鬼针草的细胞学研究

报道了鬼针草的核型公式:K(2n)=3X=36=27m+3sm+6sm(SAT),染色体相对长度组成:2n=36=6L+9M₂+18M₁+3S,核型为“2A”型,同时计算了鬼针草的染色体体积。     

百色地区壮族学生体质发育指数分析

从 1998年测得的 7～ 18岁壮族男女学生 5 2 49名 6项指标 (身高、坐高、体重、胸围、肩宽和骨盆宽 )的资料 ,计算出12项指数 ,并与汉族和蒙古族进行比较。结果显示 :12项指数中 ,年龄变化规律与汉族和蒙古族基本相似 ,但身体各部分的发育程度不同 ,并存在城乡差别。提示壮族学生体型为横径较宽的粗壮体型 ,城市男女生多数年龄组为长躯干型 ,乡村男女生多数年龄组为中躯干型 ;城乡男女生肩型大多为中肩型 ;全部年龄组的胸型均为窄胸型 ;城男 7～ 18岁、14岁以前乡男女及城女均为窄骨盆型 ,15岁以后的乡男女及城女为中骨盆型。     

中国中老年人失能状况公平性与影响因素

目的 分析中国50岁及以上中老年人失能状况和失能状况公平性,并探究中老年人失能状况不公平的主要影响因素。方法 利用全球老龄化与成人健康研究(Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health,SAGE)中国2007—2010年第一轮调查数据,计算集中指数和集中曲线,并对集中指数进行分解。结果 中国中老年人失能评估量表平均分为7.32,中老年男性平均分为6.37,女性平均分为8.21。中老年人失能状况集中指数为-0.190 9,中老年男性为-0.184 4,中老年女性为-0.196 1。对集中指数进行分解后,社会经济地位对中老年人失能状况不公平的贡献较高,包括经济水平、受教育程度和工作类型,贡献率分别为66.41%、16.45%和13.10%。与社会结构因素相比,中老年人吸烟、饮酒和身体活动情况等个人生活方式因素的贡献率较低。结论 中国存在中老年人失能状况不公平,较好的健康状况集中在经济水平较好的中老年人群中。中老年男性失能状况较女性更轻,且失能状况不公平程度更小。经济水平、受教育程度和工作类型是对中国中老年人失能状况不公平贡献率较高的主要因素,提示仅通过促进中老年人健康生活方式不能够有效减少失能状况在经济水平较好和较差的中老年人群中的差异。政府需要在重视促进中老年人健康的基础上,进一步加强和完善适宜的社会和医疗保障措施,将减少中老年人健康不公平作为政策重点,尤其应该向发展相对滞后、中老年人相对聚集的地区重点分配医疗卫生和其他相关社会资源,同时应该加大对中老年人健康和健康公平相关研究的支持,为积极应对人口老龄化和制定政策收集证据。     

彩色多普勒能量图对不孕症妇女子宫动脉血流变化的观察

利用彩色多普勒能量图测定子宫的血流 ,即血流的脉冲指数 (pulsative index,PI)及阻力指数 (resistantindex,RI)来探索不同原因的女性不孕症。 6 7例不孕症妇女经腹腔镜诊断确诊不孕原因后 ,于月经周期第 2 0～ 2 3d作腹部 B超彩色多普勒能量图 (CDE)检查。其结果两侧子宫动脉 PI、RI可因各种不孕原因不分侧别平均 PI、RI均高于正常组 (P<0 .0 1) ,而且不受病情轻、中、重所影响。反映了子宫周围血管阻力较高所致子宫动脉血流灌注不足是引起不孕症的基础 ,可能也干扰孕卵着床而致不孕。     

胎儿脐动脉血流速度指数的临床应用研究

目的：探讨胎儿脐血流S／D值检测的临床意义。方法：采用SRF608型胎儿脐血流检测仪对600例孕妇进行脐血流检查,判定标准为S／D值大于或等于该孕周正常范围的90th%为异常,即S／D≥3．0。结果：妊高征,宫内发育迟缓（IUGR）、脐绕颈、宫内窘迫等病理妊娠中S／D值≥90th%者与正常组比较发生率明显上升,差异非常显著（P＜0．01）。且上述病理妊娠组中S／D比值≥90th%者分娩新生儿发生窒息率明显高于＜90th%者,差异非常显著（P＜0．01）。结论：脐动脉血流波型检测在指导临床处理及评估胎儿预后方面有着重要的作用。     

