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51.
Kulkarni J Riedel A de Castella AR Fitzgerald PB Rolfe TJ Taffe J Burger H 《Archives of women's mental health》2002,5(3):99-104
Summary
A double-blind, 28-day, placebo-controlled study was conducted with three groups of women of child-bearing age (N = 12 in
each group) who received standardised antipsychotic medication plus a) 50 μg transdermal estradiol or b) 100 μg transdermal
estradiol or c) transdermal placebo. Preliminary analyses show that women receiving 100 μg of estradiol made greater improvements
in the symptoms of schizophrenia than either the 50 μg estradiol or placebo groups. The addition of 100 μg adjunctive transdermal
oestrogen significantly enhanced treatment responsivity of acute, severe psychotic symptoms in women with schizophrenia. The
positive impact of oestrogen treatment on psychotic symptoms via a multiplicity of possible actions (see accompanying articles
in this issue) may prove clinically useful in the overall treatment of women with schizophrenia.
Accepted June 2002, Published online September 16, 2002
Correspondence: Prof. Jayashri Kulkarni, Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Prahran. Vic.
3181, Australia; e-mail: jayashri.kulkarni@med.monash.edu.au 相似文献
52.
Comparative study of pituitary and bacteria-derived human growth hormone by monoclonal antibodies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We have established hybridoma lines which secrete mouse monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to human pituitary growth hormone, hGH. Using indirect competitive ELISA and indirect passive hemagglutination inhibition twelve different Mabs were characterized with regard to cross-reactivity with the hGH-related hormones, human chorionic somatomammotropin, hCS, and human prolactin, hPRL. The reactivity of these Mabs with pituitary hGH was compared to that with either bacterially-produced methionyl-hGH or to that of reduced and S-carboxymethylated hGH, which has an altered conformation. None of the Mabs reacted with hPRL. Four did not react with hCS whereas the others showed varying degree of cross-reactivity with hCS. All Mabs reacted more weakly with reduced and S-carboxymethylated hGH than with the native form of the hormone, which was not seen with conventional rabbit antisera to hGH. Thus in the case of hGH the Mabs are superior to conventional antisera in revealing small conformational differences. However the pituitary and bacterially-derived methionyl-hGH were indistinguishable as determined by the 12 Mabs. 相似文献
53.
Zorn Jean-Rene; Barata Madalena; Brami Charles; Epelboin Sylvie; Nathan Catherine; Papageorgiou Georges; Quantin Patrice; Rolet Francois; Savale Michele; Boyer Pierre; Guichard Arlette; Cedard Lise; Comaru-Schally Anna-Maria; Schally Andrew V. 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1988,3(2):235-239
In women undergoing in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(TVF-ET), a total of 408IVF cycles were stimulated using humanmenopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) or pure follicle stimulatinghormone (FSH) plus HMG in combination with a single injectionof D-Trp6-LHRH microcapsules in order to enhance the ovarianresponse to gonadotrophins and to avoid spontaneous LH surges.Sixty-seven pregnancies were achieved. Two protocols were employed.In protocol 1 (blocking protocol, n = 268), thepituitary was first inhibited with a full dose (3.75 mg) ofD-Trp6-LHRH in microcapsules and ovarian stimulation was startedafter the hypogonadotrophic hypogonadal state was ascertained(Ej >50 pg/ml). In protocol 2 (flareup protocol,n = 140), the treatment with DTrp6LHRH microcapsules(half-dose = 1.80 mg) and the ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophinswere started at the same time. Higher doses of gonadotrophinswere needed (39.5 11.2 ampoules FSH and/or HMG) in protocol1, in which the pituitary was blocked prior to and during thestimulation, than in protocol 2 (209 ampoules) where the exogenousgonadotrophin stimulation appeared to be augmented by the initialagonistic effect of the injection of D-Trp6LHRH microcapsules.In patients with purely tubal infertility, under 38 years oldand no male factor, the results obtained with protocols 1 and2 were similar in terms of pregnancy rate per cycle or per embryotransfer: 22.6 versus 20.5% and 28.3 versus 27.4%, respectively.However, considering the cost benefit, flare-upprotocols appeared to be a better choice and could be recommended. 相似文献
54.
