差示分光光度法测定盐酸异丙嗪糖浆中盐酸异丙嗪含量

目的建立测定盐酸异丙嗪糖浆中盐酸异丙嗪含量的差示分光光度法。方法采用差示分光光度法,检测波长为336.5 nm。结果盐酸异丙嗪检测质量浓度在10.00～50.02μg/mL范围内与差示吸光度值线性关系良好(r=0.999 9);平均回收率为99.82%,RSD=0.23%(n=6)。结论所用方法操作简便、准确可靠、重复性好、专属性强,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

DNA修饰电极上盐酸异丙嗪电化学行为及其电化学动力学性质

目的:研究盐酸异丙嗪(promethazine hydrochloride)在DNA修饰碳糊电极(DNA/CPE)上的电化学行为及电化学动力学性质。方法:用循环伏安法(CV)、线性扫描伏安法(LSV)、计时库仑法(CC)和计时电流法(CA)等多种电化学方法进行研究。结果:在pH=6.8的C-L缓冲溶液中,1.0×10-4mol.L-1的盐酸异丙嗪在DNA/CPE上氧化峰电位为0.633 V,比在碳糊电极(carbon paste electrode,CPE)上的峰电位正移了30 mV,峰电流显著降低。测得盐酸异丙嗪在DNA/CPE上电极反应动力学参数:电荷转移系数α=0.80,扩散系数D=8.936×10-6cm2.s-1,电极反应速率常数kf=3.828×10-2cm2.s-1,而在CPE上α=0.86,扩散系数D=1.099×10-5cm2.s-1。结论:盐酸异丙嗪与DNA二者以嵌插作用结合,形成了一种非电活性物质。     

Applications in drug analysis of carbon paste electrodes modified by fatty acids

The oxidation of promethazine as a model compound has been studied by adsorptive stripping voltammetry at carbon paste electrodes (CPE). A modification of the carbon paste matrix with fatty acids allows greater preconcentration of the molecule at the electrode surface. Several fatty acids of different chain length have been tested. The modification of the CPE with lauric acid has been successfully applied in the quantiative analysis of promethazine in standard serum samples. The influence of several parameters affecting the accumulation step has been investigated such as: pH, ionic strength, interfering ions, paste composition. The detection limit in phosphate buffer at pH 9.0 (t_acc = 5 min) has been found to be 1 × 10⁻¹⁰ M.     

Study of the prophylactic effect of droperidol, alizapride, propofol and promethazine on spinal morphine-induced pruritus

Background. We have compared the use of alizapride, propofol,droperidol and promethazine for the prevention of spinal morphine-inducedpruritus. Methods. Three hundred ASA I or II women undergoing Caesareansection under spinal anaesthesia, in which morphine 0.2 mg wasadded to a local anaesthetic, were assigned randomly to receivei.v., in the operating room, just after delivery of the baby,alizapride 100 mg, propofol 20 mg, droperidol 1.25 mg, promethazine50 mg or saline 2 ml (control group). In the postoperative period,the women were assessed for pruritus (absent, mild, moderateor severe) or other untoward symptoms by blinded observers.We used 95% confidence limits (95% CI) for the cumulative incidenceof moderate and severe pruritus to compare the groups, and theNNT and 95% CI to compare droperidol, propofol and alizaprideas for their effectiveness in preventing pruritus. For otheruntoward effects, the     

