透患者贫血的维持性治疗中,静脉注射蔗糖铁较口服速力菲能更有效并安全地维持血透病人的Hb水平及相对稳定体内的铁储...     

High incidence of iron depletion and restless leg syndrome (RLS) in regular blood donors: intravenous iron sucrose substitution more effective than oral iron

Background and objectives Iron depletion is common in regular blood donors. The objective of the study was to investigate the frequency and severity of iron depletion in regular blood donors and whether IV iron is more effective than oral to avoid iron depletion and symptoms thereof, especially restless legs syndrome (RLS). Method One hundred and twenty blood donors with at least five previous whole blood donations were randomized to receive either IV iron sucrose (Venofer^®, RenaPharma/Vifor, Uppsala, Sweden), 200 mg, or to 20 × 100 mg of oral iron sulphate (Duroferon^®, GlaxoSmithKline, Stockholm, Sweden), after each blood donation during 1 year. Iron status and RLS incidence and severity were investigated. Results Iron status was generally poor among regular blood donors, especially in women, with a high incidence of iron depletion (> 20%) and RLS (18%). The IV iron group increased storage iron to a greater extent than the oral iron group after 12 months (P = 0·0043). Female donors were more responsive to IV iron sucrose compared to oral iron sulphate, particularly female donors below 50 years of age. RLS severity scores were significantly lower in the IV iron group. The two treatments were safe. Conclusion Iron status is poor in regular blood donors, restless legs syndrome is common, and the routine iron supplementation is insufficient. IV iron sucrose substitutes iron loss in blood donors more efficiently compared with oral iron sulphate, especially in women. Iron substitution to blood donors should be individualized and based on P‐ferritin monitoring.     

安氏隐孢子虫卵囊分离纯化方法研究

目的 建立获取纯净的安氏隐孢子虫卵囊外培养模型。方法研究改进分离纯化安氏隐孢子虫卵囊的方法,采用蒸馏水稀释Sheather’s蔗糖溶液配制不同密度的蔗糖溶液,比较不同稀释比的Sheather’s蔗糖溶液漂浮卵囊的效果,并首次比较了蒸馏水和PBS稀释的Sheather’s蔗糖溶液分离纯化卵囊的活性,将两种方法分离纯化的卵囊37℃水浴1h进行脱囊率比较。结果2：1蔗糖溶液（2体积Sheather’s蔗糖溶液与1体积的蒸馏水）分离奶牛粪样中卵囊效果最好。漂浮三次即可获得大量卵囊,回收率为83．70％,三次漂浮的卵囊总数较Sheather’s蔗糖溶液高57．53％。蔗糖溶液多梯度密度纯化法纯化后的卵囊杂质较少,回收率为47．52％。蒸馏水稀释的蔗糖溶液分离纯化卵囊脱囊率为87．87％,PBS稀释的蔗糖溶液分离纯化卵囊的脱囊率为84．71％,差异无统计学意义P〉0.05）。结论2：1蔗糖溶液适用于分离安氏隐孢子虫卵囊,且用蒸馏水代替PBS稀释Sheather’s蔗糖溶分离纯化隐孢子虫卵囊其活性不受影响。可用于体外培养研究。     

蔗糖铁联合促红细胞生成素治疗老年糖尿病患者慢性心衰合并贫血

目的探讨蔗糖铁联合促红细胞生成素(EPO)治疗老年糖尿病患者慢性心功能不全(CHF)合并贫血的疗效和安全性。方法2006年1月-2008年8月,解放军第四一一医院肾内科共收治36例慢性心功能不全合并贫血老年糖尿病患者;其中男性21例,女性15例;年龄均>65岁,平均(74.2±5.8)岁;血红蛋白(Hb)均<120g/L。所有患者均静脉予以蔗糖铁(200mg/个月),皮下注射EPO(3000U/次,2次/周)治疗,共12个月。治疗前及治疗第6、12个月观测纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能评分、左室射血分数(LVEF)、直视模拟标度尺(VAS)评分、Hb变化及不良反应发生情况并进行对比分析。结果到治疗第12个月,Hb从治疗前的(99.1±14.2)g/L上升至(128.0±12.5)g/L;NYHA分级从(3.9±1.3)级降至(2.7±0.4)级;LVEF从(31.6%±14.1%)上升至(41.0%±12.9%);VAS从(8.4±1.6)降至(2.6±1.9),以上各指标前后对比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、血肌酐(Scr)无明显改变。无药物不良反应及并发...     