人参二醇皂甙对小鼠急性脑缺血损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨人参二醇皂甙（PDS）对小鼠急性脑缺血损伤的影响。方法：部分结扎带迷走神经的颈总动脉制备急性脑缺血模型,记录6h内的卒中指数,12h内的死亡率。于缺血90min时断头取脑,测定脑组织中乳酸（LA）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙二醛（MDA）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量。结果：PDS缺血前30min ip能降低卒中指数,减少死亡率,PDS尚能降低缺血脑组织中LA和MDA含量,提高LDH和SOD活性。结论：PDS对小鼠急性脑缺血损伤具有保护作用,其作用机制与减轻组织酸中毒,抑制脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

高血压病人胰岛素抵抗状态分析

目的了解高血压患者同时存在多种代谢异常时胰岛素敏感性。方法测定４１例高血压患者和４０例健康者胰岛素敏感性指数。再将高血压组分为单纯高血压、合并高血糖、合并高脂血症、合并高血糖高血脂、合并肥胖组。结果合并高血糖高血脂组胰岛素敏感性降低的发生率明显增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）。直线相关分析结果显示,无论是高血压组还是正常组的体重指数与胰岛素敏感性指数呈明显负相关（高血压组ｒ＝－０．３７,Ｐ〈０．０５;正常组ｒ     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者T淋巴细胞亚群的变化

目的：探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸道暂停综合征（ＯＳＡＳ）患者的血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群（Ｔ－ＬＳ）的变化。方法：将经多导睡眠图检查确诊的ＯＳＡＳ患者按睡眠呼吸紊乱指数（ＡＨＩ）≤３０次／ｈ分为Ａ组（４４例）,ＡＨＩ〉３０次／ｈ分为Ｂ组（４７例）。正常对照组为Ｃ组（１０例）。测定３组患者血Ｔ－ＬＳ。结果：Ａ,Ｂ两组的ＣＤ＾＋２,ＣＤ＾＋４,ＣＤ＾＋８ ,ＣＤ＾＋４／ＣＤ＾＋８比较差异无显著性（Ｐ〉０．０５）。Ａ组,     

Early warning signals for Omicron outbreaks in China: A retrospective study

The Omicron variant has become the dominant COVID-19 variant worldwide due to its rapid and cryptic spread. Therefore, successful early warning is of great importance to be able to control epidemics in their early phase, before developing into large outbreaks. COVID-19-related Baidu search index, which reflects human behavior to a certain degree, was used to retrospectively detect the warning signs for Omicron variant outbreaks in China in 2022. The characteristics and effects of warning signs were analyzed in detail. We detected the presence of early warning signs (both high and low thresholds) and found that these occurred 4–7 days earlier than traditional epidemiological surveillance and >20 days earlier than the implementation of the local “lockdown” policy. Compared with the “high threshold” warning, the early warning effect of the “low threshold” is also vital because it indicates a negligence about epidemic prevention and control. However, there is obvious heterogeneity in the optimal threshold for detecting early warning signs and their distribution in different cities. Multi-source and multi-point early warning systems should be established via combining internet-based big data in the future to conduct effective and early real-time warning. This would create precious time for the early control of COVID-19 outbreaks.     

Total sleep deprivation decreases saliva ghrelin levels in adolescents

Ghrelin, a regulator of food intake and energy expenditure, has been shown to be associated with insufficient sleep. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of a single night of total sleep deprivation on fasting saliva ghrelin and on nocturnal variation of saliva ghrelin concentration. A further aim of the study was to investigate the influence of body mass index on changes in saliva ghrelin levels. Altogether 35 adolescents (18 boys; age: 13.8 ± 1.14 years) were studied on two subsequent days (sleep and total sleep deprivation). Saliva samples were collected during the two experimental nights at 21:00 hours, 01:00 hours and 06:00 hours. Total-ghrelin concentration showed a continuous increase from the evening until 06:00 hours. This increase was blunted significantly (p = 0.003) by total sleep deprivation. Total-ghrelin level was significantly lower (p = 0.02) during total sleep deprivation at 06:00 hours (median 403.6 pg ml⁻¹; 95% confidence interval: 343.1–468.9 pg ml⁻¹) as compared with values during the sleep condition (median 471.2 pg ml⁻¹; 95% confidence interval: 205.4–1578.7 pg ml⁻¹). Acyl-ghrelin levels did not present any change at the three time points, and were not affected by total sleep deprivation. Stratifying the study population according to body mass index (normal weight and overweight/obese groups), the blunting effect of total sleep deprivation was more pronounced in the obese/overweight group (sleep: median 428.2 pg ml⁻¹; 95% confidence interval: 331.3–606.9 pg ml⁻¹ versus total sleep deprivation: median 333.1 pg ml⁻¹; 95% confidence interval: 261.5–412.9 pg ml⁻¹; p = 0.0479). Saliva total-ghrelin concentrations gradually increased during the night, and total sleep deprivation significantly blunted this increase. This blunting effect was mainly observed in subjects with overweight/obesity. The physiological and clinical implications of the present observation are to be clarified by further studies.