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51.
Aaron Hogue Sarah DauberChristopher Dasaro Jon Morgenstern 《Journal of substance abuse treatment》2010
This study examined predictors of employment among substance-using men and women enrolled in welfare-to-work programs. Participants were 394 welfare applicants assigned to either coordinated care management or usual care for treatment services and job training and followed up for 1 year to track employment outcomes. Common barriers to work were assessed at baseline in four key domains: disabilities, situational barriers, labor capital, and motivation. Results indicated substantial gender differences in the number and profile of work barriers. Among men, work experience and job motivation were the only significant predictors of employment; among women, multiple factors from each barrier domain predicted job acquisition even when controlling for all other significant predictors. Findings suggest that welfare-to-work programs should emphasize job training and job seeking during the early stages of welfare interventions for men and for many women. 相似文献
52.
Resource implications of hospitalization for osteoporosis-related vertebral fracture are sparsely documented. This study
utilized data abstracted from a national sample of hospitalized patients to identify characteristics of patients who are hospitalized
with vertebral fracture and their patterns of resource utilization. These were compared with patterns observed for hip fracture
hospitalizations. Data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for 1997 were used to identify men and women age 45 years
and above who had a primary diagnosis of vertebral fracture. After patients whose fractures might have been due to metastatic
cancer or severe trauma were excluded, 68 901 individuals hospitalized for vertebral fracture were identified. Seventy-seven
percent of these were women, most were white, 75 years and older, and had multiple comorbid diagnoses. Total charges averaged
US$8000–10 000 per hospitalization and were higher in men. Mean length of stay was just under 6 days and more than 50% of
discharged patients required some form of continuing care. Hospitalizations for vertebral fracture occurred at only one-fourth
the rate of those for hip fracture, and created only half the hospital charges per admission. Vertebral fracture accounted
for over 400 000 total hospital days and generated charges in excess of US$500 million. This resource impact is considerably
higher than has been described in prior studies.
Received: 25 June 2002 / Accepted: 13 August 2002
Acknowledgement This research was supported by Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals and Aventis. 相似文献
53.
Biological properties of interleukin-12 and its therapeutic use in persistent hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary. Interleukin (IL)-12 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells in response to diverse stimuli. IL-12 is a key molecule in the regulation of host's immune responses. In particular, IL-12 influences the balance between the T-helper cells type 1 (TH1 ) and type 2 (TH2 ); it modulates macrophage responses through the control of interferon-gamma synthesis by TH1 cells; and, suppresses IgE class antibody production (has a suppressive effect on allergic reactions) and promotes a shift in the IgG subclasses. IL-12 enhances resistance to several infectious diseases, is a powerful antitumor agent in vivo , and acts as a vaccine adjuvant. The biological properties of IL-12 point to the potential therapeutic use in persistent hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. 相似文献
54.
本文采用超凝胶柱层析法分离纯化日本血吸虫成虫31/32KD抗原。分离的抗原经银染色及免疫印迹法分析证明已达免疫纯及生化纯级。该抗原PAS染色呈阴性,经过碘酸钠处理后不失去活性,在琼脂糖凝胶电泳中趋向阳极。鉴于血吸虫成虫31/32KD组分是一种主要血清学抗原,它的分离纯化为改进和标化血吸虫病的诊断提供了条件。 相似文献
55.
应用0.5%环孢霉素A(cyclosporin A,CsA)滴眼治疗穿透性角膜移植术后发生免疫排斥患者16例(16只眼),治愈9只眼,好转6只眼,无效1只眼。随访5~24个月,其中2只眼因停药复发,1只眼于拆线后复发,继续用药或增加给药次数后治愈。研究表明0.5%CsA滴眼剂治疗术前移植床条件较好,角膜移植术后发生免疫排斥的病例可得到良好疗效;而对术前移植床条件较差,角膜移植术后发生免疫排斥的病例有一定的疗效。作者对眼局部应用CsA治疗角膜移植排斥的疗效和作用机理进行了讨论。 相似文献
56.
检测256例肝病患者HA,结果表明各肝病组均增高,幅度从慢迁肝到慢活肝至肝硬化呈递增,其数值的高低可反映肝脏病变的程度。根据HA与中医血瘀证关系的分析,HA的增高与血瘀证存在明显的正相关关系。 相似文献
57.
A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗麻痹性斜视 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用眼外肌注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素的方法,治疗17例(18只眼)麻痹性内斜视患者。最大的肌肉麻痹作用发生于注射后7~14天,最大斜视矫正度为50-,随访时间为4~20周,5例最终获得双眼视。未见全身副作用。认为,这种疗法可在部分患卉中替代斜视矫正术。 相似文献
58.
已婚育龄妇女避孕措施变化趋势分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
目的:了解已婚育龄妇女避孕措施的变化趋势,为指导计划生育服务工作提供科学依据。方法:收集1983~2005年苏州市已婚育龄妇女避孕方法的资料,并用统计软件对其变化趋势进行了分析。结果:已婚育龄妇女节育率在88.38%~92.94%范围波动,长效避孕措施现用率从75.19%下降至71.27%,而短效避孕措施从12.86%上升至17.11%。宫内节育器的现用率从50.09%上升到66.50%;避孕套从1.94%上升到14.21%;其他避孕方法的现用率均呈下降趋势,其中女性绝育现用率从24.42%下降到4.50%。结论:节育率维持在较高水平;长效避孕措施现用率下降而短效避孕措施现用率上升;避孕方法使用趋于多样化,需要提供满足个性化需求的指导和服务。 相似文献
59.
This paper discusses the use of the Milgram obedience experiments and the Tuskegee syphilis study in the bioethical literature. The two studies are presented and a variety of uses of them identified and discussed. It is argued that the use of these studies as paradigms of problematic research relies on a reduction of their complexity. What is discussed is thus often constructions of these studies that are closer to hypothetical examples than to the real studies. 相似文献
60.
FRESH FROZEN PLASMA: IS IT FAREWELL? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
JOHN CASH 《Vox sanguinis》1994,67(S3):121-124