蔗糖铁对中度贫血的透析患者的治疗作用

目的（1）了解口服铁剂时肾脏替代治疗患者贫血情况;（2）静脉蔗糖铁治疗对中度贫血患者的治疗效果及副作用观察。方法我院透析中心规律透析的尿毒症患者134例,血液透析患者104例,腹膜透析30例。患者均常规叶酸及正规促红细胞生成素使用．统计口服铁剂时患者贫血情况。将中度贫血的部分患者行蔗糖铁静脉注射治疗,观察治疗前后患者血清铁、铁蛋白、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、肝功能等指标并观察蔗糖铁的临床副作用。结果134例肾脏替代治疗患者中经口服铁剂HB达110g以上者占18％,轻度贫血占17％．中度贫血占44％。重度贫血占21％。中度贫血患者经静脉注射蔗糖铁治疗后血清铁、铁蛋白、血红蛋白（HB）、红细胞压积（HCT）较口服时均有明显升高。总有效率达88％。患者使用蔗糖铁过程中血压脉搏呼吸体温等生命体征无明显变化．肝功能无明显改变,无一例出现过敏反应等严重副作用。结论（1）肾脏替代治疗患者口服铁剂以中重度贫血为主．患者血红蛋白达标率低：（2）静脉用蔗糖铁治疗中度肾性贫血安全有效。     

Effectiveness of massage, sucrose solution, herbal tea or hydrolysed formula in the treatment of infantile colic

Aim and objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of massage, sucrose solution, herbal tea or hydrolysed formula, each used individually in the treatment of infantile colic. Background. The term colic describes a group of symptoms that occur frequently in infants, consisting of paroxysmal abdominal pain and severe crying. Infant colic is of importance for both parents and the community health services that provide families with care, and is therefore an important clinical problem that is amenable to nursing interventions. Design. This prospective and randomised‐controlled study involved 175 infants in Turkey. Methods. Data were gathered by using Wessel criteria; parents wrote a daily structured diary, recording the onset and duration of crying. Patients were assigned randomly into four different intervention groups (massage, sucrose solution, herbal tea and hydrolysed formula) and control group. Duration of crying following each intervention was recorded in the diary by parents for a one week period. Results. There was a significant reduction in crying hours per day in all intervention groups. The difference between mean duration of total crying (hours/day) before and after the intervention infants in hydrolysed formula group was found higher than massage, sucrose and herbal tea group. The difference between mean duration of total crying(hours/day) before and after the intervention infants in massage group was found lower than other intervention groups and all groups. Conclusion. Our findings demonstrated that varied interventions such as administration of massage, sucrose solution, herbal tea and hydrolysed formula are effective in the treatment of colic. The difference between mean duration of total crying (hours/day) before and after the intervention in hydrolysed formula group was found higher than other intervention groups. Hydrolysed formula was the most effective in reducing the duration of crying (hours/day) when compared with the other intervention groups. Massage intervention yielded the least symptomatic improvement among all the interventions. Relevance to clinical practice. Colic treatment models used in this study can be used by nurses in neonatal and primary healthcare settings as an aid to families for the treatment of infantile colic.     

A Review of CAM for Procedural Pain in Infancy: Part I. Sucrose and Non-nutritive Sucking

There is increasing concern regarding the number of painful medical procedures that infants must undergo and the potential risks of alleviating infant pain with conventional pharmacologic agents. This article is Part I of a two-part series that aims to provide an overview of the literature on complementary and alternative (CAM) approaches for pain and distress related to medical procedures among infants up to six weeks of age. The focus of this article is a review of the empirical literature on sucrose with or without non-nutritive sucking (NNS) for procedural pain in infancy. Computerized databases were searched for relevant studies including prior reviews and primary trials. The most robust evidence was found for the analgesic effects of sucrose with or without NNS on minor procedural pain in healthy full-term infants. Despite some methodological weaknesses, the literature to date supports the use of sucrose, NNS and other sweetened solutions for the management of procedural pain in infancy.