异丙嗪对大鼠急性前脑缺血再灌注线粒体通透性转换的影响

目的:观察不同浓度异丙嗪对大鼠急性前脑缺血再灌注线粒体通透性转换(MPT)的影响,并从分子水平探讨其神经保护作用的机制。方法:用夹闭双侧颈总动脉再开放法制作全脑缺血模型。大鼠随机分为缺血再灌注 异丙嗪组(治疗组),假手术 异丙嗪组(假手术组),缺血再灌注 NS(模型组);术前1 h静注不同浓度异丙嗪(5,15,45 mg/kg),术后6 h 3组均分离前脑线粒体,用分光光度法检测MPT值。结果:模型组分别与治疗组(异丙嗪浓度为5 mg/kg时)和假手术组(异丙嗪浓度为5,15 mg/kg时)比较,模型组MPT值减小更为明显(P<0.01);组内比较,异丙嗪浓度为5,15 mg/kg时比浓度为45 mg/kg时抑制MPT值减小的作用更为显著(P<0.05)。结论:异丙嗪能抑制缺血再灌注所致的MPT值的改变,因而可以通过阻止神经细胞线粒体的损伤发挥脑保护作用。     

异丙嗪对大鼠局灶性脑缺血损伤的保护作用

目的:观察异丙嗪对大鼠脑缺血损伤病理变化及神经功能的影响。方法:用改良的Longa氏法制备大鼠可再灌注大脑中动脉闭塞模型。大鼠随机分为缺血2 h后再灌注1、6 h,1、3、7 d对照组,并与之时间点相对应的异丙嗪组,对比观察各组脑缺血再灌注(IR)后的脑梗死灶体积并对神经功能缺损进行评分。结果:异丙嗪能显著改善IR 1 d后大鼠神经功能缺损症状及脑梗死灶(P<0.05)。结论:异丙嗪可阻抑大鼠局灶性脑缺血神经元的损伤并可发挥脑保护作用。     

Tardive dyskinesia: probing abnormal metabolism with promethazine

Ten in-patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) (mean AIMS score 16.7) and 8 controls were recruited to the study, and 3 h after oral administration of promethazine a blood sample was taken for assay of levels of promethazine and its immediate metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The TD group had a variety of indicators of impaired or slow metabolism compared to the controls. There was a significant difference in the ratio of promethazine to promethazine sulphoxide (P < 0.05) between patients with TD and the control group. The TD group but not the controls showed increasing metabolic impairment with age. This small study confirms the previous reports of impaired neuroleptic metabolism in TD, particularly in the elderly.     

系数倍率法测定可非糖浆中两组分的含量

目的 :建立可非糖浆的含量测定方法。方法 :采用系数倍率分光光度法 ,消除共存组分的干扰。结果 :被测两组分的吸收度差值与浓度均成良好线性 ,5个模拟样品的平均回收率和RSD分别为磷酸可待因 10 0 .4% ,3.0 % ;盐酸异丙嗪 10 0 .0 % ,0 .6 %。结论 :该方法简便准确 ,可用于可非糖浆的质量控制     

杜冷丁和异丙嗪联合米索前列醇在人工流产中的镇痛效果

目的探讨杜冷丁和异丙嗪联合米索前列醇在人工流产术中应用的镇痛效果及术中人工流产综合征的发生率、手术时间及阴道流血情况。方法对2004年12月至2006年12月在本院行人工流产术的691例患者随机分为两组,试验组570例,术前阴道放置米索前列醇,术中静脉推注杜冷丁和并丙嗪后行手术。对照组121例,不用任何药物直接进行手术。结果试验组镇痛效果优于对照组,降低了人工流产综合征,不延长手术时间,不增加阴道流血。结论杜冷丁和异丙嗪联合米索前列醇在人工流产术中镇痛效果好,应用方便,值得临床推广使用。     

Inhibition of Histamine-induced Contraction of Rat Ileum by Promethazine and the Methanol Stembark Extract of Erythrina sigmoidea (Hua)

Histamine, a potent H₁ and H₂ receptor agonist provoked dose dependent contractions of the rat ileal strip. The contractile effect was reduced by almost 54.6% when challenged with 1.8 μg/mL of the stembark extract of Erythrina sigmoidea (ES) while 4.8 μg/mL of the plant extract completely abolished 10⁻⁴ Msc histamine-induced contraction. A similar relaxant effect was obtained with 0.5 μg/mL promethazine, a potent H₁ blocker, but this relaxant effect was less significant compared with that of the plant extract.