Terry L. Riss Masami Ogasawara Kenneth P. Karey David Danielpour Betty H. Stewart David A. Sirbasku 《Methods in Cell Science》1986,10(2):133-150
Summary Serum-free defined media have been developed for assay of the mitogenic effects of growth factors on human MCF-7, human T-47D, and mouse COMMA-D mammary cells as well as for identification of mitogens and inhibitors of GH4C1 rat pituitary tumor cell growth. These lines were shown to grow in vivo in response to a variety of hormones including estrogens and thyroid hormones. With mammary cells, complete hormonally and nutritionally defined media were established that supported continuous passage at 50 to 90% of the serum stimulated rate. The strategy used to measure mitogens for mammary cells was to identify nutritional conditions where the growth rate was reduced greatly without impairing the response to picomolar to nanomolar concentration of growth factors. The effects of polypeptide growth factors and tissue extracts were estimated by their addition to basal medium and measuring cell number increases or labeled thymidine incorporation into DNA. In a variation of this methodology, the MTW9/PL2 rat mammary cells were used to identify secreted autocrine growth factors; nutritionally defined conditions were sought for growth of these rat cells in the complete absence of exogenous growth factors. The factors secreted into the medium were detected by bioassays with COMMA-D or MCF-7 mammary cell lines. The effects of growth factors-inhibitors on pituitary cells were measured by a related method; the GH4C1 cells were grown at less than optimal rates in a defined medium designated TRM-1. Addition of mitogens to TRM-1 stimulated pituitary cell growth whereas addition of inhibitors caused reduced levels of growth. The methods described in this report offer new means of assaying growth factors-inhibitors for a range of mammary and pituitary tumor cells. 相似文献
55.
56.
垂体腺瘤中MMP-9及TIMP-1表达与肿瘤生物学行为的关系 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
目的 探讨MMP 9及其抑制因子TIMP 1在垂体腺瘤中表达与肿瘤生物学行为的关系。方法 应用免疫组化S P法检测上述基因蛋白在 2 3例侵袭性和 2 4例非侵袭性垂体腺瘤组织中的表达。结果 侵袭性垂体腺瘤组中MMP 9的表达和MMP 9表达超过TIMP 1的比例高于非侵袭性腺瘤组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;TIMP 1在侵袭性垂体腺瘤组的表达有降低的趋势 ,但无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;MMP 9与TIMP 1表达呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 MMP 9表达上调导致其和TIMP 1的表达失衡与垂体腺瘤侵袭性有关 ,MMP 9可作为评估垂体腺瘤侵袭性的分子生物学指标 相似文献
57.
Miscarriage rates following in-vitro fertilization are increased in women with polycystic ovaries and reduced by pituitary desensitization with buserelin 总被引:3,自引:10,他引:3
Balen Adam H.; Tan Seang-Lin; MacDougall Jane; Jacobs Howard S. 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1993,8(6):959-964
To assess the risk of miscarriage after in-vitro fertilization(IVF) with respect to age, cause of infertility, ovarian morphologyand treatment regimen, a retrospective analysis was performedof the first 1060 pregnancies conceived between June 1984 andJuly 1990 as a result of 7623 IVF cycles. Superovulation inductionwas achieved with human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) and/orpurified follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) together with eitherclomiphene citrate or the gonadotrophin hormone-releasing hormone(GnRH) agonist buserelin, the latter either as a short flareregimen or as a long regimen to induce pituitarydesensitization. There were 282 spontaneous abortions (26.6%)and 54 ectopic pregnancies (5.1%). The mean age of women withongoing pregnancies was 32.2 (SD 3.9) years compared with 33.2(SD 4.1) years in those who miscarried, which were significantlydifferent (P = 0.008). There was no relation between the miscarriagerate and the indication for IVF. The miscarriage rate was 23.6%in women with normal ovaries compared with 35.8% in those withpolycystic ovaries [P = 0.0038, 95% confidence interval (CI)4.6823.10%]. There was no difference in the miscarriagerate between treatment with HMG or FSH. Women whose ovarieswere normal on ultrasound were just as likely to miscarry ifthey were treated with clomiphene or with the long buserelinprotocol. Those with polycystic ovaries, however, had a significantreduction in the rate of miscarriage when treated with the longbuserelin protocol, 20.3% (15/74), compared with clomiphenecitrate, 47.2% (51/108) (P = 0.0003, 95% CI 13.8240.09%). 相似文献
58.
Interactions between normal and tumoral tissues at the boundary of human anterior pituitary adenomas
M. R. Farnoud F. Peillon J. Y. Li M. Kujas J. Racadot P. Derome 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1994,424(1):75-82
We studied the boundary between adenoma and peritumoral anterior pituitary tissues in order to understand their mutual interactions during tumour progression. We selected 18 adenomas of different secretory type, grade and invasiveness in which fragments of peritumoral anterior pituitary were still attached to the adenoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed on serial sections with markers of the basement membranes (type IV collagen), the hormone-producing cells of the normal and neoplastic anterior pituitary, and the folliculo-stellate cells (S-100 protein). In passing from tumour to gland, localized areas of passive compression of the normal gland were seen in only 3 cases. In all the tumours, the boundary consisted partly or solely of a transitional zone characterized by the presence of enlarged cell-cords. Openings in the basement membrane of these enlarged cell-cords were seen in contact with the tumour tissue. Normal and neoplastic cells intermingled in the transitional zone. Normal residual cells could be seen in the central area of the tumour but no adenomatous cells were observed in the gland around the tumour. Folliculo-stellate cells were concentrated in the vicinity of the transition zone. These findings favour the existence of an active process of adenoma expansion within the normal parenchyma, without noticeable infiltration of tumour cells into surrounding gland. 相似文献
59.
Plurihormonal pituitary adenomas: immunostaining of all pituitary hormones is mandatory for correct classification 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
AIMS: We studied the clinicopathological characteristics of plurihormonal pituitary adenomas. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study material included 167 plurihormonal adenomas, which consisted of 31% of the surgically removed pituitary adenomas that we collected during a 12-year period. The mean age of patients with plurihormonal adenoma was 45.7 years (range 13-75 years). There were 86 men and 81 women. All tumours were fully classified by immunohistochemical staining for seven pituitary hormones or subunits. Thirty immunohistochemical subtypes of plurihormonal adenomas were recognized. Hormonal symptoms were present in 70% of patients, while serum hormonal levels were increased in 89% of patients. Most patients had symptoms related to only one of the hormones and only 7% of patients had symptoms related to two hormones. The most common hormonal symptom was acromegaly (50%); symptoms related to hyperprolactinaemia ranked second (20%). Double immunostaining of all the possible combinations of the hormones was performed in 30 selected tumours, and they all showed mixtures of hormones in individual adenoma cells in any hormonal combinations studied. The latter finding supported the view that plurihormonal adenomas are monomorphous adenomas. CONCLUSIONS: Plurihormonal adenomas are common pituitary adenomas. Immunohistochemical staining of all pituitary hormones is mandatory for correct classification. 相似文献
60.
Donangelo I Marcos HP Araújo PB Marcondes J Filho PN Gadelha M Chimelli L 《Endocrine pathology》2005,16(1):53-62
The retinoblastoma gene (RB1) is a tumor-suppressor gene in chromosomal region 13q14.2. Its role in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors has not been
fully clarified. Some studies have shown that losses in this chromosomal region are related to aggressive tumor behavior,
although the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) is still expressed. Conversely, lack of expression of pRB was observed in one fourth
of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas (GH-tumors). In order to further study the expression of pRB in GH-tumors, we evaluated
this protein in 49 tumors from patients with acromegaly (20 noninvasive, 25 invasive, and 4 with no information) and 8 normal
pituitaries using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Nuclear staining for pRB ranged from 0 to 90% (median 40%) in the tumors and
from 40 to 80% (median 58%) in normal pituitaries. In 10 tumors (20% of total) the adenomatous cells were negative (5 cases)
or had very low labeling (5 cases) for pRB. Sixty three percent (31/49) of the tumors showed staining in 10–80% of the cells
and in 16% (8/49) of the cases >80% of the adenomatous cells were positive for pRB. The expression of pRB was not different
in invasive and noninvasive tumors. In conclusion, pRB is underexpressed in a subgroup of GH-tumors, and this may represent
an early event in the pathogenesis of this tumor subtype. 相似文献